Recreating the bond with the nature : neoxtractivism and production of the common in debate

El presente artículo se refiere a una investigación realizada durante 2020 y 2021 en el marco de la monografía final de grado de la Licenciatura en Trabajo Social. Se realizó un estudio respecto a las prácticas de producción de lo común que existen en el Área Protegida Paso Centurión (Cerro Largo, Uruguay), con relación a las dinámicas neoextractivistas que son impuestas por la industria forestal (forestación) en el territorio, en donde adquiere relevancia la experiencia de las mujeres de la zona. Para ello se conceptualiza el neoextractivismo y el caso uruguayo, y se continúa con miradas desde lo común en diálogo con los ecofeminismos y las relaciones sociedad-naturaleza. La estrategia metodológica consistió en el análisis de los discursos de la población local y de la interpretación de datos estadísticos respecto al tema. Se culmina con reflexiones acerca de la relación entre la cuestión social y la cuestión ambiental desde el trabajo social.The present article refers to an investigation carried out during 2020 and 2021 within the framework of the final degree monograph of the Bachelor’s Degree in Social Work. A study has been conducted on common production practices that exist in Paso Centurión Protected Area (Cerro Largo, Uruguay), regarding the neoextractivist dynamics imposed by the forest industry (afforestation) in the territory, where the experience of women in the area becomes relevant. Therefore, neoextractivism is conceptualized together with the Uruguayan case, followed by the perspective of the common in dialogue with the ecofeminisms to reinvent society-nature relationships. The methodological strategy consisted in the analysis of the discourses of the local population, and the interpretation of statistical data concerning the subject. It culminates with reflections about the relationship between the social and the environmental issues in the context of social work

Procedimento para pagamento e cobrança da contribuição sindical na Lei 24.642. Sua inconstitucionalidade

La ley 24.642 establece el denominado procedimiento de ejecución o apremio, a los efectos de percibir, por parte de la Asociación Sindical, la denominada cuota de contribución gremial que efectúa el afiliado, y que retiene el empleador. Este sistema establece que en caso de adeudarse la o las cuotas, el sindicato puede ejecutar al empleador si omitió retenerlas. Este título ejecutivo por el cual el sindicato inicia la ejecución, pide embargo y cobra las cuotas de afiliación impagas, con defensas muy limitadas del deudor La norma en cuestión al margen de equiparar los efectos procesales al juicio de apremio (art. 5º), fija competencia distintas y optativas, a criterio claro está del ejecutante (Asociación Sindical) en la que expresamente en los ámbitos provinciales, se ha excluido a la Justicia del Trabajo. Resulta inconstitucional la ley en cuestión, porque con su enunciado se arroga una facultad no delegada por los gobiernos provinciales al gobierno Federal.Law 24.642 establishes the enforcement procedure for the purpose of collecting, by the Trade Union, the union contribution fee that the affiliate performs, and which the employer retains. This system establishes that in the event of owing these installments, the Union can execute the employer if it failed to retain them. This executive title, by which the Union starts this procedure, asks for seizure and collects unpaid membership fees, has very limited defenses of the debtor. The law in question establishes different and optional competences, at the discretion of the performer in which, specifically in the provincial areas, Labor Justice has been excluded. This law is unconstitutional, because with its enunciation a power is entrusted and not delegated by the provincial governments to the Federal government.A Lei 24.642 estabelece o chamado procedimento de execução ou urgência, a fim de perceber, pela Associação Sindical, a denominada cota de contribuição gremial que o associado efetua, e que o empregador retém. Este sistema estabelece que no caso de endividar-se a ou as cotas, o sindicato pode embargar ao empregador se este omitiu as retenções. Este titulo executivo pelo qual o sindicato inicia a execução, pede confisco e cobra as cotas de afiliação não pagas, com defesas muito limitadas por parte do devedor. A norma em questão estabelece competências diferentes e opcionais, de acordo com o claro critério do executante em que, especificamente nas áreas provinciais, a Justiça do Trabalho foi excluída. A lei em questão é inconstitucional, porque com a sua enunciação é confiado um poder não delegado pelos governos provinciais ao governo federal.Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociale

Procedimento para pagamento e cobrança da contribuição sindical na Lei 24.642. Sua inconstitucionalidade

La ley 24.642 establece el denominado procedimiento de ejecución o apremio, a los efectos de percibir, por parte de la Asociación Sindical, la denominada cuota de contribución gremial que efectúa el afiliado, y que retiene el empleador. Este sistema establece que en caso de adeudarse la o las cuotas, el sindicato puede ejecutar al empleador si omitió retenerlas. Este título ejecutivo por el cual el sindicato inicia la ejecución, pide embargo y cobra las cuotas de afiliación impagas, con defensas muy limitadas del deudor La norma en cuestión al margen de equiparar los efectos procesales al juicio de apremio (art. 5º), fija competencia distintas y optativas, a criterio claro está del ejecutante (Asociación Sindical) en la que expresamente en los ámbitos provinciales, se ha excluido a la Justicia del Trabajo. Resulta inconstitucional la ley en cuestión, porque con su enunciado se arroga una facultad no delegada por los gobiernos provinciales al gobierno Federal.Law 24.642 establishes the enforcement procedure for the purpose of collecting, by the Trade Union, the union contribution fee that the affiliate performs, and which the employer retains. This system establishes that in the event of owing these installments, the Union can execute the employer if it failed to retain them. This executive title, by which the Union starts this procedure, asks for seizure and collects unpaid membership fees, has very limited defenses of the debtor. The law in question establishes different and optional competences, at the discretion of the performer in which, specifically in the provincial areas, Labor Justice has been excluded. This law is unconstitutional, because with its enunciation a power is entrusted and not delegated by the provincial governments to the Federal government.A Lei 24.642 estabelece o chamado procedimento de execução ou urgência, a fim de perceber, pela Associação Sindical, a denominada cota de contribuição gremial que o associado efetua, e que o empregador retém. Este sistema estabelece que no caso de endividar-se a ou as cotas, o sindicato pode embargar ao empregador se este omitiu as retenções. Este titulo executivo pelo qual o sindicato inicia a execução, pede confisco e cobra as cotas de afiliação não pagas, com defesas muito limitadas por parte do devedor. A norma em questão estabelece competências diferentes e opcionais, de acordo com o claro critério do executante em que, especificamente nas áreas provinciais, a Justiça do Trabalho foi excluída. A lei em questão é inconstitucional, porque com a sua enunciação é confiado um poder não delegado pelos governos provinciais ao governo federal.Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociale

Procedimento para pagamento e cobrança da contribuição sindical na Lei 24.642. Sua inconstitucionalidade

La ley 24.642 establece el denominado procedimiento de ejecución o apremio, a los efectos de percibir, por parte de la Asociación Sindical, la denominada cuota de contribución gremial que efectúa el afiliado, y que retiene el empleador. Este sistema establece que en caso de adeudarse la o las cuotas, el sindicato puede ejecutar al empleador si omitió retenerlas. Este título ejecutivo por el cual el sindicato inicia la ejecución, pide embargo y cobra las cuotas de afiliación impagas, con defensas muy limitadas del deudor La norma en cuestión al margen de equiparar los efectos procesales al juicio de apremio (art. 5º), fija competencia distintas y optativas, a criterio claro está del ejecutante (Asociación Sindical) en la que expresamente en los ámbitos provinciales, se ha excluido a la Justicia del Trabajo. Resulta inconstitucional la ley en cuestión, porque con su enunciado se arroga una facultad no delegada por los gobiernos provinciales al gobierno Federal.Law 24.642 establishes the enforcement procedure for the purpose of collecting, by the Trade Union, the union contribution fee that the affiliate performs, and which the employer retains. This system establishes that in the event of owing these installments, the Union can execute the employer if it failed to retain them. This executive title, by which the Union starts this procedure, asks for seizure and collects unpaid membership fees, has very limited defenses of the debtor. The law in question establishes different and optional competences, at the discretion of the performer in which, specifically in the provincial areas, Labor Justice has been excluded. This law is unconstitutional, because with its enunciation a power is entrusted and not delegated by the provincial governments to the Federal government.A Lei 24.642 estabelece o chamado procedimento de execução ou urgência, a fim de perceber, pela Associação Sindical, a denominada cota de contribuição gremial que o associado efetua, e que o empregador retém. Este sistema estabelece que no caso de endividar-se a ou as cotas, o sindicato pode embargar ao empregador se este omitiu as retenções. Este titulo executivo pelo qual o sindicato inicia a execução, pede confisco e cobra as cotas de afiliação não pagas, com defesas muito limitadas por parte do devedor. A norma em questão estabelece competências diferentes e opcionais, de acordo com o claro critério do executante em que, especificamente nas áreas provinciais, a Justiça do Trabalho foi excluída. A lei em questão é inconstitucional, porque com a sua enunciação é confiado um poder não delegado pelos governos provinciais ao governo federal.Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociale

Políticas de conservación y producción agropecuaria: ¿Cómo se integran de los sistemas socio-productivos de Paso Centurión y Sierra de Ríos? Un abordaje desde la integralidad universitaria

El presente trabajo es producto de las prácticas desarrolladas en Paso Centurión y Sierra de Ríos, departamento de Cerro Largo, por un grupo interdisciplinario que comprende las facultades de Ciencias, Ciencias Sociales, y Psicología, a través de distintos proyectos financiados por la Universidad de la República (Udelar). El objetivo del equipo en territorio consistió en analizar, por un lado, los procesos de construcción de territorialidad en esta Área Protegida del Uruguay (Sistema Nacional de Áreas Protegidas), y por otro identificar tensiones entre los sistemas productivos y los sistemas de conservación ambiental. Para ello, se analizaron las pautas orientadas a la creación de un plan de manejo para el área, y se contrastó con la información de los sistemas socioproductivos de la zona. En los últimos 15 años Uruguay ha cambiado su producción agropecuaria propiciando un gran crecimiento del rubro forestal, en contraposición con la histórica tradición ganadera, así como también se han introducido cambios en relación con la conservación de áreas, a los cuales el departamento de Cerro Largo no ha sido ajeno. Los resultados obtenidos se analizaron según la categorización poblacional de las ruralidades uruguayas, identificando tensiones entre empresarios, familias productoras y asalariados rurales, con respecto a las dimensiones sociales, productivas, ambientales y económicas. La información relevada se obtuvo a través de: entrevistas a referentes de la zona, puesta de manifiesto del proyecto (instancias públicas), relevamientos en bases de datos de organismos públicos y estudios sobre sistemas socioproductivos en Uruguay. El resultado nos muestra un nudo principal de conflicto en la zona, vinculado a la producción forestal del sector empresarial y a la producción familiar ganadera. De la disputa de estas territorialidades surge el proceso de ingreso de Paso Centurión a los sistemas de conservación ambiental departamentales y nacionales

Integrin alpha-5 subunit is critical for the early stages of human pluripotent stem cell cardiac differentiation

The stem cell niche has a strong influence in the differentiation potential of human pluripotent stem cells with integrins playing a major role in communicating cells with the extracellular environment. However, it is not well understood how interactions between integrins and the extracellular matrix are involved in cardiac stem cell differentiation. To evaluate this, we performed a profile of integrins expression in two stages of cardiac differentiation: mesodermal progenitors and cardiomyocytes. We found an active regulation of the expression of different integrins during cardiac differentiation. In particular, integrin α5 subunit showed an increased expression in mesodermal progenitors, and a significant downregulation in cardiomyocytes. To analyze the effect of α5 subunit, we modified its expression by using a CRISPRi technique. After its downregulation, a significant impairment in the process of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition was seen. Early mesoderm development was significantly affected due to a downregulation of key genes such as T Brachyury and TBX6. Furthermore, we observed that repression of integrin α5 during early stages led to a reduction in cardiomyocyte differentiation and impaired contractility. In summary, our results showed the link between changes in cell identity with the regulation of integrin α5 expression through the alteration of early stages of mesoderm commitment.Fil: Neiman, Gabriel. Fundación para la Lucha contra las Enfermedades Neurológicas de la Infancia; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Scarafia, Maria Agustina. Fundación para la Lucha contra las Enfermedades Neurológicas de la Infancia; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: la Greca, Alejandro Damián. Fundación para la Lucha contra las Enfermedades Neurológicas de la Infancia; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Santín Velazque, Natalia Lucía. Fundación para la Lucha contra las Enfermedades Neurológicas de la Infancia; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Garate, Ximena. Fundación para la Lucha contra las Enfermedades Neurológicas de la Infancia; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Waisman, Ariel. Fundación para la Lucha contra las Enfermedades Neurológicas de la Infancia; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Möbbs, Alan Miqueas. Fundación para la Lucha contra las Enfermedades Neurológicas de la Infancia; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Kasai-Brunswick, Tais Hanae. Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; BrasilFil: Mesquita, Fernanda. Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; BrasilFil: Martire Greco, Daiana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Moro, Lucía Natalia. Fundación para la Lucha contra las Enfermedades Neurológicas de la Infancia; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Luzzani, Carlos Daniel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Fundación para la Lucha contra las Enfermedades Neurológicas de la Infancia; ArgentinaFil: Bastos Carvalho, Adriana. Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; BrasilFil: Sevlever, Gustavo. Fundación para la Lucha contra las Enfermedades Neurológicas de la Infancia; ArgentinaFil: Campos de Carvalho, Antonio. Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; BrasilFil: Guberman, Alejandra Sonia. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Miriuka, Santiago Gabriel. Fundación para la Lucha contra las Enfermedades Neurológicas de la Infancia; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

Planar Tc99m – sestamibi scintimammography should be considered cautiously in the axillary evaluation of breast cancer protocols: Results of an international multicenter trial

BACKGROUND: Lymph node status is the most important prognostic indicator in breast cancer in recently diagnosed primary lesion. As a part of an interregional protocol using scintimammography with Tc99m compounds, the value of planar Tc99m sestamibi scanning for axillary lymph node evaluation is presented. Since there is a wide range of reported values, a standardized protocol of planar imaging was performed. METHODS: One hundred and forty-nine female patients were included prospectively from different regions. Their mean age was 55.1 ± 11.9 years. Histological report was obtained from 2.987 excised lymph nodes from 150 axillas. An early planar chest image was obtained at 10 min in all patients and a delayed one in 95 patients, all images performed with 740–925 MBq dose of Tc99m sestamibi. Blind lecture of all axillary regions was interpreted by 2 independent observers considering any well defined focal area of increased uptake as an involved axilla. Diagnostic values, 95% confidence intervals [CI] and also likelihood ratios (LR) were calculated. RESULTS: Node histology demonstrated tumor involvement in 546 out of 2987 lymph nodes. Sestamibi was positive in 30 axillas (25 true-positive) and negative in 120 (only 55 true-negative). The sensitivity corresponded to 27.8% [CI = 18.9–38.2] and specificity to 91.7% [81.6–97.2]. The positive and negative LR were 3.33 and 0.79, respectively. There was no difference between early and delayed images. Sensitivity was higher in patients with palpable lesions. CONCLUSION: This work confirmed that non tomographic Tc99m sestamibi scintimammography had a very low detection rate for axillary lymph node involvement and it should not be applied for clinical assessment of breast cancer

The Variant rs1867277 in FOXE1 Gene Confers Thyroid Cancer Susceptibility through the Recruitment of USF1/USF2 Transcription Factors

In order to identify genetic factors related to thyroid cancer susceptibility, we adopted a candidate gene approach. We studied tag- and putative functional SNPs in genes involved in thyroid cell differentiation and proliferation, and in genes found to be differentially expressed in thyroid carcinoma. A total of 768 SNPs in 97 genes were genotyped in a Spanish series of 615 cases and 525 controls, the former comprising the largest collection of patients with this pathology from a single population studied to date. SNPs in an LD block spanning the entire FOXE1 gene showed the strongest evidence of association with papillary thyroid carcinoma susceptibility. This association was validated in a second stage of the study that included an independent Italian series of 482 patients and 532 controls. The strongest association results were observed for rs1867277 (OR[per-allele] = 1.49; 95%CI = 1.30–1.70; P = 5.9×10−9). Functional assays of rs1867277 (NM_004473.3:c.−283G>A) within the FOXE1 5′ UTR suggested that this variant affects FOXE1 transcription. DNA-binding assays demonstrated that, exclusively, the sequence containing the A allele recruited the USF1/USF2 transcription factors, while both alleles formed a complex in which DREAM/CREB/αCREM participated. Transfection studies showed an allele-dependent transcriptional regulation of FOXE1. We propose a FOXE1 regulation model dependent on the rs1867277 genotype, indicating that this SNP is a causal variant in thyroid cancer susceptibility. Our results constitute the first functional explanation for an association identified by a GWAS and thereby elucidate a mechanism of thyroid cancer susceptibility. They also attest to the efficacy of candidate gene approaches in the GWAS era

Dissecting the Shared Genetic Architecture of Suicide Attempt, Psychiatric Disorders, and Known Risk Factors

Background Suicide is a leading cause of death worldwide, and nonfatal suicide attempts, which occur far more frequently, are a major source of disability and social and economic burden. Both have substantial genetic etiology, which is partially shared and partially distinct from that of related psychiatric disorders. Methods We conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of 29,782 suicide attempt (SA) cases and 519,961 controls in the International Suicide Genetics Consortium (ISGC). The GWAS of SA was conditioned on psychiatric disorders using GWAS summary statistics via multitrait-based conditional and joint analysis, to remove genetic effects on SA mediated by psychiatric disorders. We investigated the shared and divergent genetic architectures of SA, psychiatric disorders, and other known risk factors. Results Two loci reached genome-wide significance for SA: the major histocompatibility complex and an intergenic locus on chromosome 7, the latter of which remained associated with SA after conditioning on psychiatric disorders and replicated in an independent cohort from the Million Veteran Program. This locus has been implicated in risk-taking behavior, smoking, and insomnia. SA showed strong genetic correlation with psychiatric disorders, particularly major depression, and also with smoking, pain, risk-taking behavior, sleep disturbances, lower educational attainment, reproductive traits, lower socioeconomic status, and poorer general health. After conditioning on psychiatric disorders, the genetic correlations between SA and psychiatric disorders decreased, whereas those with nonpsychiatric traits remained largely unchanged. Conclusions Our results identify a risk locus that contributes more strongly to SA than other phenotypes and suggest a shared underlying biology between SA and known risk factors that is not mediated by psychiatric disorders.Peer reviewe