Barriers of mental health treatment utilization among first-year college students: First cross-national results from the WHO World Mental Health International College Student Initiative.

BACKGROUND: Although mental disorders and suicidal thoughts-behaviors (suicidal thoughts and behaviors) are common among university students, the majority of students with these problems remain untreated. It is unclear what the barriers are to these students seeking treatment. AIMS: The aim of this study is to examine the barriers to future help-seeking and the associations of clinical characteristics with these barriers in a cross-national sample of first-year college students. METHOD: As part of the World Mental Health International College Student (WMH-ICS) initiative, web-based self-report surveys were obtained from 13,984 first-year students in eight countries across the world. Clinical characteristics examined included screens for common mental disorders and reports about suicidal thoughts and behaviors. Multivariate regression models adjusted for socio-demographic, college-, and treatment-related variables were used to examine correlates of help-seeking intention and barriers to seeking treatment. RESULTS: Only 24.6% of students reported that they would definitely seek treatment if they had a future emotional problem. The most commonly reported reasons not to seek treatment among students who failed to report that they would definitely seek help were the preference to handle the problem alone (56.4%) and wanting to talk with friends or relatives instead (48.0%). Preference to handle the problem alone and feeling too embarrassed were also associated with significantly reduced odds of having at least some intention to seek help among students who failed to report that they would definitely seek help. Having 12-month major depression, alcohol use disorder, and suicidal thoughts and behaviors were also associated with significantly reduced reported odds of the latter outcome. CONCLUSIONS: The majority of first-year college students in the WMH-ICS surveys report that they would be hesitant to seek help in case of future emotional problems. Attitudinal barriers and not structural barriers were found to be the most important reported reasons for this hesitation. Experimental research is needed to determine whether intention to seek help and, more importantly, actual help-seeking behavior could be increased with the extent to which intervention strategies need to be tailored to particular student characteristics. Given that the preference to handle problems alone and stigma and appear to be critical, there could be value in determining if internet-based psychological treatments, which can be accessed privately and are often build as self-help approaches, would be more acceptable than other types of treatments to student who report hesitation about seeking treatment.status: publishe

WHO World Mental Health Surveys International College Student Project: Prevalence and Distribution of Mental Disorders

Increasingly, colleges across the world are contending with rising rates of mental disorders, and in many cases, the demand for services on campus far exceeds the available resources. The present study reports initial results from the first stage of the WHO World Mental Health International College Student project, in which a series of surveys in 19 colleges across 8 countries (Australia, Belgium, Germany, Mexico, Northern Ireland, South Africa, Spain, United States) were carried out with the aim of estimating prevalence and basic sociodemographic correlates of common mental disorders among first-year college students. Web-based self-report questionnaires administered to incoming first-year students (45.5% pooled response rate) screened for six common lifetime and 12-month DSM-IV mental disorders: major depression, mania/hypomania, generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, alcohol use disorder, and substance use disorder. We focus on the 13,984 respondents who were full-time students: 35% of whom screened positive for at least one of the common lifetime disorders assessed and 31% screened positive for at least one 12-month disorder. Syndromes typically had onsets in early to middle adolescence and persisted into the year of the survey. Although relatively modest, the strongest correlates of screening positive were older age, female sex, unmarried-deceased parents, no religious affiliation, nonheterosexual identification and behavior, low secondary school ranking, and extrinsic motivation for college enrollment. The weakness of these associations means that the syndromes considered are widely distributed with respect to these variables in the student population. Although the extent to which cost-effective treatment would reduce these risks is unclear, the high level of need for mental health services implied by these results represents a major challenge to institutions of higher education and governments. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved).status: publishe

Prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus and factors partners in the geriatric population in a general hospital Northern Mexico [Prevalencia de diabetes mellitus de tipo 2 y factores asociados en la población geriátrica de un hospital general del norte de México]

There are few reports on the impact of diabetes in the geriatric population. Objective: To determine the prevalence of diabetes in the geriatric population in a hospital in Northeast Mexico. Design: A cross-sectional study and a probabilistic sampling were made. The files of outpatients of the geriatrics department in a General Hospital in Monterrey, Mexico, were examined. The information obtained from these files was related to the patient's personal pathological and non-pathological background, besides a full geriatric evaluation. Results: A total of 171 files were examined, out of which 97 (56.7%) belonged to females and 74 (43.3%) to males. The mean age was 78 +/- 6.9 years. Diabetes was found in 76 patients (44%), major depression was found in 85 patients (50%), with the latter being more common in diabetic patients (p = 0.002). It was also found that diabetic patients take more drugs during their disease. Adjusting for age, gender, and academic level, cognitive impairment was found in 110 patients (64.3%). Conclusions: Diabetes mellitus is more frequent in the geriatric population and it uses more resources

Prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus and factors partners in the geriatric population in a general hospital Northern Mexico [Prevalencia de diabetes mellitus de tipo 2 y factores asociados en la población geriátrica de un hospital general del norte de México]

There are few reports on the impact of diabetes in the geriatric population. Objective: To determine the prevalence of diabetes in the geriatric population in a hospital in Northeast Mexico. Design: A cross-sectional study and a probabilistic sampling were made. The files of outpatients of the geriatrics department in a General Hospital in Monterrey, Mexico, were examined. The information obtained from these files was related to the patient's personal pathological and non-pathological background, besides a full geriatric evaluation. Results: A total of 171 files were examined, out of which 97 (56.7%) belonged to females and 74 (43.3%) to males. The mean age was 78 ± 6.9 years. Diabetes was found in 76 patients (44%), major depression was found in 85 patients (50%), with the latter being more common in diabetic patients (p = 0.002). It was also found that diabetic patients take more drugs during their disease. Adjusting for age, gender, and academic level, cognitive impairment was found in 110 patients (64.3%). Conclusions: Diabetes mellitus is more frequent in the geriatric population and it uses more resources

Metoclopramide as a risk factor for postprandial hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes [Metoclopramida, factor de riesgo para hiperglucemia postprandial en diabetes tipo 2]

Diabetes mellitus is a pathology that has widely spread througout the world in the past decades. Postprandial hyperglycemia plays an important role in the progress of the disease due to the fact that increases the risk for cardiovascular events. This study's aim was to determine if the use of intravenous metoclopramide in patients with Diabetes Mellitus increases the postprandial glycemia. Material and methods: A cohort of patients hospitalized with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Patients were classified as exposed (metoclopramide 10 mg IV) and not exposed, and glycemia preprandial and postprandial at 30, 60 and 120 minutes was measured. Results: There were 80 patients in each group, and in both groups the general characteristics were homogeneous. The postprandial glycemia in the exposed group was higher at 30, 60, 90 and 120 minutes, being only statistically significant at 120 minutes postprandial (p = < 0,001). Conclusions: In conclusion, the use of intravenous metoclopramide is a risk factor to develop postprandial hyperglycemia in diabetic patients

Técnica Mineral S.A. de C.V.

Se presenta el Proyecto de Aplicación Profesional en el que se trabajó en la exportación de los productos AFLABALAN y QUITAFLAX de la empresa jalisciense Técnica Mineral S.A. de C.V. a los mercados internos de El Salvador, Costa Rica, Perú, Colombia, Chile y Brasil. Estos mercados fueron elegidos en un principio por las ventajas geográficas que ofrecen como clientes potenciales para el productor mexicano, además de las ventajas que representa el trabajar con países con los que se comparten grandes similitudes como el idioma y ciertas raíces culturales que agilizan mucho la comunicación y, por lo tanto, la operación internacional. Conforme avanzó la investigación se fueron validando los objetivos en varios niveles de cada uno de los productos, como el mercado, costo de transporte, regulaciones específicas de cada país, etcétera. Esto nos dio como resultado información con mucha más fidelidad acerca de cuál es el país con las condiciones más aptas para abrir un nuevo mercado. Alprocesar esta información logramos ofrecer a la empresa las herramientas necesarias para la toma de decisiones acerca de la operación de exportación específica, cubriendo factores como cuánto exportar, a dónde exportar y cómo hacerlo

Environment-Friendly Approach toward the Treatment of Raw Agricultural Wastewater and River Water via Flocculation Using Chitosan and Bean Straw Flour as Bioflocculants

International audienc

Low handgrip strength is associated with a higher incidence of pressure ulcers in hip fractured patients.

Introduction. Pressure ulcers (PUs) are highly frequent in hip fractured elderly patients. Handgrip strength (HGS) is an efficient, method to measure functional capacity. The aim was to analyze if low HGS is associated with higher incidence of pressure ulcers within a population of elderly patients with hip fracture.Material and Methods. A cohort study, which included 462 patients admitted at the Hip and Pelvic Surgery Department of a tertiary hospital, in Monterrey, Mexico. HGS measurement was performed using a Jamar® Hydraulic Hand Dynamometer. Patients were grouped into tertiles according to their grip strength measurement by sex, and evaluated for presence or absence of PUs during hospital admission and followed until discharge. Results. The general incidence of PUs was 25.7%. The incidence was higher in the weaker subjects. After multivariate analysis, only HGS remained associated with PUs incidence.Conclusion. Low handgrip strength is associated with a higher incidence of pressure ulcers