18 research outputs found
Powder Compaction: Compression Properties of Cellulose Ethers
Effective development of matrix tablets requires a comprehensive understanding of different raw material attributes and their impact on process parameters. Cellulose ethers (CE) are the most commonly used pharmaceutical excipients in the fabrication of hydrophilic matrices. The innate good compression and binding properties of CE enable matrices to be prepared using economical direct compression (DC) techniques. However, DC is sensitive to raw material attributes, thus, impacting the compaction process. This article critically reviews prior knowledge on the mechanism of powder compaction and the compression properties of cellulose ethers, giving timely insight into new developments in this field
Trends and population dynamics of a Velvet Scoter (Melanitta fusca) population: influence of density dependence and winter climate
Distribution and seasonal variation of Ljungan Virus in bank voles (Myodes glareolus) in Fennoscandia
Ljungan virus (LV) is a picornavirus originally isolated from Swedish bank voles (Myodes glareolus) in 1998. The association of LV with human disease has been debated ever since, but fundamental data on the ecology of the virus are still lacking. Here we present results of the first intensive study on the prevalence of LV in bank voles trapped in Fennoscandia (Sweden and Finland) from 2009â2012 as determined by PCR. Using an LV-specific RT-PCR, LV was detected in the liver of 73 out of 452 (16.2%) individuals and in 13 out of 17 sampling sites across Sweden and Finland (mean per site prevalence 16%, SE 3%, range 0â50%). We found more infected animals in autumn compared to spring, and lighter and heavier individuals had a higher prevalence than those with intermediate body masses. The result that LV prevalence is also lower in heavier (i.e., older) animals suggests for the first time that LV infection is not persistent in rodent
Renewing Urban Renewal in Landskrona: Pursuing Displacement through Housing Policies
The city of Landskrona in the South of Sweden has never fully recovered from a phase of heavy deindustrialization during the 1970s and 1980s. After years of socially inspired plans and projects, the local authorities have now decided to shift gear and tackle problems of criminality, unemployment and social exclusion through a renovation and eviction plan of the inner city. The basic thought behind the plan is to radically alter the social fabric of the inner city through major alterations of the housing market. The âCrossroads Centre/Eastâ plan proposes that the municipal authorities, together with five real estate companies, form a new company to renovate houses, convert rental apartments to condominiums, demolish and rebuild. One hundred million Swedish Crowns are invested in the company â 95 million will come from municipal funds. The proposal in the City Council, led by the Liberal Party, was supported by 49 out of 51 Councilors, including the Social Democrats and the extreme right-wing Sweden Democrats. The aim is not hidden: welfare recipients should be actively steered away from the city center and make place for a (imaginary) wealthy middle class. The overall objective of the company is âto improve both the physical and socio-economic status in Landskronaâs central and eastern parts." To understand this urban renewal proposal, we would like to present Landskrona as an example of a watershed in Swedish housing politics that forces us to consider: 1) the nature of gentrification processes in Scandinavia â from gentle to brutal; 2) the shift in viewing affordable housing as a problem, rather than a solution; and 3) the possible introduction of ârenovictionâ in Sweden
Ability of stress, sense of control, and self-theories to predict Swedish high school students' final grades
Effect of solidification conditions on the solidification mode in austenitic stainless steels
Renewing urban renewal in landskrona, sweden: pursuing displacement through housing policies
Geographical distribution of Ljungan virus in small mammals in Europe
Ljungan virus (LV), which belongs to the Parechovirus genus in the Picornaviridae family, was first isolated from
bank voles (Myodes glareolus) in Sweden in 1998 and proposed as a zoonotic agent. To improve knowledge of the
host association and geographical distribution of LV, tissues from 1685 animals belonging to multiple rodent and
insectivore species from 12 European countries were screened for LV-RNA using reverse transcriptase (RT)-PCR.
In addition, we investigated how the prevalence of LV-RNA in bank voles is associated with various intrinsic and extrinsic factors. We show that LV is widespread geographically, having been detected in at least one host species
in nine European countries. Twelve out of 21 species screened were LV-RNA PCR positive, including, for the first
time, the red vole (Myodes rutilus) and the root or tundra vole (Alexandromys formerly Microtus oeconomus), as
well as in insectivores, including the bicolored white-toothed shrew (Crocidura leucodon) and the Valais shrew
(Sorex antinorii). Results indicated that bank voles are the main rodent host for this virus (overall RT-PCR
prevalence: 15.2%). Linear modeling of intrinsic and extrinsic factors that could impact LV prevalence showed a
concave-down relationship between body mass and LV occurrence, so that subadults had the highest LV positivity,
but LV in older animals was less prevalent. Also, LV prevalence was higher in autumn and lower in spring, and the
amount of precipitation recorded during the 6 months preceding the trapping date was negatively correlated with
the presence of the virus. Phylogenetic analysis on the 185 base pair species-specific sequence of the 5Âą untranslated
region identified high genetic diversity (46.5%) between 80 haplotypes, although no geographical or host-specific
patterns of diversity were detected