MANAGEMENT LEARNING: AN ANALYTICAL APPROACH TO TEACHING METHODOLOGIES ASSOCIATED WITH COGNITIVE CAPABILITIES

The learning within the major universities in the entire world goes through a specific problem: the lack of effectiveness in the teaching-learning process. Thus, in order to develop theories and proposals to improve this process, as part of the management learning; this following article aims to develop a bibliographic analysis that associate teaching methodologies with cognitive capabilities, to create a structural map of teaching activities that guide the learning process in classroom, basing on student characteristics. From this, this study starts from the premise that the learning process should be used as a strategy for planning the teaching-learning process. Through a specific analysis of parsimonious character and theoretically grounded, it is understood a series of learning activities appropriate to cognitive abilities, so that proposed here a functionalist model of teaching and learning that seeks greater usefulness in the transfer of knowledge in classroom

Airflow-Restricting Mask Reduces Acute Performance in Resistance Exercise

Background: The aim of this study was to compare the number of repetitions to volitional failure, the blood lactate concentration, and the perceived exertion to resistance training with and without an airflow-restricting mask. Methods: Eight participants participated in a randomized, counterbalanced, crossover study. Participants were assigned to an airflow-restricting mask group (MASK) or a control group (CONT) and completed five sets of chest presses and parallel squats until failure at 75% one-repetition-maximum test (1RM) with 60 s of rest between sets. Ratings of perceived exertion (RPEs), blood lactate concentrations (Lac(-)), and total repetitions were taken after the training session. Results: MASK total repetitions were lower than those of the CONT, and (Lac(-)) and MASK RPEs were higher than those of the CONT in both exercises. Conclusions: We conclude that an airflow-restricting mask in combination with resistance training increase perceptions of exertion and decrease muscular performance and lactate concentrations when compared to resistance training without this accessory. This evidence shows that the airflow-restricting mask may change the central nervous system and stop the exercise beforehand to prevent some biological damage.Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Grp Studies & Res Exercise Physiol GEPEFEX, BR-11015020 Sao Paulo, BrazilCruzeiro Univ, Inst Phys Act Sci & Sport, BR-03342000 Sao Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Grp Studies & Res Exercise Physiol GEPEFEX, Postgrad Program Human Movement Sci & Rehabiltat, BR-11015020 Sao Paulo, BrazilGroup of Studies and Research in Exercise Physiology (GEPEFEX), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo 11.015-020, BrazilPostgraduate Program in Human Movement Sciences and Rehabilitation, Group of Studies and Research in Exercise Physiology (GEPEFEX), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São PauloWeb of Scienc

Prevalence and control of hypertension in the elderly: a population study

RESUMO - Objetivo: Estimar a prevalência de hipertensão arterial sistêmica (HAS) e fatores associados em idosos de Campina Grande/Paraíba. Métodos: Estudo transversal, de base populacional. Foram verificadas prevalências de HAS diagnosticada, referida, controlada e associações com variáveis sociodemográficas. Resultados: Foram avaliados 806 idosos. A HAS diagnosticada associou-se ao sexo feminino, grupo etário 70-79 anos e menos de 8 anos de estudo. A HAS referida associou-se ao sexo feminino e à etnia não branca. A HAS controlada associou-se à etnia branca e a 8 anos ou mais de estudo. Conclusão: Idosos apresentaram elevadas prevalências de HAS e baixo controle da doença.ABSTRACT - Objective: To estimate the prevalence of high blood pressure (HBP) and associated factors in older subjects of Campina Grande/Paraíba. Methods: This is a cross-sectional population-based study. Prevalence of diagnosed, self-reported and controlled HBP and associations with sociodemographic variables were observe. Results: This study included 806 older subjects. Diagnosed HBP was associated with female gender, age group 70-79 years and schooling less than 8 years of study. Self-reported HBP was associated with female gender and nonwhite ethnicity. Controlled hypertension was associated with white ethnicity and schooling of eight years or more. Conclusion: Elderly subjects in this study showed high prevalence of hypertension and poor control of the disease.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Disposições Valorativas entre Empreendedores Informais Brasileiros

Studies on entrepreneurial behaviour are neglecting various psychosocial specificities related to the informal entrepreneurship. Therefore, this study aimed to understand the behaviour of informal entrepreneurs through its values provisions that are underlying. For this, we counted with the participation of 173 informal entrepreneurs from three cities at the state of Alagoas, in which they are 84 (48.6%) men and 89 (51.4%) women, aged 14-70 years (M = 39.83, SD = 0.90). Participants were asked to answer to (1) the Basic Values Questionnaire and (2) the Socio-demographic Questionnaire. Informal entrepreneurs surveyed had value patterns with materialistic motivating and central guiding principle, being the Existence values (m = 6.277) more driven – Survival and Maturity values as priorities –, associated to a strong correlation with the Promotion values (r = 0.446; p = 0.000), which shows up congruent with what the literature attributes to the entrepreneur prototype. The study provided explanations on possible sociological and anthropological explainers for the informal entrepreneurship, about the structural nature of self-employment in Brazil, such as the difficulty in entering the formal labour market, the need for survival and the culture of informality linked to the construct of the Brazilian Jeitinho.Estudos sobre o comportamento empreendedor vêm negligenciando diversas especificidades psicossociais ligadas ao empreendedorismo informal. Diante disso, este estudo objetivou compreender o comportamento de empreendedores informais por meio das suas disposições valorativas subjacentes. O estudo contou com a participação de 173 empreendedores informais, dos quais 84 (48,6%) homens e 89 (51,4%) mulheres, com idade variando de 14 a 70 anos (M = 39,83; DP = 0,90). Os participantes foram solicitados a responder (1) ao Questionário dos Valores Básicos e (2) ao Questionário Sociodemográfico. Os empreendedores informais apresentaram padrões valorativos com motivador materialista e critério orientador central, sendo a subfunção Existência (m = 6,277) a mais acionada – valores Sobrevivência e Maturidade como prioritários –, associada a uma forte correlação com a subfunção Realização (r = 0,446; p = 0,000), o que se mostra congruente com o que a literatura atribui para o protótipo empreendedor. O estudo permitiu a discussão sobre possíveis explicadores sociológicos e antropológicos para o empreendedorismo informal, acerca da natureza do autoemprego no Brasil, como a dificuldade de inserção no mercado de trabalho, a necessidade de sobrevivência e a cultura da informalidade atrelada ao constructo do Jeitinho brasileiro

Métodos alternativos para estimar a velocidade da máxima fase estável de lactato em adultos jovens fisicamente ativos

The aim of this study was to compare the velocities found in the protocols used to measure the indirect individual anaerobic threshold (IATind), glucose threshold (GT) and critical velocity (CV) with the gold standard, the maximum lactate steady state (MLSS) protocol. Fourteen physically active young adults (23±3.1 years; 72±10.97 kg; 176±7 cm; 21±5.36% body fat) performed a 3000-m track running test to determine IATind using the prediction equation and an incremental test on a treadmill to determine GT. The CV was identified by linear regression of the distance-time relationship based on 3000-m and 500-m running performance. The MLSS was identified using two to five tests on different days to identify the intensity at which there was no increase in blood lactate concentration greater than 1 mmol/L between the 10th and 30th minute. A significant difference was observed between mean CV and MLSS (P≤0.05) and there was a high correlation between MLSS and IATind (R2=0.82; P≤0.01) and between MLSS and GT (R2=0.72; P≤0.01). The Bland-Altman method showed agreement between MLSS and IATind [mean difference -0.24 (confidence interval -1.72 to 1.24) km/h] and between MLSS and GT [0.21 (-1.26 to 1.29) km/h]. We conclude that the IATind and GT can predict MLSS velocity with good accuracy, thus making the identification of MLSS practical and efficient to prescribe adequate intensities of aerobic exercise.O objetivo do presente estudo foi comparar as velocidades encontradas nos protocolos de Limiar Anaeróbio Individual Indireto (LAIind), Limiar Glicêmico (LG) e Velocidade Crítica (VC) com o padrão ouro, o protocolo de identificação da máxima fase estável do lactato (MFEL). Participaram 14 adultos jovens fisicamente ativos (23±3,1 anos; 72±10,97 kg; 1,76±0,07 m; 21±5,36 % gordura corporal) que realizaram um teste de 3000m em pista para determinar o LAIind através de equação de predição; teste incremental em esteira ergométrica para determinação do LG; a VC foi identificada por regressão linear através da relação distância-tempo com base no desempenho em corridas nas distâncias de 3.000m e 500m; a MFEL foi identificada utilizando de dois a cinco testes em dias distintos até encontrar a intensidade onde não houve aumento da concentração de lactato sanguíneo maior que 1 mmol.L-1 entre os minutos 10 e 30. Houve diferença estatística entre os valores médios da VC e a MFEL (P≤0,05), elevada correlação entre MFEL e LAIind (R2=0,82; P≤0.01) e MFEL e LG (R2=0,72; P≤0.01). Através do método Bland-Altman foram encontradas as concordâncias entre MFEL e LAIind [diferença média -0,24 (intervalo de confiança -1,72 a 1,24) km/h] e MFEL e LG [0,21 (-1,26 a 1,29) km/h]. Concluímos que o LAIind e o LG são testes que podem predizer com boa precisão a velocidade da MFEL, tornando sua identificação prática e eficiente para prescrição de intensidades adequadas para o treinamento aeróbio.Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Faculdade Anhanguera de BauruUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Departamento de Ciências do Movimento HumanoUNIFESP, Depto. de Ciências do Movimento HumanoSciEL

Aspirações empreendedoras ao Franchising como primeiro negócio por alunos de Administração e do curso de Formação de Oficiais da Academia de Polícia

Analisando os conceitos do franchising sob diversos enfoques e as principais características relacionadas ao empreendedorismo, o presente estudo objetivou identificar a existência de relação entre as aspirações de abrir um franchising, devido às facilidades de gestão desse modelo de negócio, por alunos de Administração e alunos da formação de oficiais da Academia de Polícia. De caráter exploratório, o estudo foi conduzido de forma quantitativa por um levantamento survey. Os resultados apontaram que os alunos da Academia de Polícia tiveram respostas mais proativas e empreendedoras em relação aos alunos de Administração, embora, os resultados dos dois alunados possuírem algumas tendências congruentes sobre o Franchising. O que se depreende é que, em razão dos alunos da Academia de Polícia não terem conhecimentos sobre riscos empresariais, provavelmente, sejam impelidos a terem posicionamentos mais positivistas em relação à abertura de um negócio

Avaliação da reabilitação física e psicológica do paciente amputado por meio do trabalho multiprofissional: Evaluation of physical and pshychological rehabilitation in amputated patients by means of multiprofessional work

Introdução: O processo de amputação causa relevantes mudanças funcionais nos indivíduos amputados, além de causar complicações que interferem na reabilitação psicomotora e na qualidade de vida do paciente. Somado a isso, grande parcela dos amputados apresentam dor no membro fantasma a curto ou longo prazo, o que prejudica fases da reabilitação. Objetivo: Avaliar a reabilitação física e psicológica de pessoas amputadas através do trabalho multiprofissional visando à reinserção biopsicossocial do paciente. Métodos: Trata-se de estudo exploratório e prospectivo de delineamento transversal quali-quantitativo, onde foram avaliados, pacientes amputados e profissionais de saúde na Associação Norte Paranaense de Reabilitação de Maringá/PR por meio de questionários específicos, baseados na Teoria Cognitivo-Comportamental e em estudos farmacológicos. Os resultados foram armazenados através do Excel 2016 e, posteriormente, analisados com base nos estudos mais atuais sobre o assunto pesquisado. Resultados: A principal causa de amputação dos pacientes foi a diabetes. Além disso, observou-se que o trabalho multiprofissional se mostrou importante para a recuperação física e psicológica dos pacientes. Conclusão: O presente estudo conclui que a abordagem multiprofissional é essencial para a reabilitação do pacientes amputado a fim de promover uma melhora na qualidade de vida e promoção da saúde do paciente

MATERIALS MANAGEMENT: A REVERSE LOGISTICS CASE OF AGROTOXICS EMPTY CONTAINERS IN A SUGAR AND ALCOHOL COMPANY

With the advances in today's chemical pesticides, global agriculture has become extremely productive, which, from another point of view, brought many environmental problems, especially in relation to damage caused by pesticides and the improper disposal of their packages. Brazil, on the other hand, holds the world record in the collection and recycling of empty pesticides containers, which could only be configured within a process of compromise among all stakeholders: from the manufacturers of pesticides to the farmer (or rural enterprise). The objective of this study was to analyze the measures taken from storage, to transportation, and to collection posts of empty pesticides containers, by a large Brazilian sugar and ethanol company. The methodology has adopted of an exploratory nature within a qualitative approach, through a semi-structured interview with the logistics and material manager of the company investigated. It was found that the company follows a strict process of handling empty containers of pesticides, following the standards and laws of the country, aiming to achieve the ISO14000 certification, for the social compromise to the community in which it operates

Exosomes from patients with septic shock convey miRNAs related to inflammation and cell cycle regulation: new signaling pathways in sepsis?

Background: Exosomes isolated from plasma of patients with sepsis may induce vascular apoptosis and myocardial dysfunction by mechanisms related to inflammation and oxidative stress. Despite previous studies demonstrating that these vesicles contain genetic material related to cellular communication, their molecular cargo during sepsis is relatively unknown. In this study, we evaluated the presence of microRNAs (miRNAs) and messenger RNAs (mRNAs) related to inflammatory response and redox metabolism in exosomes of patients with septic shock. Methods: Blood samples were collected from 24 patients with septic shock at ICU admission and after 7 days of treatment. Twelve healthy volunteers were used as control subjects. Exosomes were isolated by ultracentrifugation, and their miRNA and mRNA content was evaluated by qRT-PCR array. Results: As compared with healthy volunteers, exosomes from patients with sepsis had significant changes in 65 exosomal miRNAs. Twenty-eight miRNAs were differentially expressed, both at enrollment and after 7 days, with similar kinetics (18 miRNAs upregulated and 10 downregulated). At enrollment, 35 differentially expressed miRNAs clustered patients with sepsis according to survival. The pathways enriched by the miRNAs of patients with sepsis compared with control subjects were related mostly to inflammatory response. The comparison of miRNAs from patients with sepsis according to hospital survival demonstrated pathways related mostly to cell cycle regulation. At enrollment, sepsis was associated with significant increases in the expression of mRNAs related to redox metabolism (myeloperoxidase, 64-foldPRDX3, 2.6-foldSOD2, 2.2-fold) and redox-responsive genes (FOXM1, 21-foldSELS, 16-foldGLRX2, 3.4-fold). The expression of myeloperoxidase mRNA remained elevated after 7 days (65-fold). Conclusions: Exosomes from patients with septic shock convey miRNAs and mRNAs related to pathogenic pathways, including inflammatory response, oxidative stress, and cell cycle regulation. Exosomes may represent a novel mechanism for intercellular communication during sepsis.Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP)Research and Education Institute, Hospital Sirio-LibanesHosp Sirio Libanes, Res & Educ Inst, Rua Prof Daher Cutait 69, BR-01539001 Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilUniv Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo State Canc Inst, Sao Paulo, BrazilHosp Serv Publ Estadual Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed Minas Gerais, Inst Ciencias Biol, Morphol Dept, Belo Horizonte, MG, BrazilUniv Sao Paulo, Sch Med, Heart Inst, Lab Immunol, Sao Paulo, BrazilUniv Estadual Paraiba, Ctr Ciencias & Tecnol, Campina Grande, BrazilLudwig Inst Canc Res, Sao Paulo, BrazilAC Camargo Canc Ctr, Int Res Ctr, Sao Paulo, BrazilUniv Sao Paulo, Sch Med, Div Clin Immunol & Allergy, Sao Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, BrazilUniv Sao Paulo, Emergency Med, Sao Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, BrazilFAPESP: 10/52554-1Web of Scienc

Planejamento de Questionários: Unificando conhecimentos em Pesquisa de Mercado e Psicometria

Neste estudo, são apresentadas especificidades práticas para a construção de questionários para fins técnicos e/ou acadêmicos, considerando a funcionalidade e a contextualização com a pesquisa em administração. A partir disso, propôs-se aprofundar teoricamente a operacionalização de questionários como instrumentos de pesquisa. Com base em um estudo bibliográfico, discutem-se o planejamento adequado de instrumentos para a triagem, a construção, a aplicação (levantamento) e as possibilidades analíticas, considerando os conceitos de fidedignidade, validade e precisão. Foram utilizados exemplos da literatura para demonstrar a aplicação profícua de questionários em contexto gerenciais. Como contribuição, este estudo avança na compilação de conhecimentos em psicometria e pesquisa de mercado, que possibilitam um espectro mais amplo para a usabilidade de instrumentos para a tomada de decisão com maior robustez metodológica. English Abstract In this study, practical specifics on developing questionnaires for technical and/or academic purposes are presented, considering the functionality and contextualization in administration research. From this, it was proposed to theoretically deepen the questionnaires operationalization as research instruments. Based on a bibliographic study, we discussed the proper planning of instruments for sorting, construction, application (survey) and analytical possibilities, considering the concepts of reliability, validity, and precision. Examples from the literature were used to demonstrate the useful application of questionnaires in managerial contexts. As a contribution, this study advances in the compilation of knowledge in psychometrics and marketing research, which enable a broader spectrum on the usability of instruments for decision making with greater methodological robustness