Evaluación ambientales por el uso y manejo de productos agroquímicos

Agrochemicals have become an integral part of today's agriculture and play an important role in increasing agricultural productivity. However, the indiscriminate and extensive use of these represents one of the main environmental and public health problems throughout the world. Once released into the environment, agrochemicals can contaminate rivers, the water table, air, soil and food. Thus, the analysis of environmental risks due to the inadequate use and handling of agrochemicals in crops and their management has become more relevant in recent years. Based on the above, the objective of this study was to evaluate the environmental risks related to the use and handling of agrochemicals, in the sector "playa zona baja", in the municipality of Salamina, Magdalena. Additionally, to formulate an action plan focused on the prevention and mitigation of these risks. For the evaluation of the environmental risks in the area of study, the methodology proposed by the UNE 15:0008 standard was used. The results indicated that the active ingredients mostly used were the pesticides chlorpyrifos (66%), Paraquat (31%) and the granular urea fertilizer (70%); the evaluation of the environmental risk in the Lower Zone Beach classified as moderate or medium the risk in the area, directly involving the water and soil component, the use of PPE and the disposal of agrochemical containers. In the formulation of the action plan, the results of the evaluation were taken into account. It was structured on 4 fundamental programs: training, use of PPE, disposal of agrochemical residues and monitoring of farmers' health.Los agroquímicos se han convertido en una parte integral de la agricultura actual y juegan un papel importante en el aumento de la productividad agrícola. Sin embargo, el uso indiscriminado y extenso de estos representa uno de los principales problemas ambientales y de salud pública en todo el mundo, una vez liberados en el entorno, los agroquímicos pueden contaminar los ríos, la capa freática, el aire, el suelo y los alimentos. Es así como el análisis de riesgos ambientales por el inadecuado uso y manejo de agroquímicos en los cultivos y la gestión de estos, ha tomado mayor relevancia en los últimos años. Con base en lo anterior, el objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar los riesgos ambientales relacionados al uso y manejo de productos agroquímicos, en el sector “playa zona baja”, del municipio de Salamina, Magdalena. Adicionalmente, formular un plan de acción enfocado a la prevención y mitigación de estos. Para la evaluación de los riesgos ambientales en el área de estudio, se empleó la metodología propuesta por la Norma UNE 15:0008. Los resultados indicaron que los ingredientes activos mayormente empleados fueron los plaguicidas clorpirifós (66%), Paraquat (31%) y el fertilizante urea granular (70%); la evaluación del riesgo ambiental en la Playa Zona Baja clasifico como moderado o medio el riesgo en la zona, involucrando directamente el componente hídrico y suelo, al uso de EPP y la disposición de los contenedores de agroquímicos. En la formulación del plan de acción, se tuvo en cuenta los resultados de la evaluación. Este se estructuró sobre 4 programas fundamentales: capacitación, uso de EPP, disposición de los residuos de agroquímicos y monitoreo de la salud de los agricultores

Caracterización nutricional de la panela granulada.

El artículo presenta un estudio completo sobre los valores nutricionales que tiene la panela granulada a través de diferentes temas que incluyen las propiedades fisicoquímicas donde vemos el valor calórico, la composición nutricional donde encontramos el contenido de azúcares, el contenido de minerales, el contenido de proteína, el contenido de vitaminas y un análisis microbiológico y las conclusiones del estudio.Caña panelera-Saccharum officinarum - Saccharum officinarum L

Immune and spermatogenesis-related loci are involved in the development of extreme patterns of male infertility

Acknowledgements We thank the National DNA Bank Carlos III (University of Salamanca, Spain) for supplying part of the control DNA samples from Spain and all the participants for their essential collaboration. This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science through the Spanish National Plan for Scientific and Technical Research and Innovation (refs. SAF2016-78722-R and PID2020-120157RB-I00), the Andalusian Plan for Research and Innovation (PAIDI 2020) (ref. PY20_00212), and the R+D+i Projects of the FEDER Operational Programme 2020 (ref. B-CTS-584-UGR20). F.D.C. was supported by the “Ramón y Cajal” programme (ref. RYC-2014-16458), and L.B.C. was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness through the “Juan de la Cierva Incorporación” programme (ref. IJC2018-038026-I, funded by MCIN/AEI /10.13039/ 501100011033), all of them including FEDER funds. A.G.J. was funded by MCIN/AEI /10.13039/501100011033 and FSE “El FSE invierte en tu futuro” (ref. FPU20/02926). IPATIMUP integrates the i3S Research Unit, which is partially supported by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT), financed by the European Social Funds (COMPETE-FEDER) and National Funds (projects PEstC/SAU/LA0003/2013 and POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007274). A.M.L. is funded by the Portuguese Government through FCT (IF/01262/2014). P.I.M. is supported by the FCT post-doctoral fellowship (SFRH/BPD/120777/2016), financed from the Portuguese State Budget of the Ministry for Science, Technology and High Education and from the European Social Fund, available through the Programa Operacional do Capital Humano. ToxOmics—Centre for Toxicogenomics and Human Health, Genetics, Oncology and Human Toxicology, Nova Medical School, Lisbon, is also partially supported by FCT (Projects: UID/BIM/00009/ 2013 and UIDB/UIDP/00009/2020). SLarriba received support from “Instituto de Salud Carlos III” (grant DTS18/00101], co-funded by FEDER funds/European Regional Development Fund (ERDF)—a way to build Europe), and from “Generalitat de Catalunya” (grant 2017SGR191). SLarriba is sponsored by the “Researchers Consolidation Programme” from the SNS-Departament de Salut Generalitat de Catalunya (Exp. CES09/ 020). The German cohort was recruited within the Male Reproductive Genomics (MERGE) study and supported by the German Research Foundation Clinical Research Unit ‘Male Germ Cells’ (DFG CRU326, grants to F.T. and J.G.). This article is related to the Ph.D. Doctoral Thesis of Miriam Cerván-Martín (grant ref. BES-2017-081222 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and FSE “El FSE invierte en tu futuro”).We conducted a genome-wide association study in a large population of infertile men due to unexplained spermatogenic failure (SPGF). More than seven million genetic variants were analysed in 1,274 SPGF cases and 1,951 unaffected controls from two independent European cohorts. Two genomic regions were associated with the most severe histological pattern of SPGF, defined by Sertoli cell-only (SCO) phenotype, namely the MHC class II gene HLA-DRB1 (rs1136759, P = 1.32E-08, OR = 1.80) and an upstream locus of VRK1 (rs115054029, P = 4.24E-08, OR = 3.14), which encodes a protein kinase involved in the regulation of spermatogenesis. The SCO-associated rs1136759 allele (G) determines a serine in the position 13 of the HLA-DRβ1 molecule located in the antigen-binding pocket. Overall, our data support the notion of unexplained SPGF as a complex trait influenced by common variation in the genome, with the SCO phenotype likely representing an immune-mediated condition.Andalusian Plan for Research and InnovationJuan de la Cierva Incorporación IJC2018-038026-IMinistry for Science, Technology and High EducationBES-2017-081222, MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033National Funds IF/01262/2014, PEstC/SAU/LA0003/2013, POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007274, SFRH/BPD/120777/2016PAIDI 2020 PY20_00212R+D+i Projects B-CTS-584-UGR20, RYC-2014-16458Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Manchester FPU20/02926Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft DFG CRU326Fundação para a Ciência e a TecnologiaGeneralitat de Catalunya 2017SGR191Ministerio de Economía y CompetitividadInstituto de Salud Carlos III DTS18/00101Ministerio de Ciencia e InnovaciónEuropean Social Fund UIDB/UIDP/00009/2020European Regional Development FundFundació Catalana de TrasplantamentDepartament de Salut, Generalitat de Catalunya CES09/020Programa Operacional Temático Factores de CompetitividadeSpanish National Plan for Scientific and Technical Research and Innovation PID2020-120157RB-I00, SAF2016-78722-

N-substituted Aminobiphenyl Palladacycles Stabilized by Dialkylterphenyl Phosphanes: Preparation and Applications in C[sbnd]N Cross-coupling Reactions

Neutral and cationic N-methyl- and N-phenyl-2-aminobiphenyl methanesulfonate palladacycles stabilized with dialkylterphenyl phosphanes have been prepared and characterized. Neutral structures are favored with the less bulky phosphane PMe2ArXyl2, L1, while more sterically demanding ligands PiPr2ArXyl2, L3, and PCyp2ArXyl2 (Cyp = cyclopentyl), L4, lead to cationic complexes in which the phosphane exhibits a bidentate κ1-P, η1-Carene coordination mode involving one of the ipso carbon atoms of a flanking terphenyl aryl ring. The complexes were evaluated for activity in C[sbnd]N cross-coupling reactions and [Pd(N-methyl-2-aminobiphenyl)L4](OMs) (OMs = mesylate) was identified as the most efficient precatalyst, facilitating the coupling of aryl chlorides with secondary and primary amines and indoles.Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad CTQ2017-82893-C2-2-RJunta de Andalucía US-126226

Prevalencia de giardiosis en niños de 1 a 5 años en 10 jardines infantiles de la localidad de Engativá en el primer semestre del año 2017

a giardiosis es la protozoasis más prevalente en niños menores de 5 años. Puede presentarse como un cuadro clínico de gastroenteritis y en algunos casos puede provocar síndrome de mala absorción, pero también puede cursar asintomática, generando una alteración en el crecimiento y desarrollo de los niños, especialmente en los que presentan factores de riesgo ambientales y sociodemográficos. Se realizó un estudio de tipo observacional, descriptivo, transversal, en el que se determinó la prevalencia de giardiosis y una población de 200 niños entre 1 y 5 años que asisten a jardines infantiles de la localidad de Engativá, durante el primer semestre del años 2017, a los cuales se les aplicó también una encuesta para determinar los factores de riesgo a los que pueden están expuestos. Se encontró que el 2% de la población estudiada presentó Giardia lamblia, prevalencia menor a la esperada en comparación con otros estudios, probablemente, debido a que al aplicar el instrumento se evidenció que más del 50% no presentaban factores de riesgo asociados a esta parasitosis. Los niños que presentaron G. lamblia fueron direccionados a un servicio médico con su respectivo reporte de coprológico para recibir tratamiento oportuno.PregradoMédico(a) Cirujan

Common Variation in the PIN1 Locus Increases the Genetic Risk to Suffer from Sertoli Cell-Only Syndrome

We aimed to analyze the role of the common genetic variants located in the PIN1 locus, a relevant prolyl isomerase required to control the proliferation of spermatogonial stem cells and the integrity of the blood–testis barrier, in the genetic risk of developing male infertility due to a severe spermatogenic failure (SPGF). Genotyping was performed using TaqMan genotyping assays for three PIN1 taggers (rs2287839, rs2233678 and rs62105751). The study cohort included 715 males diagnosed with SPGF and classified as suffering from non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA, n = 505) or severe oligospermia (SO, n = 210), and 1058 controls from the Iberian Peninsula. The allelic frequency differences between cases and controls were analyzed by the means of logistic regression models. A subtype specific genetic association with the subset of NOA patients classified as suffering from the Sertoli cell-only (SCO) syndrome was observed with the minor alleles showing strong risk effects for this subset (ORaddrs2287839 = 1.85 (1.17–2.93), ORaddrs2233678 = 1.62 (1.11–2.36), ORaddrs62105751 = 1.43 (1.06–1.93)). The causal variants were predicted to affect the binding of key transcription factors and to produce an altered PIN1 gene expression and isoform balance. In conclusion, common non-coding single-nucleotide polymorphisms located in PIN1 increase the genetic risk to develop SCO.Plan Andaluz de Investigacion, Desarrollo e Innovacion (PAIDI 2020) PY20_00212 P20_00583Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness through the Spanish National Plan for Scientific and Technical Research and Innovation SAF2016-78722-R PID2020-120157RB-I00Proyectos I + D + i del Programa Operativo FEDER 2020 B-CTS-584-UGR20 B-CTS-260-UGR20Spanish Government RYC-2014-16458Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness through the "Juan de la Cierva Incorporacion" program (MCIN/AEI) IJC2018038026-IEuropean CommissionMCIN/AEIFSE "El FSE invierte en tu futuro" FPU20/02926 BES-2017-081222Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) - European Social Funds (COMPETE-FEDER) Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology IF/01262/2014FCT from the Portuguese State Budget of the Ministry for Science, Technology and High Education SFRH/BPD/120777/2016European Social Fund through the Programa Operacional do Capital HumanoPortuguese Foundation for Science and Technology European Commission UID/BIM/00009/2013 UIDB/UIDP/00009/2020Instituto de Salud Carlos III (FEDER funds/European Regional Development Fund (ERDF)-a way to build Europe) DTS18/00101Generalitat de Catalunya 2017SGR191SNS-Dpt. Salut Generalitat de Catalunya CES09/020 MCIN/AEI BES-2017-081222 PEstC/SAU/LA0003/2013 POCI-01-0145-FEDER-00727

La tecnologia como factor diferenciador en la logística del futuro / Technology as a differentiator factor in the future logistics

Esta investigación consiste en indagar cómo la cadena logística debe reinventarse a nivel tecnológico para cumplir con la demanda del nuevo consumidor moderno, y como los factores integradores generan eficiencia en la cadena de suministros.Desde la adaptación y aumento del comercio electrónico la logística será clave para lograr satisfacción del consumidor debido a que tiene un perfil tecnológico el cual es más exigente en cuanto a sus experiencias de compras. La automatización es determinante para marcar diferencia en la reducción de tiempos y control (confiabilidad) puesto que al aumentar el número de operaciones se requiere la optimización de los procesos, la eficiencia en la calidad y atención al cliente. Por ser el último eslabón, la distribución busca la optimización de rutas y recursos de transporte, trazabilidad en tiempo real, disminución de errores y simplificación de procesos, para cumplir eficazmente con la entrega al consumidor final

EFECTO DEL VENENO DE Latrodectus mactans EN LOS NIVELES PLASMÁTICOS DE ÓXIDO NÍTRICO Y EN EL COMPORTAMIENTO SEXUAL EN Oryctolagus cunniculus

Objetivo: El objetivo del presente trabajo fue evaluar el efecto del veneno de Latrodectus mactans en los niveles plasmáticos de óxido nítrico y el comportamiento sexual de Oryctolagus cunniculus. Material y método: Se capturaron 10 especímenes de Latrodectus mactans en las inmediaciones del campus de la Universidad Nacional de Trujillo en lugares secos, abrigados y oscuros. Se adquirieron 7 especímenes machos y 7 hembras de Oryctolagus cunniculus a los que se inyectó 0.1 mL de veneno de araña. Se determinaron los niveles de óxido nítrico (NO) indirectamente por la conversión en nitritos (NO2-) y nitratos (NO3-) que son los principales productos de degradación del NO, por el método de Método de Griess. Se evaluó el comportamiento sexual teniendo en cuenta los siguientes parámetros: frecuencia de monta, frecuencia de intromisiones, latencia de monta, latencia de intromisiones y latencia post eyaculatoria. Resultados: Se observó que los niveles de NO aumentaron en promedio a 7.75µmol /ml con la administración de 0.1 ml del homogenizado de veneno de Latrodectus mactans (p < 0.05) comparados con la administración de 0.1 mL de Solución Salina Fisiológica (grupo blanco) que aumentó a 4.06µmol /ml en promedio (p < 0.05). En el comportamiento sexual se observó un aumento en la frecuencia de monta, frecuencia de intromisiones y disminución en la latencia de intromisiones y latencia post eyaculatoria (p < 0.05). Conclusiones: El veneno de Latrodectus mactans eleva en forma significativa los niveles plasmáticos de óxido nítrico en Oryctolagus cunniculus, además estimula el comportamiento sexual de dichos especímenes. Palabras clave: Latrodectus mactans, Óxido nítrico, comportamiento sexual.

Common genetic variation in KATNAL1 non-coding regions is involved in the susceptibility to severe phenotypes of male infertility

Free PMC article: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9546047/Background: Previous studies in animal models evidenced that genetic mutations of KATNAL1, resulting in dysfunction of its encoded protein, lead to male infertility through disruption of microtubule remodelling and premature germ cell exfoliation. Subsequent studies in humans also suggested a possible role of KATNAL1 single nucleotide polymorphisms in the development of male infertility as a consequence of severe spermatogenic failure. Objectives: The main objective of the present study is to evaluate the effect of the common genetic variation of KATNAL1 in a large and phenotypically well-characterised cohort of infertile men because of severe spermatogenic failure. Materials and methods: A total of 715 infertile men because of severe spermato genic failure, including 210 severe oligospermia and 505 non-obstructive azoospermia patients, as well as 1058 unaffected controls were genotyped for three KATNAL1 single-nucleotide polymorphism taggers (rs2077011, rs7338931 and rs2149971). Case–control association analyses by logistic regression assuming different models and in silico functional characterisation of risk variants were conducted. Results: Genetic associations were observed between the three analysed taggers and different severe spermatogenic failure groups. However, in all cases, the haplotype model (rs2077011*C | rs7338931*T | rs2149971*A) better explained the observed associations than the three risk alleles independently. This haplotype was associated with non-obstructive azoospermia (adjusted p = 4.96E-02, odds ratio = 2.97), Sertoli cell only syndrome (adjusted p = 2.83E-02, odds ratio = 5.16) and testicular sperm extraction unsuccessful outcomes (adjusted p = 8.99E-04, odds ratio = 6.13). The in silico analyses indicated that the effect on severe spermatogenic failure predisposition could be because of an alteration of the KATNAL1 splicing pattern. Conclusions: Specific allelic combinations of KATNAL1 genetic polymorphisms may confer a risk of developing severe male infertility phenotypes by favouring the overrepresentation of a short non-functional transcript isoform in the testis.This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness through the Spanish National Plan for Scientific and Technical Research and Innovation (refs. SAF2016-78722-R and PID2020-120157RB-I00), the ‘Instituto de Salud Carlos III’ (Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias)/Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional ‘Una manera de hacer Europa’ (FIS/FEDER) (ref. DTS18/00101 to Sara Larriba), the Generalitat de Catalunya (ref. 2017SGR191), the ‘Ramón y Cajal’ program (ref. RYC-2014-16458) and the ‘Juan de la Cierva Incorporación’ program (ref. IJC2018-038026-I), as well as the Andalusian Government through the R&D&i Projects Grants for Universities and Public Research Entities (ref. PY20_00212), which include FEDER funds. Andrea Guzmán-Jiménez was a recipient of a grant from the Spanish Ministry of Education and Professional Training (‘Becas de Colaboración en Departamentos Universitarios para el curso académico 2020/2021’). Patricia I. Marques is supported by the FCT post-doctoral fellowship (SFRH/BPD/120777/2016), financed from the Portuguese State Budget of the Ministry for Science, Tech nology and High Education and from the European Social Fund, available through the ‘Programa Operacional do Capital Humano’. João Gonçalves was partially funded by FCT/MCTES through national funds attributed to the Centre for Toxicogenomics and Human Health— ToxOmics (UID/BIM/00009/2016 and UIDB/00009/2020). Sara Larriba is sponsored by the Researchers Consolidation Program (ISCIII SNS/Dpt. Salut Generalitat de Catalunya) (CES09/020).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Common genetic variation in KATNAL1 non‐coding regions is involved in the susceptibility to severe phenotypes of male infertility

© 2022 The Authors. Andrology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society of Andrology and European Academy of Andrology. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.Background: Previous studies in animal models evidenced that genetic mutations of KATNAL1, resulting in dysfunction of its encoded protein, lead to male infertility through disruption of microtubule remodelling and premature germ cell exfoliation. Subsequent studies in humans also suggested a possible role of KATNAL1 single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the development of male infertility as a consequence of severe spermatogenic failure. Objectives: The main objective of the present study is to evaluate the effect of the common genetic variation of KATNAL1 in a large and phenotypically well-characterised cohort of infertile men because of severe spermatogenic failure. Materials and methods: A total of 715 infertile men because of severe spermatogenic failure, including 210 severe oligospermia and 505 non-obstructive azoospermia patients, as well as 1058 unaffected controls were genotyped for three KATNAL1 single-nucleotide polymorphism taggers (rs2077011, rs7338931 and rs2149971). Case-control association analyses by logistic regression assuming different models and in silico functional characterisation of risk variants were conducted. Results: Genetic associations were observed between the three analysed taggers and different severe spermatogenic failure groups. However, in all cases, the haplotype model (rs2077011*C | rs7338931*T | rs2149971*A) better explained the observed associations than the three risk alleles independently. This haplotype was associated with non-obstructive azoospermia (adjusted p = 4.96E-02, odds ratio = 2.97), Sertoli-cell only syndrome (adjusted p = 2.83E-02, odds ratio = 5.16) and testicular sperm extraction unsuccessful outcomes (adjusted p = 8.99E-04, odds ratio = 6.13). The in silico analyses indicated that the effect on severe spermatogenic failure predisposition could be because of an alteration of the KATNAL1 splicing pattern. Conclusions: Specific allelic combinations of KATNAL1 genetic polymorphisms may confer a risk of developing severe male infertility phenotypes by favouring the overrepresentation of a short non-functional transcript isoform in the testis.This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness through the Spanish National Plan for Scientific and Technical Research and Innovation (refs. SAF2016-78722-R and PID2020-120157RB-I00), the ‘Instituto de Salud Carlos III’ (Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias)/Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional ‘Una manera de hacer Europa’ (FIS/FEDER) (ref. DTS18/00101 to Sara Larriba), the Generalitat de Catalunya (ref. 2017SGR191), the ‘Ramón y Cajal’ program (ref. RYC-2014-16458) and the ‘Juan de la Cierva Incorporación’ program (ref. IJC2018-038026-I), as well as the Andalusian Government through the R&D&i Projects Grants for Universities and Public Research Entities (ref. PY20_00212), which include FEDER funds. Andrea Guzmán-Jiménez was a recipient of a grant from the Spanish Ministry of Education and Professional Training (‘Becas de Colaboración en Departamentos Universitarios para el curso académico 2020/2021’). Patricia I. Marques is supported by the FCT post-doctoral fellowship (SFRH/BPD/120777/2016), financed from the Portuguese State Budget of the Ministry for Science, Technology and High Education and from the European Social Fund, available through the ‘Programa Operacional do Capital Humano’. João Gonçalves was partially funded by FCT/MCTES through national funds attributed to the Centre for Toxicogenomics and Human Health—ToxOmics (UID/BIM/00009/2016 and UIDB/00009/2020). Sara Larriba is sponsored by the Researchers Consolidation Program (ISCIII SNS/Dpt. Salut Generalitat de Catalunya) (CES09/020).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio