Teaching Developmentally Appropriate Warm-Up Drills in Physical Education

The warm-up is the most important part of the physical education classes, where the student’s interest and attention are drawn and motivated towards the lesson purpose. However, many physical education teachers do not give enough attention to the beginning and warm-up part of the lesson when planning their lessons. Faigenbaum & McFarland (2007) stated that warm-up activities help prepare students for dynamic activities and increase their lesson time with physical activity. Warm-up in physical education classes is a part that should emphasize, primarily since it constitutes a basis for the main phase. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to provide some developmentally appropriate warm-up examples to increase the quality of the physical education lesson

Attitudes and approaches towards COVID-19 management among the public and pharmacists in Northern Cyprus

Purpose: To study the attitudes and approaches towards COVID-19 management among the public and pharmacists in Northern Cyprus.Method: Questionnaire were administered face-to-face and online to volunteer pharmacists and othermembers of the public, after receiving approval from the Near East University Ethics Boards. Responses to the questionnaire were evaluated statistically.Results: The pharmacists who quickly learned and adopted the necessary protection measures againstCOVID-19 at the beginning of the pandemic were young professionals under the age of 30 years who had less than 5 years of professional experience (p < 0.05). Most pharmacists who prepared magistral disinfectants/antiseptic solutions and lotions for irritation caused by excessive hand washing were agedabove 60 years, with more than 30 years of professional experience (p < 0.05). The people who responded in the questionnaires asked for products derived from Echinacea, Sambucus nigra, propolis, ginger and Pelargonium sidoides to boost their immune system. Approximately 22.6 % of the respondents received COVID-19-related information from doctors, while 33.4 % got theirs from pharmacists. However, 6.7 % of the respondents got information from social media groups which they created (p < 0.05).Conclusion: Cooperation between pharmacists and health care organizations is increasingly crucial forpublic health, since there are still gaps in the successful control of COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, it would be beneficial and even necessary to add a course on "management and solidarity in pandemics and other disasters" to the undergraduate education programs in pharmacy and all other healthcare disciplines.&nbsp

Fırm level determinants of earning management: evidence from borsa İstanbul

Son yıllarda yaşanan şirket skandalları finansal bilgi kullanıcılarının finansal raporlamanın doğruluğu konusunda şüphe duymasına yol açmıştır. Bu kapsamda kazanç yönetimi uygulamaları bilgi kullanıcıları, akademisyenler ve düzenleyici kurumlar için daha önemli hale gelmiştir. Zira kazanç yönetimi uygulamaları finansal tabloların şeffaflığına ve kalitesine olan zararlarından dolayı bu skandalların en önemli nedenlerinden biri olarak gösterilmiştir. Kazanç yönetimi, firmanın veya üst düzey yöneticilerin çıkarlarına hizmet etmek amacı ile kullandıkları bir araç olup en genel anlamda finansal bilgi kullanıcılarının firmanın performansı hakkında yanıltılması amacıyla muhasebe sonuçlarının manipüle edilmesi faaliyeti olarak ifade edilmektedir. Kazanç yönetimi uygulamalarının firma düzeyinde belirleyicilerini tespit etmeyi amaçlayan bu çalışmada Borsa İstanbul’da (BİST) işlem gören 127 imalat sanayi işletmesinin 2004-2014 yılları arasındaki verileri incelenmiştir. Veriler datastream veri tabanı ve Kamuyu Aydınlatma Platformundan ayrıca firmaların yayınladıkları faaliyet raporları, finansal tablo dipnot ve açıklamaları ile kurumsal yönetim uyum raporlarından elde edilmiştir. Çalışmada kazanç yönetiminin tespitinde “Düzeltilmiş Jones Modelinden” yararlanılmıştır. Çalışmada büyüklük, risk, işletme grubu ilişkisi, yabancı payı, piyasa değeri, yatırım harcamaları, dört büyük denetçi ve ortaklık yapısı gibi faktörlerin kazanç yönetimi uygulamalarını ne kadar açıkladığı tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Analiz sonuçlarına göre büyüklük, yatırım harcamaları, Tobin Q oranı, dört büyük denetçi tarafından denetlenme, işletme grubu ilişkisi ve halka arz oranı kazanç yönetimi uygulamalarını etkilemektedir.In recent years’ corporate scandals has led to doubts about the accuracy of financial reporting of financial information users. In this context, earnings management practices have become increasingly important for financial information users, academicians, and regulatory agencies. Earnings management practices have been shown to be one of the major causes of this scandal because of damage to the transparency and quality of financial statements. Earnings management, which is instrument of executives to serve their self-interests, can be defined, accounting results manipulation activities in order to mislead financial information users about company's financial performance. In this article, it is aimed to determine firm level determinants of earning management practices. In this framework data for 127 manufacturing firms from the Istanbul Stock Exchange (BIST) examined for the period 2004-2014. Data collected from DataStream database and from the Public Disclosure Platform. Also firms annual reports, financial statements and disclosures, the corporate governance compliance reports are collected for the study. In this article, to determine earnings management practice we used “Modified Jones Model”. Also in this study, we analyzed effect of some factors on earnings management such as; size, risk, business group relations, foreign share, the market value, investment expenditures, the four biggest auditors and the ownership structure. Our results suggest that size, capital expenditures, Tobin Q ratio, four big auditors, business group affiliation and free float rate effect earnings management practices of firms

The Preventive Effect of Oxytocin on Retinopathy in Streptozotocin- Induced Diabetic Rats

Objectives:The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of intravitreal and intraperitoneal use of oxytocin (OT) on retinopathy in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.Materials and Methods:Twenty-four 6-8-week-old adult male and female Sprague Dawley rats were used in the study. Diabetes was induced in the rats with a single injection of intraperitoneal streptozotocin. Diabetes was verified after 48 hours by measuring blood glucose levels of 260 mg/dl (14.4 mmol/L) or higher in diabetic rats. The rats were divided into 4 groups and treated as follows: intravitreal physiological saline group (0.01 mL saline weekly), intravitreal OT group (10 μU/μL OT weekly), intraperitoneal physiological saline group (1 mL daily), and intraperitoneal OT group (100 IU/kg OT daily). Hamilton syringes fitted with 27-gauge needles were used for intraperitoneal injections while 31-gauge needles were used for intravitreal injection. After 4 weeks of treatment the rats were euthanized to evaluate outer nuclear layer (ONL) thickness, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) immunoexpression, and plasma VEGF levels from blood samples obtained by cardiac puncture.Results:Morphometric analysis of retinal cross-sections showed that intravitreal and intraperitoneal OT significantly increased ONL thickness compared to physiological saline-treated groups. Also, OT treatment significantly decreased VEGF protein expression compared with the physiological saline groups. Plasma VEGF level was significantly higher in the physiological saline treatment group compared to the OT treatment group.Conclusion:OT reduces diabetic retinopathy progression, particularly when administered intravitreally. To our knowledge, this is the first attempt to investigate the impact of OT on diabetic retinopathy and may provide a new area for further research

Aus dem Pera Museum (Istanbul): Weitere Gewichte mit Nennung von Statthaltern von Pontus et Bithynia

Drei im Pera-Museum Istanbuls aufbewahrte Gewichte mit Nennung von Statthaltern von Pontus et Bithynia unter Septimius Severus, Decius und Valerian werden vorgelegt. Für die genannten Senatoren war bisher unbekannt, dass sie Gouverneure dieser Provinz gewesen sind. Die Gewichte bieten weitere Anhaltspunkte dafür, dass sie in Nikomedeia gegossen wurden. Die auf einem genannte Funktion eines homonoiarches war bisher unbekannt.Three weights kept in the Pera museum of Istanbul are published, bearing the names of governors of Pontus et Bithynia under Septimius Severus, Decius and Valerian. The senators mentioned had thus far not been known as having been governors of this province. The weights also give further clues for their minting in Nicomedia. The office of a homonoiarches, which is mentioned once, was thus far unknown to us.Présentation de trois poids, conservés au Musée Pera d’Istanbul, portant les noms de gouverneurs du Pont et de Bithynie sous Septime Sévère, Dèce et Valérien. On ignorait jusqu’ici que les sénateurs en question avaient assumé la fonction de gouverneur de cette province. Les poids livrent d’autres indices permettant de penser qu’ils ont été moulés à Nicomédie. Sur l’un d’eux figure la mention d’un homonoiarque, une fonction encore inconnue à ce jour

Effects of Cornus mas L. and Morus rubra L. extracts on penicillin‑induced epileptiform activity: an electrophysiological and biochemical study

Traditionally, Morus rubra L. (Moraceae) (red mulberry) and Cornus mas L. (Cornacea) (cornelian cherry) fruits are eaten fresh and are also used in marmalades, juices, jam, natural dyes in Turkey and are believed to have beneficial effects in case of multiple health issues such as antipyretic, diarrhea and intestinal parasites. However, the effects of M. rubra and C. mas on epilepsy has not been known. This study evaluates the effects of M. rubra and C. mas extracts on penicillin‑induced epileptiform activity. Sixty Wistar rats randomly divided into ten groups (n=6): control, sham, penicillin, penicillin+M. rubra extract (2.5, 5, 10, 20 mg/kg) and penicillin+C. mas extract (2.5, 5, 10 mg/kg). Epileptiform activity was induced by using penicillin (500 IU, i.c.) and electrocorticogram records (150 min) were obtained. Also, biochemical analysis in blood samples were evaluated. According to the electrocorticogram analysis, the effective dose was detected as 10 mg/kg for both C. mas and M. rubra. This dose decreased the spike frequencies of convulsions while amplitude wasn't changed by both substances. In erythrocyte studies, there were significant differences regarding nitric oxide in the control, sham and penicillin groups. There were significant differences regarding malondialdehyde in all groups. In the plasma, there were significant differences among groups regarding xanthine oxidase in the penicillin‑C. mas and penicillin‑M. rubra groups. There were differences regarding malondialdehyde in the penicillin‑C. mas and M. rubra‑C. mas groups. Both extracts reduced the frequency of epileptiform activity. After administration of the extracts malondialdehyde levels decreased also in both erythrocytes and plasma

Effects of Cornus mas L. and Morus rubra L. extracts on penicillin‑induced epileptiform activity: an electrophysiological and biochemical study

Traditionally, Morus rubra L. (Moraceae) (red mulberry) and Cornus mas L. (Cornacea) (cornelian cherry) fruits are eaten fresh and are also used in marmalades, juices, jam, natural dyes in Turkey and are believed to have beneficial effects in case of multiple health issues such as antipyretic, diarrhea and intestinal parasites. However, the effects of M. rubra and C. mas on epilepsy has not been known. This study evaluates the effects of M. rubra and C. mas extracts on penicillin‑induced epileptiform activity. Sixty Wistar rats randomly divided into ten groups (n=6): control, sham, penicillin, penicillin+M. rubra extract (2.5, 5, 10, 20 mg/kg) and penicillin+C. mas extract (2.5, 5, 10 mg/kg). Epileptiform activity was induced by using penicillin (500 IU, i.c.) and electrocorticogram records (150 min) were obtained. Also, biochemical analysis in blood samples were evaluated. According to the electrocorticogram analysis, the effective dose was detected as 10 mg/kg for both C. mas and M. rubra. This dose decreased the spike frequencies of convulsions while amplitude wasn't changed by both substances. In erythrocyte studies, there were significant differences regarding nitric oxide in the control, sham and penicillin groups. There were significant differences regarding malondialdehyde in all groups. In the plasma, there were significant differences among groups regarding xanthine oxidase in the penicillin‑C. mas and penicillin‑M. rubra groups. There were differences regarding malondialdehyde in the penicillin‑C. mas and M. rubra‑C. mas groups. Both extracts reduced the frequency of epileptiform activity. After administration of the extracts malondialdehyde levels decreased also in both erythrocytes and plasma

Detection of Novel NF1 Variants with Next-Generation DNA Sequencing Technology and Genotype-Phenotype Characteristics of Neurofibromatosis

MakaleWOS:000925992500001Objective: Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1, #162200) is a common neurological disorder with de novo or inherited germline mutations of the Neurofibromin (NF1, *613113). The purpose of this study is to increase the limited knowledge of NF1 in a small population-based dataset. Materials and Methods: This study enrolled patients with clinically suspected NF1 referred to the Kayseri Training and Research Hospital, Medical Genetics Department, between 2015 and 2017. The local ethics committee approved this study. Next-generation sequencing was performed for the genetic analysis. The genetic, demographic, and clinical features of the participants were characterized. Results: A total of 79 cases of NF1 were included. Of these cases, 40 were male, and 39 were female. The mean age was 11.9 years, and most were younger than 18 years. The most common complaint was cafe au lait macules. The 61 (77.3%) patients had pathogenic variants, and 16 (26.2%) were novel. Mostly affected mutation sites were exonic regions (n=54, 88.5%). The most common mutated exon was exon 38 (n=7, 11.5%), and most of the detected mutations were nonsense mutations (31%). Conclusion: It is one of Turkiye's largest NF1 study groups, where all exons of the NF1 gene were analyzed. This study contributes novel variants to the literature. There was no mutational hotspot region, and no significant relationship between genotype and phenotype was observed. Further studies and large sample sizes are required to better understand the relationship between NF and genetic changes

Work ability of the turkish physical education teachers

*Ünlü, Hüseyin ( Aksaray, Yazar )Purpose: Work ability of physical education teachers (PETs) is important to promote physical activity and effective teaching process. However, there was a limited study. In this study, work ability of the Turkish PETs was investigated. Method: The mixed methods were used. The study group consisted of 407 (Mage = 36.52 ± 6.9) PETs. “The Work Ability Questionnaire” was used as a data collection tool. Descriptive statistic, independent sample t-test, analysis of variance (ANOVA), multiple regression analysis, and chi-square were used in the analysis of qualitative data, and content analysis was used in the analysis of quantitative data. Result: The PETs were satisfied with their current job, and while there was a significant difference according to the gender (p .05). Furthermore, the PETs had a high work ability; when the comparison according to the gender and age significant differences was found (p < .05). Also, it was found that job satisfaction predicted physical fitness, work ability, work motivation, and work atmosphere of the PETs (R2 = .463, F = 30.945, p < .05). Some of the PETs had a physical disease affecting their work abilities, and most of the PETs had musculoskeletal and respiratory diseases. In the comparison, according to gender, a significant difference was not found in terms of injury or disease (p > .05). Moreover, health problems were seen as the main problems which will threaten for the future work abilities. Conclusion: Higher work ability was associated with positive outcomes and higher job satisfaction. The healthy PETs had more work abilities...