Superoxide dismutase and catalase in marine bioluminescent bacteria

Han sido estudiadas la catalasa y la superóxido dismutasa (SOD) de bacterias bioluminiscentes marinas. Hemos encontrado varios isoenzimas de catalasa y un isoenzima de superóxido dismutasa y se ha observado que a menor luminiscencia los niveles de catalasa son mayores. Una variante de Photobacterium phosphoreum var. K (cepa mutante que carece de bioluminiscencia) mostró los máximos niveles de catalasa. Hay dos tipos de catalasas en esta estirpe, una de pI 7,2 que es inhibida por el 3-amino, 1,2,4-triazol y otros isoenzimas que son resistentes a la acción de este inhibidor. Todas las catalasas de estas bacterias bioluminiscentes marinas son hemoproteínas, ya que son inhibidas por la azida y el cianuro. El isoenzima de SOD es una Fe-SOD.Catalase and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were studied in strains of marine bioluminescent bacteria. We found several isozymes of catalase in these strains and only one isozyme of superoxide dismutase. We observed that catalase levels rose as bioluminiscence emission fell. A dark strain of Photobacterium phosphoreumvar. K showed the maximun levels of catalase. There are two types of catalases in this strain: an isozyme of pI 7.2 inhibited by 3-amino, 1, 2, 4-triazole and others isozyrnes resistent to this inhibitor. All isozymes of catalase from these bioluminescent marine bacteria are hemo-proteins, since they were inhibited by cianyde and azide. The single isozyme of SOD is a Fe-SOD.Instituto Español de Oceanografí

Bioluminescent marine bacteria on the Gran Canaria coast

Han sido aisladas bacterias bioluminiscentes en aguas superficiales costeras de la isla de Gran Canaria y en la superficie y el contenido intestinal de Sarpa salpa (Linnaeus, 1758), pez muy común en las islas Canarias. Las especies aisladas fueron Vibrio splendidus biovar 1, Vibrio logei, Vibrio fischeri y Photobacterium phosphoreum. La población de bacterias bioluminiscentes en estas aguas superficiales fluctúa considerablemente, desde 50 000 unidades formadoras de colonias por litro (ufc/l) en los meses de verano a 3 000 ufc/l en invierno. Hemos encontrado una correlación positiva entre la temperatura del agua y el número de bacterias bioluminiscentes.Bioluminescent bacteria were isolated on coastal surface waters, and on the surface and in the gastrointestinal tract of Sarpa salpa (Linnaeus, 1758) (a very common fish in the Canary Islands) off Gran Canaria Island. The species isolated were: Vibrio splendidus biovar 1; Vibrio logei; Vibrio fischeri and Photobacterium phosphoreum. The population of biolumineseent bacteria in these coastal surfaee waters fluctuated considerably, being as high as 50 000 cfu/l in the summer and as low as 3 000 cfu/l in the winter. There is a positive correlation between water temperature and the number of bioluminescent bacteria.Instituto Español de Oceanografí

Las cerámicas aborígenes de Gran Canaria (Islas Canarias) a través del yacimiento de La Cerera: materias primas, tecnología y función

[spa] Se analizan los materiales cerámicos prehispánicos del yacimiento de La Cerera en Gran Canaria (siglos VII-XIII D.C.). Se integra la clasificación morfotécnica y funcional, y la caracterización instrumental mediante fluorescencia de rayos X (FRX), difracción de rayos X (DRX), petrografía óptica (PO) y microscopía electrónica de barrido (MEB) relacionando cada nivel de estudio aplicado. Comoresultado se detectaron diferentes cadenas operativas, conectadas con la función de los vasos y su cronología. Además se observaron importantes cambios diacrónicos en las características del material. Estos parecen coincidir con otros identificados en el registro del propio yacimiento y en otros sitios de la isla. También se discuten los posibles efectos de la intensificación de la producción sobre la homogeneidad de las fábricas cerámicas. [eng] Pre-Hispanic ceramics from the site of La Cerera at Gran Canaria are studied in this paper (7th century cal AD - 13th century cal AD). An integrated approach combining various levels of analysis has been carried out, employing morphological, technical and functional analysis of the pots, as well as instrumental characterization: X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffraction, optical petrography and scanning electron microscopy. As result, different operative chains have been detected, linked to pots function and chronology. Other differences were observed, as important changes in the characteristics of the archaeological materials through time. Those transformations seem to coincide with others changes already observed for different elements of the aboriginal material culture at the site, as well as at other parts of the island. Effects of production intensification over the homogeneity of ceramic fabrics are also discussed

Internet gaming disorder clustering based on personality traits in adolescents, and its relation with comorbid psychological symptoms

Altres ajuts: This work was funded by an AIS (Atención e Investigación en Socioaddiciones) intramural research program. This research is partially supported by the Marsden grant E2987-3648 (Royal Society of New Zealand).In recent years, the evidence regarding Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) suggests that some personality traits are important risk factors for developing this problem. The heterogeneity involved in problematic online gaming and differences found in the literature regarding the comorbid psychopathology associated with the problem could be explained through different types of gamers. Clustering analysis can allow organization of a collection of personality traits into clusters based on similarity. The objectives of this study were: (1) to obtain an empirical classification of IGD patients according to personality variables and (2) to describe the resultant groups in terms of clinical and sociodemographic variables. The sample included 66 IGD adolescent patients who were consecutive referrals at a mental health center in Barcelona, Spain. A Gaussian mixture model cluster analysis was used in order to classify the subjects based on their personality. Two clusters based on personality traits were detected: type I "higher comorbid symptoms" (n = 24), and type II "lower comorbid symptoms" (n = 42). The type I included higher scores in introversive, inhibited, doleful, unruly, forceful, oppositional, self-demeaning and borderline tendency traits, and lower scores in histrionic, egotistic and conforming traits. The type I obtained higher scores on all the Symptom Check List-90 items-Revised, all the State-Trait Anxiety Index scales, and on the DSM-5 IGD criteria. Differences in personality can be useful in determining clusters with different types of dysfunctionality

Wavelength self-calibration and sky subtraction for Fabry–Pérot interferometers: applications to OSIRIS

We describe techniques concerning wavelength calibration and sky subtraction to maximize the scientific utility of data from tunable filter instruments. While we specifically address data from the Optical System for Imaging and low Resolution Integrated Spectroscopy instrument (OSIRIS) on the 10.4-m Gran Telescopio Canarias telescope, our discussion is generalizable to data from other tunable filter instruments. A key aspect of our methodology is a coordinate transformation to polar coordinates, which simplifies matters when the tunable filter data are circularly symmetric around the optical centre. First, we present a method for rectifying inaccuracies in the wavelength calibration using OH sky emission rings. Using this technique, we improve the absolute wavelength calibration from an accuracy of ∼5 to 1 Å, equivalent to ∼7 per cent of our instrumental resolution, for 95 per cent of our data. Then, we discuss a new way to estimate the background sky emission by median filtering in polar coordinates. This method suppresses contributions to the sky background from the outer envelopes of distant galaxies, maximizing the fluxes of sources measured in the corresponding sky-subtracted images. We demonstrate for data tuned to a central wavelength of 7615 Å that galaxy fluxes in the new sky-subtracted image are ∼37 per cent higher, versus a sky-subtracted image from existing methods for OSIRIS tunable filter data

In vitro antimicrobial susceptibilities and production of β-lactamases in marine Vibrio and Photobacterium

Four marine strains of Vibrio and Photobacterium were tested for their susceptibilities to 22 antimicrobial agents. All strains were susceptible to chloramphenicol, nalidixic acid, cotrimoxazole, tetracycline, netilmicin and norfloxacin; all were resistant to penicillin and ampicillin, and exhibited ß-lactamase activity. However, there were significant differences between strains, especially in their patterns of betalactam and aminoglycosides susceptibility. Vibrio splendidus biovar 1 and Vibrio harveyi have ß-lactamases of the 2d group (cloxacillin-hydrolyzing ß-lactamases), Photobacterium angustum has ß-lactamases of the 2b group (broad-spectrum ß-lactamases inhibited by clavulanic acid), and Photobacterium phosphoreum var. K has ß-lactamases of the 2c group (carbenicillin-hydrolyzing ß-lactamases inhibited by clavulanic acid).Ha sido estudiada la actividad in vitro de 22 antimicrobianos frente a cuatro cepas de Vibrio y Photobacterium de origen marino. Todas las cepas son susceptibles a cloranfenicol, ácido nalidíxico, cotrimoxazol, tetraciclina, netilmicina y norfloxacina; resistentes a penicilina y ampicilina, y producen ß-lactamasas. Sin embargo, hay diferencias significativas entre las cepas, especialmente en sus patrones de sensibilidad a otros antibióticos betalactámicos y aminoglicósidos. Vibrio splendidus biovar 1 y Vibrio harveyi poseen ß-lactamasas pertenecientes al grupo 2d (ß-lactamasas que hidrolizan la cloxacilina); Photobacterium angustum, ß-lactamasas del grupo 2b (ß-lactamasas de amplio espectro inhibidas por el ácido clavulánico); y Photobacterium phosphoreum var. K, ß-lactamasas del grupo 2c (ß-lactamasas que hidrolizan la carbenicilina y son inhibidas por el ácido clavulánico).Instituto Español de Oceanografí

Association of aromatase and estrogen receptor gene polymorphisms with hip fractures

Producción CientíficaSummary Two polymorphisms of the aromatase and estrogen receptor genes appeared to interact to influence the risk of hip fractures in women. Introduction Allelic variants of the aromatase gene have been associated with bone mineral density and vertebral fractures. Our objective was to analyze the relationship between two polymorphisms of the aromatase and estrogen receptor genes and hip fracture

Aqueous Stable Gold Nanostar/ZIF‐8 Nanocomposites for Light‐Triggered Release of Active Cargo Inside Living Cells

This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: C. Carrillo-Carrión, R. Martínez, M. F. Navarro Poupard, B. Pelaz, E. Polo, A. Arenas-Vivo, A. Olgiati, P. Taboada, M. G. Soliman, Ú. Catalán, S. Fernández-Castillejo, R. Solà, W. J. Parak, P. Horcajada, R. A. Alvarez-Puebla, P. del Pino, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2019, 58, 7078, which has been published in final form at https:// doi.org/10.1002/anie.201902817. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Use of Self-Archived VersionsA plasmonic core–shell gold nanostar/zeolitic‐imidazolate‐framework‐8 (ZIF‐8) nanocomposite was developed for the thermoplasmonic‐driven release of encapsulated active molecules inside living cells. The nanocomposites were loaded, as a proof of concept, with bisbenzimide molecules as functional cargo and wrapped with an amphiphilic polymer that prevents ZIF‐8 degradation and bisbenzimide leaking in aqueous media or inside living cells. The demonstrated molecule‐release mechanism relies on the use of near‐IR light coupled to the plasmonic absorption of the core gold nanostars, which creates local temperature gradients and thus, bisbenzimide thermodiffusion. Confocal microscopy and surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) were used to demonstrate bisbenzimide loading/leaking and near‐IR‐triggered cargo release inside cells, thereby leading to DNA stainingThis work has received financial support from the MINECO‐Spain (MAT2016‐80266‐R, MAT2015‐74381‐JIN, CTQ2017‐88648R, ENE2016‐79608‐C2‐1‐R, CTQ2017‐89588‐R, RYC‐2014‐15039, RYC‐2014‐16962), the Xunta de Galicia, Centro singular de investigación de Galicia accreditation 2016–2019 (ED431G/09), the Agrupación Estratégica de Materiales Action (ED431E 2018/08), the Generalitat de Cataluña (2017SGR522, 2017SGR883, SLT002/16/00239), the URV (2017PFR‐URV‐B2‐02), the German Research Society (DFG PA 794‐21‐1), and the European Union (European Regional Development Fund—ERDF, H2020‐MSCA‐IF‐2016, project 749667). M.F.N.P acknowledges the CONACYT PhD fellowship programS

The ultra-dense, interacting environment of a dual AGN at z ∼\sim 3.3 revealed by JWST/NIRSpec IFS

LBQS 0302-0019 is a blue quasar (QSO) at z ~ 3.3, hosting powerful outflows, and residing in a complex environment consisting of an obscured AGN candidate, and multiple companions, all within 30 kpc in projection. We use JWST NIRSpec IFS observations to characterise the ionized gas in this complex system. We develop a procedure to correct for the spurious oscillations (or 'wiggles') in NIRSpec single-spaxel spectra, due to the spatial under-sampling of the point spread function. We perform a quasar-host decomposition with the QDeblend3D tools, and use multi-component kinematic decomposition of the optical emission line profiles to infer the physical properties of the emitting gas. The quasar-host decomposition allows us to identify i) a low-velocity component possibly tracing a warm rotating disk, with a dynamical mass Mdyn $\sim 10^{11}$ Msun and a rotation-to-random motion ratio $v_{rot}$/$\sigma_0 \sim 2$; ii) a spatially unresolved ionised outflow, with a velocity of $\sim$ 1000 km/s and an outflow mass rate of $\sim 10^4$ Msun/yr. We also detect eight interacting companion objects close to LBQS 0302-0019. Optical line ratios confirm the presence of a second, obscured AGN at $\sim 20$ kpc of the primary QSO; the dual AGN dominates the ionization state of the gas in the entire NIRSpec field-of-view. This work has unveiled with unprecedented detail the complex environment of this dual AGN, which includes nine interacting companions (five of which were previously unknown), all within 30 kpc of the QSO. Our results support a scenario where mergers can trigger dual AGN, and can be important drivers for rapid early SMBH growth.Comment: 23 pages, 23 figures; accepted for publication by A&

GA-NIFS: co-evolution within a highly star-forming galaxy group at z=3.7 witnessed by JWST/NIRSpec IFS

We present NIRSpec IFS observations of a galaxy group around the massive GS_4891 galaxy at z=3.7 in GOODS-South that includes two other two systems, GS_4891_n to the north and GS_28356 to the east. These observations, obtained as part of the GTO GA-NIFS program, allow for the first time to study the spatially resolved properties of the interstellar medium (ISM) and ionized gas kinematics of a galaxy at this redshift. Leveraging the wide wavelength range spanned with the high-dispersion grating (with resolving power R=2700) observations, covering from [OII]$\lambda$$\lambda$3726,29 to [SII]$\lambda$$\lambda$6716,31, we explore the spatial distribution of star-formation rate, nebular attenuation and gas metallicity, together with the mechanisms responsible for the excitation of the ionized gas. GS_4891 presents a clear gradient of gas metallicity (as traced by 12 + log(O/H)) by more than 0.2dex from the south-east (where a star-forming clump is identified) to the north-west. The gas metallicity in the less-massive northern system, GS_4891_n, is also higher by 0.2 dex than at the center of GS_4891, suggesting that inflows of lower-metallicity gas might be favoured in higher-mass systems. The kinematic analysis shows that GS_4891 presents velocity gradients in the ionized gas consistent with rotation. The region between GS_4891 and GS_4891_n does not present high gas turbulence which, together with the difference in gas metallicities, suggests that these two systems might be in a pre-merger stage. Finally, GS_4891 hosts an ionized outflow that extends out to r_out=1.2 kpc from the nucleus and reaches maximum velocities v_out of approximately 400 km/s. Despite entraining an outflowing mass rate of M_out$\sim$2Msun/yr, the low associated mass-loading factor, $\eta$=0.05, implies that the outflow does not have a significant impact on the star-formation activity of the galaxy.Comment: Submitted to Astronomy & Astrophysics on September 25th, 202