Calidad de vida en adultos mayores con enfermedades crónico degenerativas

Introduction: Quality of life (QoL), a wide-ranging concept that is complexly affected by physical health, physiological status, level of independence, social relationships and the relationship with their environment. (WHO, 2002) and Older Adult (AM): person 60 years of age or older according to NOM-031-SSA3-2012. Objective: To describe the quality of life in older adults with chronic-degenerative diseases. Material and Methods: Quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional study, non-probabilistic sample at the convenience of 300 AM, from Michoacán, Liere Ambrosio's Scale of Coexistence with Chronic Process (EC-PC) (2017) was used, with 26 items, divided into five domains. Results: female sex 40%(120); 50.6%(152) aged 64-71 years, 39%(117) married, on CV 16.7%(5) low adaptation; 73.3%(22) high acceptance in VC associated with chronic-degenerative diseases in VC 22.7(68) low VC and 77.3%(232) high VC. Discussion: the results of this study were contrary to what was reported by Jiménez, Casado, Santos, Jiménez and Hernández (2019) showed that QoL was perceived as deficient at the expense of satisfaction with their health in the majority of AM. Conclusion: Coexistence with a chronic process is complex, requires comprehensive care, centered on the person, and nursing has a key role in caring for the AM.Calidad de vida (CV) concepto de amplio alcance que está integrado de forma compleja por la salud física, estado fisiológico, nivel de independencia, relaciones sociales y la relación con su entorno.” (OMS, 2002) y Adulto Mayor (AM): es la persona de 60 años o más de edad según la NOM-031-SSA3-2012. Objetivo: Describir la calidad de vida en adultos mayores con enfermedades crónico-degenerativas. Material y Métodos: Estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo, transversal, muestra no probabilística a conveniencia de 300 AM de Michoacán, se utilizó Escala de Convivencia con Proceso Crónico (EC-PC) de Liere Ambrosio (2017), con 26 ítems, divididos en cinco dominios. Resultados: sexo femenino 40%(120); 50.6%(152) edad 65-71 años, 39%(117) casados, sobre CV 16.7%(5) baja adaptación; 73.3%(22) alta aceptación en CV asociada a enfermedades crónico-degenerativas en CV 22.7(68) baja CV y 77.3%(232) alta CV. Discusión: los resultados de este estudio, fueron contrarios a lo reportado por Jiménez, Casado, Santos, Jiménez y Hernández (2019) mostraron que la CV fué percibida como deficiente a expensas de la satisfacción con su salud en la mayoria de AM. Conclusión: La convivencia con un proceso crónico es complejo, requiere atención integral, centrada en la persona y enfermería un tiene un papel clave para cuidar al AM

Citogenética aplicada

La Citogenética como disciplina que estudia el comportamiento y la estructura de los cromosomas y su relación con la transmisión y recombinación de los genes, proporciona diferentes niveles de análisis, constituyendo una herramienta fundamental para estudios taxonómicos, evolutivos y de genómica estructural y funcional. En el presente capítulo, se ejemplifican tres aplicaciones de la citogenética en el ámbito vegetal y animal: la citogenética en el estudio evolutivo y aplicado del maíz y sus especies relacionadas, la aplicabilidad de la técnica de Hibridación In Situ Fluorescente (FISH) para la identificación de telómeros y secuencias teloméricas intersticiales (STI) y el estudio de las aberraciones cromosómicas que los involucran y la caracterización citogenética en el manejo de primates en cautiverio.Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Muse

Percepción y conocimiento popular sobre los cocodrilos en el “Área de Protección de Flora y Fauna Manglares de Nichupté”, Quintana Roo, México

The success of crocodile conservation programs highly depends on local people’s views, perceptions, and knowledge regarding these reptiles. The present study assessed these variables across the Nichupté lagoon through semi-structured interviews. Answers were grouped into three categories: thoughts regarding the presence of crocodiles in the area, locals’ perception on crocodiles, and local knowledge on crocodiles. Most of the 221 people interviewed showed no aversion to crocodiles, 93.2% knew about the presence of crocodiles in the lagoon, and 98.1% mentioned that it is essential to conserve these reptiles. On the other hand, 77.5% (men) and 70.5% (women) agreed that “it is fine” to share the lagoon with crocodiles. Concerning people’s perceptions about crocodiles, “Quiet”, “Indispensable” and “Interesting” were the most frequent answers. Regarding the local knowledge, we found a positive, statistically significant correlation between this variable and education, with those having high school degrees mentioning "Habitat" and those with college degrees mentioning "Reptile" more frequently. Conservation policies should be redesigned to include continuous environmental education programs that promote positive attitudes towards crocodile species. They should also include measures to guarantee the dissemination of necessary information to protect human and crocodile lives, is essential to consolidate conservation programs.El éxito en los programas de conservación de cocodrilos depende en gran medida de la percepción y del conocimiento que las personas tienen sobre estos reptiles. El presente estudio evaluó estas variables en la laguna Nichupté a través de entrevistas semi-estructuradas. Las respuestas se agruparon en tres categorías: opinión sobre la presencia de cocodrilos en el área, la percepción, y el conocimiento sobre los cocodrilos por parte de la gente local. La mayoría de las 221 personas entrevistadas no mostraron aversión hacia los cocodrilos, el 93.2% conocía la presencia de cocodrilos en la laguna, y el 98.1% mencionó que es esencial conservar a estos reptiles. Por otro lado, 77.5% (hombres) y 70.5% (mujeres) estuvieron de acuerdo en que "Está bien" compartir la laguna con los cocodrilos. En cuanto a las percepciones de las personas sobre los cocodrilos, "Tranquilo", "Indispensable" e "Interesante" fueron las respuestas más frecuentes. Con respecto al conocimiento de los lugareños, encontramos una correlación positiva y estadísticamente significativa entre esta variable y la educación; es decir, aquellos con estudios de secundaria mencionaron la palabra "Hábitat" y aquellos con títulos universitarios mencionaron "Reptil" con mayor frecuencia. Las políticas de conservación deben ser rediseñadas para incluir programas de educación ambiental continua que promuevan actitudes positivas hacia las especies de cocodrilos. También deben incluir medidas para garantizar la difusión de la información necesaria para proteger la vida de los humanos y los cocodrilos, ya que esto es esencial para consolidar los programas de conservación

Hallazgos histopatológicos de las histerectomías obstétricas en el hospital de la Mujer (SSM) de Morelia, Michoacán de 2015 a 2018

Introduction: The incidence of obstetric hysterectomy in the world is reported from 7 to 13 per 10,000 births, the post-cesarean variety being more frequent. Objective: To describe the histopathological findings of the obstetric hysterectomy performed at the Morelia Women's Hospital, Michoacán from 2015 to 2018. Material and methods: cross-sectional, retrospective, descriptive, documentary study, from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2015. 2018 in a General Public Hospital (HGP) of second level of care in Morelia, Michoacán, 43 clinical records of women who underwent obstetric hysterectomy in the obstetric surgery service were included.  Result: in the period from 2015 to 2018, 23,220 patients were attended, the births were: deliveries 14,577, cesarean sections 8,643, curettage 3,172, the rate of cesarean sections performed was 37.2%, and is located within the statistics reported at the national level, the age of the patients with the highest incidence of obstetric hysterectomy was 26 to 35 years, which represents 62%, 83.8% had a one-time cesarean hysterectomy, 45.9% had a histopathological diagnosis of partial placenta increta, and 40.5% focal and partial placenta accreta.Introducción: La incidencia de histerectomía obstétrica en el mundo se reporta de 7 a 13 por cada 10,000 nacimientos, siendo más frecuente la variedad post-cesárea. Objetivo: Describir los hallazgos histopatológicos de la histerectomía obstétrica realizada en el hospital de la mujer de Morelia, Michoacán del 2015 al 2018. Material y métodos: estudio transversal, retrospectivo, descriptivo, documental, del 1 de enero de 2015 al 31 de diciembre del 2018 en un Hospital General, Público (HGP) de segundo nivel de atención de Morelia, Michoacán, se incluyeron 43 expediente clínicos de mujeres que les fue realizada histerectomía obstétrica en el servicio de toco-cirugía. Resultado: en el período de 2015 a 2018 se atendieron 23, 220 pacientes, los nacimientos, fueron: partos 14 577, cesáreas 8 643, legrados 3 172,  el índice de cesáreas realizadas fue de 37.2 %, y se ubica dentro de la estadística reportada a nivel nacional, la edad de las pacientes con mayor incidencia de histerectomía obstétrica fue de 26 a 35 años que representa 62%, el 83.8% fue cesárea histerectomía en un tiempo, el 45.9% con diagnóstico histopatológico placenta increta parcial y el 40.5% placenta acreta focal y parcia

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Correction to: Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Measles Virus-Specific Antibody Levels in Individuals in Argentina Who Received a One-Dose Vaccine

In spite of active measles virus (MV) vaccination strategies, reemergence continues to occur, impairing global eradication programs. The immune status against measles was evaluated in 350 vaccinated healthy Argentine children and teenagers who received a single dose of the MV Schwarz strain Lirugen vaccine (Aventis Pasteur). Sera were assessed for immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies by a commercial enzyme immunoassay (EIA) (Enzygnost; Behring), an in-house EIA, and neutralization EIA. Results obtained with these methods showed a marked decline in IgG level with increasing age. At 1 to 4 years of age, 84% of children had IgG antibodies above 200 mIU/ml, conventionally accepted as protective levels, whereas only 32% of older children and teenagers had antibody levels exceeding 200 mIU/ml. Moreover, the MV IgG content in the teenage group was significantly lower than the IgG antibody level of the group of younger children (P < 0.0001). In contrast, screening for IgG antibody levels to inactivated tetanus vaccine showed that, on average, 80% of this population was fully protected and that this high level of protection remained through the teenage years. This study suggests that within this population a considerable proportion of individuals had low measles antibody levels that may be insufficient to protect against reinfections or clinical disease

Gastronomía y turismo. Diseño de indicadores, políticas y cultura

La presente obra es el resultado de los trabajo presentados en la Confederación Panamericana de Escuelas de Hotelería y Turismo (COMPEHT) y la Facultad de Turismo y Gastronomía de la Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México.La importancia que ha cobrado la gastronomía vinculada a la práctica turística no se limita a la elaboración y degustación de platillos por parte de comensales y visitantes a lugares que poseen una riqueza culinaria de renombre. El binomio gastronomía-turismo, como objeto de estudio a nivel superior, plantea una visión interdisciplinaria que constituye una alternativa de formación integral en las carreras profesionales de la actualidad que no solo permita potenciar la riqueza gastronómica de las comunidades sino su desarrollo, impactando en la generación de empleos, captación de ingresos y preservación de prácticas tradicionale