EFEITO DO PROGRAMA DE JOGGING SOBRE A GORDURA VISCERAL DO ALMAJIRAI EM TSANGAYA NA METRÓPOLE DE GUSAU, NIGÉRIA

This study therefore assessed the effect of jogging programme on visceral fat of Almajirai in Tsangaya in Gusau Metropolis, Nigeria. For the purpose of this study, a 1x2 x3 factorial research design was used. The population are Almajirai who are gardi in Gusau Metropolis within the ages of 13-15 years, stratified sampling and simple random sampling technique were used to select 48 Gardi Almajirai in Gusau metropolis who volunteered to participate in the study. Hand-held Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis device was used to assess visceral fat. All of these Girdi Almajirai were found to have met the inclusion criteria and were all assigned to the jogging programme and the baseline values were used as the control. All exercise sessions were preceded by 10 minutes warm-up; the programme lasted between 30 and 45 minutes, which ended with a cool down session. All exercise sessions were conducted between 5.30p.m - 6.00p.m on alternate days every Monday, Wednesday and Friday of the consecutive weeks. Training intensity was maintained between 50-65% of estimated HR max  for 4 weeks and which was increased progressively from 60-70% from the 5 to 8 weeks of training. The data collected were statistically analyzed using repeated measured ANOVA and scheffe post hoc test was used to locate where significant effect lies at level of 0.05. The result of the study revealed that jogging had significant effect on visceral fat p=0.001. It was recommended that Adolescent almajirai should participate every day in 45 minutes or more of moderate to vigorous physical activity that is enjoyable and developmentally appropriate.Este estudo avaliou, portanto, o efeito do programa de jogging na gordura visceral de Almajirai em Tsangaya, na Metrópole de Gusau, Nigéria. Para o propósito deste estudo, foi utilizado um projeto de pesquisa fatorial de 1x2 x3. A população é de Almajirai que é gardi na metrópole de Gusau dentro dos 13-15 anos de idade, amostragem estratificada e técnica simples de amostragem aleatória foram usadas para selecionar 48 Gardi Almajirai na metrópole de Gusau que se voluntariaram para participar do estudo. O dispositivo de Análise de Impedância Bioelétrica manual foi usado para avaliar a gordura visceral. Verificou-se que todas estas Girdi Almajirai cumpriram os critérios de inclusão e foram todas designadas para o programa de jogging e os valores de base foram usados como controle. Todas as sessões de exercício foram precedidas de 10 minutos de aquecimento; o programa durou entre 30 e 45 minutos, o que terminou com uma sessão de resfriamento. Todas as sessões de exercícios foram realizadas entre 17h30min e 18h00min em dias alternados, todas as segundas, quartas e sextas-feiras das semanas consecutivas. A intensidade de treinamento foi mantida entre 50-65% do RH máximo estimado por 4 semanas e que foi aumentado progressivamente de 60-70% das 5 a 8 semanas de treinamento. Os dados coletados foram analisados estatisticamente usando ANOVA medida repetidamente e o teste post-hoc de esquema foi usado para localizar onde o efeito significativo está no nível de 0,05. O resultado do estudo revelou que o jogging teve efeito significativo sobre a gordura visceral p=0,001. Foi recomendado que o adolescente almajirai participasse todos os dias em 45 minutos ou mais de atividade física moderada a vigorosa que seja agradável e apropriada para o desenvolvimento

COPD exacerbations in general practice: variability in oral prednisolone courses

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The use of oral corticosteroids as treatment of COPD exacerbations in primary care is well established and evidence-based. However, the most appropriate dosage regimen has not been determined and remains controversial. Corticosteroid therapy is associated with a number of undesirable side effects, including hyperglycaemias, so differences in prescribing might be relevant. This study examines the differences between GPs in dosage and duration of prednisolone treatment in patients with a COPD exacerbation. It also investigates the number of general practitioners (GPs) who adjust their treatment according to the presence of diabetic co-morbidity.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Cross-sectional study among 219 GPs and 25 GPs in training, located in the Northern part of the Netherlands.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The response rate was 69%. Nearly every GP prescribed a continuous dose of prednisolone 30 mg per day. Among GPs there were substantial differences in treatment duration. GPs prescribed courses of five, seven, ten, or fourteen days. A course of seven days was most common. The duration of treatment depended on exacerbation and disease severity. A course of five days was especially prescribed in case of a less severe exacerbation. In a more severe exacerbation duration of seven to fourteen days was more common. Hardly any GP adjusted treatment to the presence of diabetic co-morbidity.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Under normal conditions GPs prescribe prednisolone quite uniformly, within the range of the current Dutch guidelines. There is insufficient guidance regarding how to adjust corticosteroid treatment to exacerbation severity, disease severity and the presence of diabetic co-morbidity. Under these circumstances, there is a substantial variation in treatment duration.</p

Microstructural, thermal, and electrical properties of Bi1.7V0.3Sr2Ca2Ca3Ox glass-ceramic superconductor

Kayed, Tarek S/0000-0003-3482-4166; Ercan, ismail/0000-0001-6490-3792; Sert, Selin Cavdar/0000-0001-6952-3895; KORALAY, HALUK/0000-0001-7893-344XWOS: 000225681100003A glass-ceramic Bi1.7V0.3Sr2Ca2Cu3Ox superconductor was prepared by the melt-quenching method. The compound was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction, differential thermal analysis, current-voltage characteristics, transport resistance measurements, and Hall effect measurements. Two main phases (BSCCO 2212 and 2223) were observed in the x-ray data and the values of the lattice parameters quite agree with the known values for 2212 and 2223 phases. The glass transition temperature was found to be 426 degreesC while the activation energy for crystallization of glass has been found to be E-a = 370.5 kJ / mol. This result indicates that the substitution of vanadium increased the activation energy for the BSCCO system. An offset T-c of 80 K was measured and the onset T-c was 100 K. The Hall resistivity rho(H) was found to be almost field-independent at the normal state. A negative Hall coefficient was observed and no sign reversal of rho(H) or RH could be noticed. The mobility and carrier density at different temperatures in the range 140-300 K under different applied magnetic fields up to 1.4 T were also measured and the results are discussed

Preventing Hospitalizations From Acute Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Chronic obstructive lung disease is among the leading causes of adult hospital admissions and readmissions in the United States. Preventing acute exacerbations is the primary approach in therapy. Combinations of smoking cessation, pulmonary rehabilitation, vaccinations and inhaled and oral medications may all reduce the overall risk of acute exacerbations. When prevention is unsuccessful, treatment of exacerbations often does not require hospitalization but can be safely executed in the outpatient setting. In the patient who does not require mechanical ventilation or who manifests respiratory acidosis, oxygen supplementation, frequent short-acting inhaled bronchodilators, oral corticosteroids and often antibiotics can abort the decompensation and sometimes return the patient to his or her pre-attack baseline lung function. Several models exist for delivering this care in the ambulatory setting. Follow-up care after an exacerbation has resolved is important, though there are few hard data suggesting which approach is best in this setting