Tendencia genética y fenotípica de la producción de leche: caso de un establo comercial del valle de Huaura, Perú

The aim of this research was to determine the genetic and phenotypic trends for milk production (MP) of Holstein cows from a commercial herd in the Huaura Valley, Peru. A total of 2,590 females (cows and calves) were evaluated to calculate the estimated breeding values (EBV) and 2,862 standardized lactations at 305 days and two daily milkings, from the first to the fifth calving of 1,892 cows from 1999 to 2017, using a repeated-measures animal model. A heritability (h2) of 0.16 (standard error 0.03) and repeatability (r) of 0.28 (0.025) were estimated with the ASReml software. The trends were estimated by linear regression using the SAS statistical package v.9.4. The EBV for MP of the cows and calves had an average of +200.9 (16.1) kg and +148.7 (9.7) kg, respectively, with more than 70 % positive values among living animals. The genetic trend for female MP was -2.4 (2.1) kg/year. A phenotypic trend for MP of +294.3 (24.9) kg/year was estimated. It is concluded that the phenotypic trend is favorable due to improvements in non-genetic aspects, since h2 indicates that MP is mainly influenced by environmental variance and, to a lesser extent, by the additive genetic variance of the trait. The genetic trend for female MP was negative. However, the EBV for MP of living females suggests that in the future, the herd may increase the genetic trend for MP.El objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar la tendencia genética y fenotípica de la producción de leche (PL) de vacas Holstein de un establo del valle de Huaura, Perú. Se evaluaron 2.590 hembras (vacas y terneras) para el cálculo de los valores genéticos estimados (VGE) y 2.862 lactaciones estandarizadas a 305 días y dos ordeños diarios, del primer al quinto parto de 1.892 vacas del periodo 1999-2017, mediante un modelo animal de medidas repetidas. Con el software ASReml, se estimó una heredabilidad (h2) de 0,16 (error estándar 0,03) y una repetibilidad (r) de 0,28 (0,025). Las tendencias se estimaron mediante regresión lineal usando el paquete estadístico SAS v.9.4. Los VGE para la PL de las vacas y terneras tienen una media de +200,9 (16,1) kg y +148,7 (9,7) kg, respectivamente, con más del 70 % de valores positivos. La tendencia genética para PL de las hembras fue -2,4 (2,1) kg/año. Se estimó una tendencia fenotípica para PL de +294,3 (24,9) kg/año. Se concluye que la tendencia fenotípica es favorable debido a mejoras en aspectos no genéticos, ya que la h2 indica que la PL está influenciada principalmente por el ambiente y, en menor medida, por la varianza genética aditiva del carácter. La tendencia genética para la PL de hembras fue negativa. Sin embargo, los VGE para PL de las hembras vivas sugieren que a futuro, el establo puede incrementar la tendencia genética para PL

Body Dissatisfaction and Body-Related Attentional Bias: Is There a Causal Relationship?

Previous research has shown an association between body dissatisfaction and attentional biases toward the body, but the nature of this relationship is not clear. It is possible that dissatisfaction causes attentional bias or that dissatisfaction is a result of such bias. To clarify the causal relationship between these two variables, this study manipulated dissatisfaction in a sample of healthy women by exposing them to images of “ideal” bodies and observed whether this manipulation increased attentional biases toward different body parts. Fifty-seven women took part in a pre–post experimental design in which they observed an avatar representing themselves in a virtual mirror before and after being exposed to “thin ideal” photographs. Eye-tracking technology was employed to quantify the frequency and duration of fixations on weight-related and weight-unrelated body parts. The outcomes revealed a successful induction of body dissatisfaction, leading participants to display a heightened number of fixations and prolonged fixation durations on unrelated-weight body parts. These findings remained significant after controlling for the effects of trait body dissatisfaction and body mass index. The results imply that heightened body dissatisfaction fosters the aversion of attention from weight-related body parts, which may function as a protective mechanism for preserving self-esteem and promoting psychological well-being

Extraction of pharmaceuticals from hospital wastewater with eutectic solvents and terpenoids: Computational, experimental, and simulation studies

The presence of pharmaceuticals in wastewater, mainly in hospital wastewater, is a serious environmental concern, as they are not removed by conventional processes in wastewater treatment plants and are discharged into the natural environment. This work proposes extracting drugs from hospital wastewater using natural, renewable, and non-toxic solvents such as terpenes and eutectic solvents. First, molecular simulation has been used with the COSMO-RS method performing a massive screening of 43 terpenes, 11 eutectic solvents, and 5 conventional solvents with 31 common pharmaceuticals. The most promising solvents in the screening have been chosen to extract 11 pharmaceuticals simultaneously. Experimental tests with ultrapure water and real hospital wastewater matrices showed a strong influence of pH and matrix on extraction. Under the optimal conditions, global pharmaceutical extraction yields with carvacrol of 94.16 % and the eutectic solvent thymol + dodecanoic acid of 96.86 % were obtained. The regeneration and reuse of both solvents were studied in 5 consecutive stages, showing the carvacrol's high stability and regenerability. Using carvacrol, countercurrent extraction tests showed a fast mass transfer of pharmaceuticals and high extraction yields using low solvent-to-feed (S/F) ratios. The predictions obtained with COSMO-RS were similar to the experimental results, confirming the reliability of this method for selecting alternative solvents for the extraction of pharmaceuticals. Finally, the drug removal process was simulated in a countercurrent extraction. The complete removal of pharmaceuticals from hospital wastewater could be achieved using carvacrol with an S/F of 2.00 at pH 4.00 in an extractor with six equilibrium stagesP2018/EMT-4341, PR65/19-22441, CTM2017-84033-

Actas de las Jornadas Turismo, Comunidades y Ruralidad: debates y construcción de sentidos desde los territorios

Este libro de actas condensa los trabajos presentados en las Jornadas “Turismo, comunidades y ruralidad” llevadas a cabo entre el 6 y 8 de mayo de 2021, el cual refleja un estado de situación en torno al entrecruzamiento de estas variables y una puesta en debate de temas que desde la organización se consideró relevante plantear. Los y las panelistas y expositores desarrollaron aspectos vinculados al Turismo Rural Comunitario que desde sus variadas experiencias y coordenadas geográficas proponen reflexiones acerca de cómo desarrollar, gestionar y evaluar propuestas turísticas en las que las comunidades sean protagonistas y no meras espectadoras o destinatarias. Asimismo 12 experiencias territoriales fueron presentadas por actores y actoras comunitarias, dando lugar a los relatos de las experiencias desde su propia voz. Estas experiencias fueron reseñadas para este libro, adjuntando los enlaces a los videos de sus presentaciones.Facultad de Ciencias Económica

Circulating extracellular vesicle proteins and microRNA profiles in subcortical and cortical-subcortical ischaemic stroke

In order to investigate the role of circulating extracellular vesicles (EVs), proteins, and microRNAs as damage and repair markers in ischaemic stroke depending on its topography, subcor-tical (SC), and cortical-subcortical (CSC) involvement, we quantified the total amount of EVs using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique and analysed their global protein content using proteomics. We also employed a polymerase chain reaction to evaluate the circulating microRNA profile. The study included 81 patients with ischaemic stroke (26 SC and 55 CSC) and 22 healthy controls (HCs). No differences were found in circulating EV levels between the SC, CSC, and HC groups. We detected the specific expression of C1QA and Casp14 in the EVs of patients with CSC ischaemic stroke and the specific expression of ANXA2 in the EVs of patients with SC involvement. Patients with CSC ischaemic stroke showed a lower expression of miR-15a, miR-424, miR-100, and miR-339 compared with those with SC ischaemic stroke, and the levels of miR-339, miR-100, miR-199a, miR-369a, miR-424, and miR-15a were lower than those of the HCs. Circulating EV proteins and microRNAs from patients with CSC ischaemic stroke could be considered markers of neurite outgrowth, neurogenesis, inflammation process, and atherosclerosis. On the other hand, EV proteins and microRNAs from patients with SC ischaemic stroke might be markers of an anti-inflammatory process and blood–brain barrier disruption reduction.This work was sponsored by a grant from Miguel Servet (CP15/00069; CPII20/00002 to María Gutiérrez-Fernández), Miguel Servet (CP20/00024 to Laura Otero-Ortega), a predoctoral fellowship (FI17/00188 to Mari Carmen Gómez-de Frutos; FI18/00026 to Fernando Laso-García), a Sara Borrell postdoctoral fellowship (CD19/00033 to María Pérez-Mato), a Río Hortega (CM20/00047 to Elisa Alonso-López) and the INVICTUS PLUS network grant (RD16/0019/0005) from the Carlos III Health Institute Health Care Research Fund and was co-funded by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF)

Presentación y principales reflexiones de las Jornadas como espacio de intercambio académico-territorial

Las 1ras Jornadas de “Turismo, comunidades y ruralidad” se gestaron y realizaron durante la pandemia Covid-19 a partir del esfuerzo del trabajo en red de docentes investigadores de cuatro centros de educación superior: Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Universidad Nacional de Tres de Febrero y de la Fundación Buenavida y la Red Argentina de Turismo Rural Comunitario (RATURC). Durante el transcurso de las mismas se contó con la presencia de 275 participantes en la plataforma zoom y con entre 40 y 100 por mesa de trabajo. Asimismo, las mesas de trabajo, paneles y conferencias fueron transmitidos en vivo por YouTube, donde se contó con una amplia y diversa audiencia.Facultad de Ciencias Económica

Function of Armcx3 and Armc10/svh genes in the regulation of progenitor proliferation and neural differentiation in the chicken spinal cord

The eutherian X-chromosome specific family of Armcx genes has been described asoriginating by retrotransposition from Armc10/SVH, a single Arm-containing somaticgene. Armcx3 and Armc10/SVH are characterized by high expression in the centralnervous system and they play an important role in the regulation of mitochondrialdistribution and transport in neurons. In addition, Armcx/Arm10 genes have severalArmadillo repeats in their sequence. In this study we address the potential role of thisgene family in neural development by using the chick neural tube as a model. Weshow that Armc10/SVH is expressed in the chicken spinal cord, and knocking-downArmc10/SVH by sh-RNAi electroporation in spinal cord reduces proliferation of neuralprecursor cells (NPCs). Moreover, we analyzed the effects of murine Armcx3 andArmc10 overexpression, showing that both proteins regulate progenitor proliferation,while Armcx3 overexpression also specifically controls neural maturation. We showthat the phenotypes found following Armcx3 overexpression require its mitochondriallocalization, suggesting a novel link between mitochondrial dynamics and regulation ofneural development. Furthermore, we found that both Armcx3 and Armc10 may act asinhibitors of Wnt-β-catenin signaling. Our results highlight both common and differentialfunctions of Armcx/Armc10 genes in neural development in the spinal cord

Similarities and differences in extracellular vesicle profiles between ischaemic stroke and myocardial infarction

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are involved in intercellular signalling through the transfer of molecules during physiological and pathological conditions, such as ischaemic disease. EVs might therefore play a role in ischaemic stroke (IS) and myocardial infarction (MI). In the present study, we analysed the similarities and differences in the content of circulating EVs in patients with IS and MI. This prospective observational study enrolled 140 participants (81 patients with IS, 37 with MI and 22 healthy controls [HCs]). We analysed the protein and microRNA content from EVs using proteomics and reverse transcription quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and compared it between the groups. In the patients with IS and MI, we identified 14 common proteins. When comparing IS and MI, we found differences in the protein profiles (apolipoprotein B, alpha-2-macroglobulin, fibronectin). We also found lower levels of miR-340 and miR-424 and higher levels of miR-29b in the patients with IS and MI compared with the HCs. Lastly, we found higher miR-340 levels in IS than in MI. In conclusion, proteomic and miRNA analyses suggest a relationship between circulating EV content and the patient’s disease state. Although IS and MI affect different organs (brain and heart) with distinct histological characteristics, certain EV proteins and miRNAs appear to participate in both diseases, while others are present only in patients with ISThis work was sponsored by a grant from Miguel Servet (CP15/00069 to María Gutiérrez- Fernández), a predoctoral fellowship (FI17/00188 to Mari Carmen Gómez-de Frutos;FI18/00026 to Fernando Laso-García), a Sara Borrell postdoctoral fellowship (CD19/00033 to María Pérez-Mato), the INVICTUS PLUS network grant (RD16/0019/0005) from the Carlos III Health Institute Health Care Research Fund and was co-funded by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) and Juan de la Cierva postdoctoral fellowship (IJCI-2017-33505 to Laura Otero-Ortega, Spanish State Research Agency) and the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovatio

Ciencia, Ficción y Diseño: saberes tridimensionales y seres post robóticos

3er Coloquio Fortalecimiento de los Colectivos de Docencia.Presentación que muestran el proceso del diseño: la narrativa de la imagen, la imaginación y creatividad, y el proceso de diseño. De esta manera se valora mucho el proceso de diseño, la correcta documentación, se reconoce el método empleado, como parte fundamental del proceso de diseño. Se considera principalmente lo valioso del aprendizaje por sobre los productos y resultados como el objetivo del proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje

Study of radiactivity on Arctic marine seaweed from Kongsfjorden (Svalbard)

Levels of natural and anthropogenic radionuclides have been determined in six brown and red seaweed species from Arctic coasts (Kongsfjorden, Spitsbergen, Svalbard Islands) in order to characterize the radioactivity in this ecosystem. Samples were collected in September 2014, August 2017 and July 2019. Levels of 7Be, 40K, 208Tl, 210Pb, 226Ra and 228Ra were measured by high-resolution gamma spectrometry. While anthropogenic radionuclides (1 4 C and 1 2 9 I) were determined by low-energy accelerator mass spectrometry (LEAMS). The activities of 129I are two orders of magnitude higher than those found in algae collected on the Spanish Atlantic Coast and presents more variability than the 14C results, indicating their different affinity to this element depending on the species. Radionuclide tracers discharged from Sellafield and La Hague are transported into the Arctic Ocean where they circulate at different depth levels, marking water of Atlantic origin (Karcher et al., 2012).Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech. Proyecto CGL2015/67014