186 research outputs found

    HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN DAN SIKAP PERAWAT TERHADAP TINDAKAN PENGURANGAN DAN PEMILAHAN LIMBAH B3 DI RUMAH SAKIT UMUM DAERAH NOONGAN

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    Kita tau bersama bahwa rumah sakit murupakan pusat pelayanan keshehatan kepada semua anggota masyarakat. Limbah B3 merupakan aktivitas yang di dalamnya mengandung kegiatan dalam pencegahan unsur-unsur bahan yang berbahaya, hal ini merupakan suatu dampak buruk bagi semua anggota masyarakat dan lingkungan sekitar oleh karena itu pencegahan limbah merupakan hal primer yang harus di terapkan bagi semua individu. Tujuan  penelitian ini adalah menganalisis jika ada hubungan antara pengetahuan dan sikap perawat terhadap tindakan dalam proses pengurangan dan pemilahan limbah B3 di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Noongan. Kategori dalam penelitian ini menggunakan proses penelitian observasional analitik dengan pola pendekatan cross-sectional dengan menggunakan uji Fisher’s Exact Tes. Sampel yang didapat dalam penelitian ini adalah 59 responden dan diambil dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Perilaku manusia dipe ngaruhi oleh beberapa faktor seperti pengetahuan, sikap, ketersediaan sarana serta peran tokoh masyarakat. Rumah sakit umum daerah noongan terletak di desa noongan, kecamatan langowan barat, kabupaten minahasa. Hasil penelitian berdasarkan tingkat pengetahuan, pengetahuan yang baik sebanyak 39 orang (66,1%), pengetahuan kurang baik sebanyak 20 orang (33,9%), berdasarkan sikap responden, sikap baik sebanyak 55 responden (93,2%), dan sikap kurang baik sebanyak 4 responden (6,8%), berdasarkan tindakan responden, tindakan baik sebanyak 49 responden (83,1%), dan tindakan kurang baik 10 responden (16,9%). Kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini adalah pengetahuan memiliki hubungan dengan tindakan pada perawat dalam pengurangan dan pemilahan limbah B3 (ρ = 0,023), sikap juga memiliki hubungan dengan tindakan pada perawat dalam pengurangan dan pemilahan limbah B3 (ρ = 0,013). Kata kunci : Pengetahuan, sikap, tindakan, pengurangan dan pemilahan limbah B3.  ABSTRACTWe know together that the hospital is a health service center for all members of the community. B3 waste is an activity in which it contains activities in the prevention of hazardous material elements, this is a bad impact for all members of the community and the surrounding environment, therefore prevention of waste is the primary thing that must be applied to all individuals. The purpose of this study was to analyze if there was a relationship between knowledge and attitudes of nurses towards actions in the process of reducing and sorting B3 waste at the Noongan Regional General Hospital. The categories in this study used the analytic observational research process with a cross-sectional approach pattern using the Fisher's Exact Test. The samples obtained in this study were 59 respondents and were taken using purposive sampling technique. Human behavior is influenced by several factors such as knowledge, attitude, availability of facilities and the role of community leaders. The noongan general hospital is located in the village of Noongan, sub-district Langowan Barat, district Minahasa. The results of the study were based on the level of knowledge, good knowledge as many as 39 people (66.1%), poor knowledge as many as 20 people (33.9%), based on respondents' attitudes, good attitudes as much as 55 respondents (93.2%), and attitudes not as good as 4 respondents (6.8%), based on respondent's actions, good actions as many as 49 respondents (83.1%), and unfavorable actions 10 respondents (16.9%). The conclusion in this study is that knowledge has a relationship with the actions of nurses in reducing and sorting B3 waste (ρ = 0.023), attitudes also have a relationship with actions on nurses in reducing and sorting B3 waste (ρ = 0.013). Keywords: Knowledge, attitudes, actions, reduction and sorting of B3 waste

    Hubungan Kontak Serumah, Luas Ventilasi, dan Suhu Ruangan dengan Kejadian Tuberkulosis Paru di Desa Wori

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    Sampai saat ini tuberkulosis (TB) paru masih merupakan masalah kesehatan di seluruh dunia termasuk di Indonesia. Upaya –upaya dalam mengeliminasi  kasus tuberkulosis paru di Indonesia masih mengalami banyak kendala. Faktor lingkungan sangat mempengaruhi tingginya prevalensi tuberkulosis paru. Dari 33 propinsi di Indonesia prevalensi tuberkulosis paru tertinggi berasal dari 3 propinsi yaitu DKI Jakarta, Banten, dan Sulawesi Utara. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adanya hubungan  antara kontak serumah dan faktor lingkungan fisik rumah dengan kejadian tuberkulosis paru di wilayah kerja puskesmas Wori. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian  cross sectional dengan variabel bebas yang diteliti ialah kontak serumah, luas ventilasi, dan suhu ruangan. Analisis dengan mengunakan uji chi square menunjukan bahwa ada hubungan kontak serumah dengan kejadian tuberkulosis paru dengan nilai p=0,016, sedangkan variabel luas ventilasi p=0,278 dan suhu ruangan  p=0,677 menunjukan tidak ada hubungan dengan kejadian tuberkulosis paru di desa Wori

    The neuroimmunology of chronic pain: from rodents to humans

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    Chronic pain, encompassing conditions, such as low back pain, arthritis, persistent post-surgical pain, fibromyalgia, and neuropathic pain disorders, is highly prevalent but remains poorly treated. The vast majority of therapeutics are directed solely at neurons, despite the fact that signaling between immune cells, glia, and neurons is now recognized as indispensable for the initiation and maintenance of chronic pain. This review highlights recent advances in understanding fundamental neuroimmune signaling mechanisms and novel therapeutic targets in rodent models of chronic pain. We further discuss new technological developments to study, diagnose, and quantify neuroimmune contributions to chronic pain in patient populations.Peter M. Grace, Vivianne L. Tawfik, Camilla I. Svensson, Michael D. Burton, Marco L. Loggia and Mark R. Hutchinso

    High prevalence of chitotriosidase deficiency in Peruvian Amerindians exposed to chitin-bearing food and enteroparasites

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    The human genome encodes a gene for an enzymatically active chitinase (CHIT1) located in a single copy on Chromosome 1, which is highly expressed by activated macrophages and in other cells of the innate immune response. Several dysfunctional mutations are known in CHIT1, including a 24-bp duplication in Exon 10 causing catalytic deficiency. This duplication is a common variant conserved in many human populations, except in West and South Africans. Thus it has been proposed that human migration out of Africa and the consequent reduction of exposure to chitin from environmental factors may have enabled the conservation of dysfunctional mutations in human chitinases. Our data obtained from 85 indigenous Amerindians from Peru, representative of populations characterized by high prevalence of chitin-bearing enteroparasites and intense entomophagy, reveal a very high frequency of the 24-bp duplication (47.06%), and of other single nucleotide polymorphisms which are known to partially affect enzymatic activity (G102S: 42.7% and A442G/V: 25.5%). Our finding is in line with a founder effect, but appears to confute our previous hypothesis of a protective role against parasite infection and sustains the discussion on the redundancy of chitinolytic function

    Promised Land? Immigration, Religiosity, and Space in Southern California

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    This article looks at how immigrants and their supporters appropriate and use religious space and other public spaces for religious and socio-political purposes in Southern California. While the everyday living conditions of many immigrants, particularly the unauthorized Latino immigrants, force unto them an embodied disciplinarity that maintains spatialities of restricted citizenship, the public appropriations of space for and through religious practices allow for them -even if only momentarily -to express an embodied transgression. This practice in public space helps realize spaces of freedom and hope, however ephemerally. Potentially, these rehearsing exercises can help revert internalized disempowering subjectivities and create social empowerment. Negative stereotypes about immigrants held by the larger public can also be challenged through these spatial practices, as the public demonstrations make visible the invisible. We focus on “Posadas Without Borders” and “the New Sanctuary Movement,” considering both the role of progressive civic and religious institutions in supporting immigrants and the agency of the immigrants themselves. The theoretical analysis builds on concepts drawn from a conversation between geography and religious and theological studies. We use a triangulated methodological approach that includes observation and participant observation, content-analysis of multimedia, interviews, and intellectual advocacy for the immigrant movement. The cases discussed here show that progressive religious groups and coalitions can be important allies to progressive planners, geographers, and policy makers in advancing social and environmental justice for the disenfranchised. They also show that the theological underpinnings of such groups share a lot in common with planning epistemologies for the just city

    Evidence for exercise-based interventions across 45 different long-term conditions: an overview of systematic reviews

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    Background: Almost half of the global population face significant challenges from long-term conditions (LTCs) resulting in substantive health and socioeconomic burden. Exercise is a potentially key intervention in effective LTC management. Methods: In this overview of systematic reviews (SRs), we searched six electronic databases from January 2000 to October 2023 for SRs assessing health outcomes (mortality, hospitalisation, exercise capacity, disability, frailty, health-related quality of life (HRQoL), and physical activity) related to exercise-based interventions in adults (aged >18 years) diagnosed with one of 45 LTCs. Methodological quality was assessed using AMSTAR-2. International Prospective Resister of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) ID: CRD42022319214. Findings: Forty-two SRs plus three supplementary RCTs were included, providing 990 RCTs in 936,825 people across 39 LTCs. No evidence was identified for six LTCs. Predominant outcome domains were HRQoL (82% of SRs/RCTs) and exercise capacity (66%); whereas disability, mortality, physical activity, and hospitalisation were less frequently reported (≀25%). Evidence supporting exercise-based interventions was identified in 25 LTCs, was unclear for 13 LTCs, and for one LTC suggested no effect. No SRs considered multimorbidity in the delivery of exercise. Methodological quality varied: critically-low (33%), low (26%), moderate (26%), and high (12%). Interpretation: Exercise-based interventions improve HRQoL and exercise capacity across numerous LTCs. Key evidence gaps included limited mortality and hospitalisation data and consideration of multimorbidity impact on exercise-based interventions

    Role of genetic testing for inherited prostate cancer risk: Philadelphia prostate cancer consensus conference 2017

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    Purpose: Guidelines are limited for genetic testing for prostate cancer (PCA). The goal of this conference was to develop an expert consensus-dri

    The interruptive effect of pain in a multitask environment: An experimental investigation

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    UNLABELLED: Daily life is characterized by the need to stop, start, repeat, and switch between multiple tasks. Here, we experimentally investigate the effects of pain, and its anticipation, in a multitask environment. Using a task-switching paradigm, participants repeated and switched between 3 tasks, of which 1 predicted the possible occurrence of pain. Half of the participants received low intensity pain (N = 30), and half high intensity pain (N = 30). Results showed that pain interferes with the performance of a simultaneous task, independent of the pain intensity. Furthermore, pain interferes with the performance on a subsequent task. These effects are stronger with high intensity pain than with low intensity pain. Finally, and of particular importance in this study, interference of pain on a subsequent task was larger when participants switched to another task than when participants repeated the same task. PERSPECTIVE: This article is concerned with the interruptive effect of pain on people's task performance by using an adapted task-switching paradigm. This adapted paradigm may offer unique possibilities to investigate how pain interferes with task performance while people repeat and switch between multiple tasks in a multitask environment
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