Terrestrial biosphere changes over the last 120 kyr

A new global synthesis and biomization of long (> 40 kyr) pollen-data records is presented and used with simulations from the HadCM3 and FAMOUS climate models and the BIOME4 vegetation model to analyse the dynamics of the global terrestrial biosphere and carbon storage over the last glacial–interglacial cycle. Simulated biome distributions using BIOME4 driven by HadCM3 and FAMOUS at the global scale over time generally agree well with those inferred from pollen data. Global average areas of grassland and dry shrubland, desert, and tundra biomes show large-scale increases during the Last Glacial Maximum, between ca. 64 and 74 ka BP and cool substages of Marine Isotope Stage 5, at the expense of the tropical forest, warm-temperate forest, and temperate forest biomes. These changes are reflected in BIOME4 simulations of global net primary productivity, showing good agreement between the two models. Such changes are likely to affect terrestrial carbon storage, which in turn influences the stable carbon isotopic composition of seawater as terrestrial carbon is depleted in 13C

Revista de Vertebrados de la Estación Biológica de Doñana

Descripción de una nueva subespecie de lagarto ágil (Lacerta agilis garzoni) de los PirineosDiet of the Montagu's Harrier (Circus pygargus) in southwestern Spain SpainObservaciones ornitológicas en la Guayana francesaDaily feeding rhythm of ducks on the marismas of the Guadalquivir and their responses to birds of preyA note on the emetic technique for obtaining food samples from passerine birds.Distribución de contaminantes organoclorados en tejidos de garza imperial (Ardea purpurea) y pato cuchara (Anas clypeata) de la Reserva Biológica de Doñana.Etograma cuantificado del gamo (Dama dama) en libertad.Peer reviewe

Mixed-effects models for health care longitudinal data with an informative visiting process: A Monte Carlo simulation study.

Electronic health records are being increasingly used in medical research to answer more relevant and detailed clinical questions; however, they pose new and significant methodological challenges. For instance, observation times are likely correlated with the underlying disease severity: Patients with worse conditions utilise health care more and may have worse biomarker values recorded. Traditional methods for analysing longitudinal data assume independence between observation times and disease severity; yet, with health care data, such assumptions unlikely hold. Through Monte Carlo simulation, we compare different analytical approaches proposed to account for an informative visiting process to assess whether they lead to unbiased results. Furthermore, we formalise a joint model for the observation process and the longitudinal outcome within an extended joint modelling framework. We illustrate our results using data from a pragmatic trial on enhanced care for individuals with chronic kidney disease, and we introduce user-friendly software that can be used to fit the joint model for the observation process and a longitudinal outcome

Terahertz spectroscopy of explosives and drugs

Terahertz frequency radiation possesses a unique combination of desirable properties for noninvasive imaging and spectroscopy of materials. This includes the ability to obtain chemical and structural information about substances concealed within dry packaging, such as paper, plastics, and cardboard. As a result, the application of terahertz frequency spectroscopy for the sensing and identification of materials of security interest, such as explosives and, to a lesser extent, drugs-of-abuse, has caught the attention of a number of researchers and security agencies. We describe terahertz time-domain spectroscopy and examine the terahertz spectra of a wide range of drugs-of-abuse, pure explosives, and plastic explosives

Ordre local dans les polyanilines

La comparaison des spectres IR et Raman de basses fréquences permet de discuter les structures locales des différentes formes de polyanilines à la lumière de composés modèles (diphénylamine, N,N'-diphényl-1,4-phenylenediamine, oligomère)

Liaison hydrogène, mobilité protonique, structure et transfert électronique dans les polyanilines

Des modèles structuraux moléculaires de diverses polyanilines (formes neutres et salines, dérivés orthosubstitués par les groupements méthyl, methoxy, le chlore ou le fluor) sous forme de films obtenus par évaporation du NMP ou de poudres broyées ou non sont proposés et discutés sur la base des résultats de diffraction RX et de spectroscopie IR et Raman. Ces modèles sont utilisés pour rendre compte des propriétés conductrices, électroniques et protoniques

Polymorphism and disorder in oligo- and poly-anilines

International audienc

Inelastic neutron scattering study of proton dynamics in polyanilines

International audienc