Rehabilitación bucal de la amelogénesis imperfecta en dentición primaria con silicona de adición transparente

La amelogénesis imperfecta comprende un grupo heterogéneo de defectos del esmalte de origen genético, con alteraciones en el proceso de formación del tejido adamantino. La silicona de adición transparente es un elastómero que permite la creación de matrices para la reconstrucción estética empleando composites fotopolimerizables. Describe la rehabilitación bucal con coronas de resina compuesta confeccionadas con matrices de silicona de adición transparente en una niña en dentición primaria con diagnóstico de amelogénesis imperfecta tipo hipoplásica para mejorar su calidad de vida. Presenta el caso de una paciente de sexo femenino de 3 años y 6 meses que llega al Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño por dolor a la masticación, se aprecia ausencia generalizada del esmalte en todas las coronas dentarias y compromiso pulpar en varias de ellas. Con la evaluación clínicaradiográfica, el historial familiar y la interconsulta al servicio de genética se hizo el diagnóstico definitivo de amelogénesis imperfecta tipo hipoplásica por lo que se planificó para la rehabilitación colocar coronas de resina compuesta confeccionadas con matrices de silicona de adición transparente. Concluye que la confección de coronas de resina compuesta empleando matrices de silicona de adición transparente tuvo un efecto clínicamente positivo en la rehabilitación bucal de una paciente con amelogénesis imperfecta tipo hipoplásica en dentición primaria, además se contribuyó a mejorar su calidad de vida. Se requieren investigaciones con un mayor nivel de evidencia en el manejo de técnicas rehabilitadoras para este tipo de amelogénesis imperfecta en dentición primaria

Infection process of Phakopsora gossypii in cotton leaves

Tropical rust caused by the biotrophic fungus Phakopsora gossypii is an emerging disease in cotton that has caused significant yield losses of crop/cotton cultivated in Brazil. Considering the current importance of tropical rust and the need to obtain additional basic information about its causal agent to better control this disease, the present study aimed to determine the infection process of P. gossypii in cotton leaves using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Thirty-day-old plants were inoculated with a suspension of P. gossypii uredospores, and leaf fragments were collected 42 h after inoculation (hai) as well as 20, 25 and 35 days after inoculation (dai) for SEM observations. By 42 hai, the uredospores of P. gossypii had germinated and produced a germ tube and an appressorium that may directly penetrate the leaf cuticle. At 20 dai, closed uredia containing uredospores were observed on the abaxial leaf surface. At 25 dai, the uredia started to open and became fully open by 35 dai and contained many uredospores. By 25 dai, fungal hyphae were growing abundantly in the mesophyll next to the uredia that formed in the leaf fragments with total or partial removal of the epidermis. The results of the present study provide novel information regarding the infection process of P. gossypii in cotton leaves, which might be useful for the development of new and more effective strategies for tropical rust control

Optimización de despacho para la gestión de una micro red aislada en el sector de Salache.

This research addresses the problem that the microgrid located on the Salache campus of the Technical University of Cotopaxi (UTC) does not have an optimization model, since the maximum power generated by the photovoltaic system is not used and it is not managed by a Adequate way, so that the cost of electrical energy is as low as possible when it is required to connect to the conventional network, the objective is to analyze the optimization proposal to achieve optimal energy management in the micro-network through a mathematical model and a control algorithm. This study was carried out using the Matlab / Simulink simulation software, which allowed simulating the microgrid system and evaluating the performance of the MPPT control algorithm (maximum power point tracker), for this the photovoltaic panel was modeled, regulator of load and single-phase inverter. For the optimization, the Fico Xpress Optimizer program was used, which allowed solving the mathematical model proposed by linear programming to supply the electricity demand at a lower operating cost of the microgrid. As a result of the MPPT control algorithm, the maximum power is extracted from the solar panel to the battery charging system, under any environmental condition (solar radiation, partial shading or temperature). Finally, through the mathematical model, the generation of the photovoltaic system, the charging and discharging of the batteries and the electrical energy network were managed in an adequate way. Obtained the results for the proper configuration of the micro network.La presente investigación aborda la problemática que la micro red ubicada en el campus Salache de la Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi (UTC) no posee un modelo de optimización, ya que no se aprovecha la máxima potencia que genera el sistema fotovoltaico y no se gestiona de una forma adecuada, para que el costo de la energía eléctrica sea lo más bajo posible cuando se requiera conectar a la red convencional, como objetivo se tiene analizar la propuesta de optimización para lograr una gestión óptima de energía en la micro red mediante un modelo matemático y un algoritmo de control. Este estudio se realizó mediante el software de simulación Matlab/Simulink, que permitió simular el sistema de la micro red y evaluar el desempeño del algoritmo de control MPPT (seguidor del punto de máxima potencia), para esto se modeló el panel fotovoltaico, regulador de carga y el inversor monofásico. Para la optimización se utilizó el programa Fico Xpress Optimizer, que permitió resolver el modelo matemático planteado mediante programación lineal para abastecer la demanda eléctrica a un menor costo de operación de la micro red. Como resultado del algoritmo de control MPPT se extrae la máxima potencia del panel solar al sistema de carga de baterías, ante cualquier condición ambiental (radiación solar, sombreado parcial o temperatura). Finalmente, a través del modelo matemático se gestionó de forma adecuada la generación del sistema fotovoltaico, carga y descarga de las baterías y la red de energía electríca. Obtenido los resultados para la configuración adecuada de la micro red

Biodisponibilidade da Matéria Orgânica dos Sedimentos Superficiais da Baía de Guanabara, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

Thirty superficial sediment samples were collected in Guanabara Bay in order to identify new trophic state and environmental quality descriptors for coastal systems. A biochemical approach was used for analyzing the quality and quantity of sedimentary organic matter and metabolic bacterial activity. The samples were analyzed for particle size; organic matter, protein, carbohydrate, lipid, biopolymeric carbon, and bioavailable carbon levels; and bacterial metabolic activity. The results show a homogeneous spatial distribution for the anaerobic bacteria web and for biopolymers (carbohydrates>;lipids>;protein). The NE area of the bay displayed sediment lipid levels above 1 mg/g, indicative of organic sewage input. Spatial distribution of the superficial sediments in relation to other variables was not significant (p>;0.05). Biopolymers and labile organic matter showed a significant correlation with the average particle size of 80% of the fine particles. Despite the availability of labile organic matter, under the form of biopolymeric carbon, only 50% of the carbon was available to the trophic web. The bacterial consortia formed by sulfate reducing and denitrifying bacteria sustain the benthic trophic food web in Guanabara Bay.Foram coletadas 30 amostras de sedimentos superficiais na Baía de Guanabara, com o objetivo de identificar novos descritores de estado trofico e qualidade ambiental do ecossistema costeiro, usando análises bioquímicas para quantificar e qualificar a matéria orgânica sedimentar e o metabolismo bacteriano. Foram analisados a granulometria, teor de matéria orgânica, teores de proteínas, carboidratos, lipídeos, cabono biopolimérico, carbono biodisponível e atividade metabólica bacteriana. Os resultados mostraram uma distribuição espacial homogênea para a teia bacteriana anaeróbia e os biopolímeros (carboidratos>;lipídeos>;proteínas). O NE da Baía apresentou teores de lipídeos acima de 1 mg/g de sedimento, indicativo de aporte de esgoto orgânico. A distribuição espacial dos sedimentos superficiais em relação às variáveis não apresentou significância (p>;0,05). Os biopolímeros e a matéria orgânica apresentaram correlação significativa com a granulometria média de 80% dos finos. Apesar da disponibilidade de matéria orgânica lábil, sob a forma de carbono biopolimérico, o carbono disponível para a teia trófica está em torno de 50%. O consórcio bacteriano formado por bactérias sulfato redutoras e desnitrificantes sustentam a teia trófica bêntica da Baía de Guanabara

El contrabando de petróleo y su impacto en la evasión tributaria de las empresas pesqueras de la ciudad de Tumbes, 2021

El trabajo tuvo como propósito determinar en qué medida el contrabando de petróleo impacta en la evasión tributaria de las empresas pesqueras de la ciudad de Tumbes, 2021. La investigación es aplicada y explicativa por tratar de explicar que el consumo de combustible con contrabando permite la evasión tributaria de las embarcaciones pesqueras con diseño de un solo grupo con observación, además; la población estuvo constituida por los 128 propietarios de las embarcaciones pesqueras de la región Tumbes (según registro del Gobierno Regional de Tumbes) con una muestra no probabilística y a conveniencia de 10 declaraciones fiscales de los propietarios de las embarcaciones pesqueras. La información obtenida fue procesada empleando el software IBM SPPS. Los resultados permitieron contrastar la hipótesis y confirmar que el contrabando de petróleo impacta en el aumento de la evasión tributaria en las empresas pesqueras de la ciudad de Tumbes, ya que en promedio cada embarcación obtiene 90,000 soles más de utilidad con el uso del petróleo de contrabando en sus faenas, lo cual conlleva a una evasión de impuesto a la renta de 42,000 soles aproximadamente por embarcación, que multiplicado por las 128 embarcaciones suma 5 millones 376 mil soles que no se está tributando de manera anual . Así mismo con la aplicación de la prueba T- Student, se determinó un valor de P = 0.002 < 0.05, lo cual permitió confirmar la diferencia significativa en las utilidades de petróleo con contrabando y sin contrabando. La investigación deriva la conclusión, que la actividad ilícita del contrabando de petróleo en los trabajos de pesca en la región Tumbes, es significativo, impactando de manera negativa en la recaudación de impuestos.The purpose of the work was to determine to what extent oil smuggling impacts tax evasion of fishing companies in the city of Tumbes, 2021. The research is applied and explanatory because it tries to explain that smuggled fuel consumption allows evasion tributary of fishing vessels with a single group design with observation, in addition; The population consisted of the 128 owners of the fishing vessels in the Tumbes region (according to the Tumbes Regional Government registry) with a non probabilistic sample and at the convenience of 10 tax declarations of the owners of the fishing vessels. The information obtained was processed using the IBM SPPS software. The results allowed us to test the hypothesis and confirm that oil smuggling impacts on the increase in tax evasion in the fishing companies of the city of Tumbes, since on average each vessel obtains 90,000 soles more in profit with the use of smuggled oil. in their tasks, which leads to an income tax evasion of approximately 42,000 soles per vessel, which multiplied by the 128 vessels adds up to 5 million 376 thousand soles that is not being taxed annually. Likewise, with the application of the T-Student test, a value of P = 0.002 < 0.05 was determined, which allowed confirming the significant difference in oil profits with and without smuggling. The investigation derives the conclusion that the illegal activity of oil smuggling in fishing operations in the Tumbes region is significant, negatively impacting tax collection.Tesi

Papilomatosis múltiple de la mama. A propósito de un caso

We present the case of a patient who comes to the Breast Oncology Surgery Service for presenting a small palpable lump in the right breast associated with nipple discharge. Mammography, breast ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging workup revealed multiple nodular lesions in the right breast associated with ductal ectasia that compromised a large volume of breast. A single lesion suspicious for malignancy, was found in the left breast. The clinical and imaging diagnosis was multiple papillomatosis, findings that were confirmed by percutaneous biopsies of the most representative nodules in the right breast and the single lesion in the left breast. The importance of presenting this case lies in the fact that, multiple papillomatosis is an infrequent pathology, considered a high-risk lesion, with the possibility of being associated with a malignant neoplasm or becoming malignant over time, and there is no defined consensus for its management and follow-up.Se presenta el caso de una paciente que acude al Servicio de Cirugía Oncológica de Mamas, por presentar un pequeño tumor palpable en mama derecha asociado a telorrea. En los exámenes diagnósticos de mamografía, ecografía mamaria y resonancia magnética, se evidenciaron múltiples lesiones nodulares en mama derecha asociados a ectasia ductal que comprometían gran parte del tejido glandular. En la mama izquierda se encontró una lesión única, sospechosa de malignidad. &nbsp;El diagnóstico clínico y por imágenes fue de papilomatosis múltiple, hallazgos que fueron confirmados mediante biopsias percutáneas de los nódulos más representativos en mama derecha y de la lesión única de mama izquierda. La importancia de presentar este caso es porque la papilomatosis múltiple es una patología infrecuente, considerada como lesión de alto riesgo, con posibilidad de estar asociada a neoplasia maligna o a malignizarse en el tiempo, no habiendo un consenso definido para su manejo y seguimiento

Productivity of cedar Australian ministumps in function of the initial nutrient.

O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a produtividade de minicepas de cedro-australiano em função do teor inicial de nutrientes em dois sistemas de minijardim multiclonal, conduzidos em canaletão e tubetes. Foi determinada a produtividade de miniestacas em 186 minicepas em cada sistema de manejo e os teores de nutrientes nas brotações emitidas por 20 minicepas selecionadas ao acaso em cada sistema. Foram realizadas cinco coletas de brotações em intervalos médios de 32 dias no sistema canaletão, enquanto no sistema tubete foram realizadas três coletas de brotações em intervalos médios de 31 dias. O número de miniestacas produzidas por minicepa foi correlacionado com o teor inicial de nutrientes da parte apical das mudas. A produtividade de minicepas de cedro-australiano manejadas em sistema canaletão e em tubetes está relacionada à nutrição mineral. Assim, níveis elevados de nutrientes nas minicepas favorecem o ganho em produtividade. Dessa forma, a reposição dos nutrientes conforme a exportação descrita favorecerá o aumento da produtividade das minicepas nos dois sistemas de produção.AbstractProductivity of cedar Australian ministumps in function of the initial nutrient. The aim of this research was to evaluate the productivity of Australian cedar ministumps in function of the initial content of nutrients in two systems of multiclonal minigarden; the experiment was conducted in tray and tubes. We determined the yield of minicuttings in 186 ministumps in each management system and the nutrient contents in shoots issued for 20 ministumps randomly selected in each system. We made a total of five collections of shoots in intervals of 32 days in the tray system, while in the cartridges system we made three collections of shoots in intervals of 31 days. The number of minicuttings produced by mini-stump was correlated with the initial content of nutrients in the apical part of seedlings. The productivity of australian cedar ministumps managed under tray and tubes is related to mineral nutrition. Thus, high levels of nutrients work in favor of ministumps gain in productivity. As result, the recovery of export nutrients, as described, work in favor of increased productivity of ministumps in both systems.Keywords: Vegetative propagation; Toona ciliata; multiclonal minigarden; mineral nutriton.Abstract The aim of this research was to evaluate the productivity of Australian cedar ministumps in function of the initial content of nutrients in two systems of multiclonal minigarden; the experiment was conducted in tray and tubes. We determined the yield of minicuttings in 186 ministumps in each management system and the nutrient contents in shoots issued for 20 ministumps randomly selected in each system. We made a total of five collections of shoots in intervals of 32 days in the tray system, while in the cartridges system we made three collections of shoots in intervals of 31 days. The number of minicuttings produced by mini-stump was correlated with the initial content of nutrients in the apical part of seedlings. The productivity of australian cedar ministumps managed under tray and tubes is related to mineral nutrition. Thus, high levels of nutrients work in favor of ministumps gain in productivity. As result, the recovery of export nutrients, as described, work in favor of increased productivity of ministumps in both systems

Organic and conventional yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis A. St. Hil) improves metabolic redox status of liver and serum in Wistar rats

Organic and conventional yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis) is widely used in South America to prepare nonalcoholic drinks rich in polyphenols. These compounds are able to prevent the generation of reactive species, thus minimizing the incidence of several diseases. In this perspective, we hypothesized that yerba mate may have protective effects against pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-induced oxidative damage in liver and serum of rats. Animals (n = 42) received distilled water (control) or yerba mate (organic or conventional) for fifteen days. Then, half of the rats of each group received 60 mg/kg PTZ intraperitoneally or saline solution. After 30 min the animals were euthanized and the liver and blood were collected. The results showed that organic and conventional yerba mate avoided PTZ-induced oxidative damage and nitric oxide production in the liver and serum of the rats. Moreover, both kinds of yerba mate prevented the decrease in enzymatic (superoxide dismutase and catalase) and non-enzymatic (sulfhydryl protein content) defenses in the liver and serum. In addition, histopathologic analysis of the liver showed that yerba mate reduced PTZ-induced cell damage. These findings indicate that yerba mate provides hepatoprotection and improves antioxidant status in the serum, which may contribute to the development of new therapeutic strategies using nutraceuticals drinks

Homozygous Inactivating Mutation In Nanos3 In Two Sisters With Primary Ovarian Insufficiency.

Despite the increasing understanding of female reproduction, the molecular diagnosis of primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) is seldom obtained. The RNA-binding protein NANOS3 poses as an interesting candidate gene for POI since members of the Nanos family have an evolutionarily conserved function in germ cell development and maintenance by repressing apoptosis. We performed mutational analysis of NANOS3 in a cohort of 85 Brazilian women with familial or isolated POI, presenting with primary or secondary amenorrhea, and in ethnically-matched control women. A homozygous p.Glu120Lys mutation in NANOS3 was identified in two sisters with primary amenorrhea. The substituted amino acid is located within the second C2HC motif in the conserved zinc finger domain of NANOS3 and in silico molecular modelling suggests destabilization of protein-RNA interaction. In vitro analyses of apoptosis through flow cytometry and confocal microscopy show that NANOS3 capacity to prevent apoptosis was impaired by this mutation. The identification of an inactivating missense mutation in NANOS3 suggests a mechanism for POI involving increased primordial germ cells (PGCs) apoptosis during embryonic cell migration and highlights the importance of NANOS proteins in human ovarian biology.201478746

Estandarización de un modelo de cáncer de colon en ratones BALB/c

Introduction: colon cancer occupies the first place within the neoplasias of the digestive system and the second among all the onco-proliferative processes in both sexes. For the evaluation of vaccines and molecular mechanisms specific to the disease, murine models are frequently used, and there is no animal model standardized for these purposes in this context.Objective: to standardize a RCC model by implanted cells, stable, reproducible and susceptible to be used in later studies.Method: young female BALB / c mice were distributed in two control (n = 9) and one (n = 9) groups to which subcutaneous (ectopic) CT 26 cells were inoculated. After 35 days euthanasia was practiced and the morphological characteristics and the presence of spontaneous metastases in tumors were studied.Results: in the animals of the study group, subcutaneous nodules with the characteristics of a low-grade colon adenocarcinoma were found, which were responsible for the weight gain observed in the study group, which was evidenced when the tumors were removed from the group. The weights of the organs studied were increased by tumor influences, but only spontaneous metastases were found in the lungs.Conclusions: with this study it was possible to standardize a stable, reproducible and susceptible RCC model per implanted cell, which could be used in subsequent studies. Introducción: el cáncer de colon ocupa el primer lugar dentro de las neoplasias del sistema digestivo y el segundo entre todos los procesos oncoproliferativos en ambos sexos.  Para la evaluación de vacunas y mecanismos moleculares propios de la enfermedad se emplean frecuentemente modelos murinos, no existiendo en nuestro contexto un modelo animal estandarizado con estos fines. Objetivo: estandarizar un modelo de cáncer colorrectal por células implantadas, estable, reproducible y susceptible de emplearse en estudios ulteriores.Métodos: fueron utilizados ratones BALB/c hembras jóvenes distribuidos en dos grupos uno control (n=9) y otro estudio de n=9 a las cuales se les inoculó células de CT 26 por vía subcutánea (ectópico). Transcurridos 35 días se practicó la eutanasia y se estudiaron las características morfológicas y la presencia de metástasis espontáneas en los tumores. Resultados: en los animales del grupo estudio se encontraron nódulos subcutáneos con las características de un adenocarcinoma de colon poco diferenciado, que fueron responsables del aumento de peso observado en el grupo estudio, lo cual se evidenció al extraer los tumores de dicho grupo. Los pesos de los órganos estudiados sufrieron un incremento por influencias del tumor, pero solo se encontraron metástasis espontáneas en los pulmones.Conclusiones: con la realización de este estudio, fue posible la estandarización de un modelo de cáncer colorrectal por célula implantada, estable, reproducible y susceptible de emplearse en estudios ulteriores