Christianizing classical texts: De spiritali amicitia of Ailred of Rievaulx

El siglo XII constituye el floruit de la literatura latina medieval y, en el De spiritali amicitia, obra que nos ocupa en esta ocasión, Elredo de Rieval ejemplifica una tradición secular que intenta conjugar la literatura clásica con las ideas cristianas.The 12th century is the most important period of Medieval Latin literature. We deal with De spiritali amicitia of Ailred of Rievaulx exemplifiying a secular tradition that aims to combine Classical literature and Christianity

Que transcende a morte de uma criança com cancro: experiências de profissionais de saúde

Objective: To reveal the perception of grief support of professionals in pediatric oncology units, after the death of the patients. Method: Qualitative phenomenological study. 22 in-depth interviews were conducted with professionals from 5 pediatric oncology units of public hospitals in Santiago. Once the narratives were transcribed, the comprehensive analysis and subsequent triangulation of the data was performed, achieving saturation. Results: Professionals perceive themselves supported in their grief by being able to experience the losses in a protected environment and feeling supported by their surroundings. They recognized the existence of external and internal factors that facilitated the process of grief. However, this support is perceived as insufficient, as there is a lack of formal support from the institution, as well as a protected grief period, or support from mental health professionals to the teams. All death experiences allow professionals to transcend their pain based on lifelong learning and to give meaning to their work. Conclusion: Grief support felt by the professionals is generated from their own initiatives of re-encounter within the teams, which is insufficient. Therefore, training in coping with death is necessary from undergraduate level, which would allow greater cohesiveness in coping and greater self-care within the teams.Objetivo: Develar la percepción del apoyo en duelo de los profesionales de las unidades de oncología pediátrica, tras el fallecimiento de los pacientes. Método: Estudio fenomenológico cualitativo. Se realizaron 22 entrevistas en profundidad a profesionales de 5 unidades de oncología pediátrica de hospitales públicos de Santiago de Chile. Una vez transcritas las narraciones, se realizó el análisis comprensivo y posteriormente la triangulación de los datos, hasta lograr su saturación. Resultados: Los profesionales se perciben apoyados en su duelo al poder experimentar las pérdidas en un ambiente protegido y sentirse apoyados por su entorno. Reconocen la existencia de factores externos e internos que facilitan el proceso de duelo. Sin embargo, este apoyo se percibe como insuficiente, ya que falta un apoyo formal por parte de la institución, así como un periodo de duelo protegido, o el apoyo de los profesionales de la salud mental a los equipos. Todas las experiencias de muerte permiten a los profesionales trascender su dolor a partir del aprendizaje permanente y dar sentido a su trabajo. Conclusión: El apoyo en duelo que sienten los profesionales se genera a partir de sus propias iniciativas de reencuentro dentro de los equipos, lo cual es insuficiente. Por ello, es necesaria la formación en el afrontamiento de la muerte desde el pregrado, lo que permitiría una mayor cohesión en el afrontamiento y un mayor autocuidado dentro de los equipos.Objetivo: Desvelar a percepção do apoio ao luto dos profissionais das unidades de oncologia pediátrica, após o óbito dos pacientes. Método: estudo fenomenológico qualitativo. Foram realizadas vinte e duas entrevistas aprofundadas com profissionais de cinco unidades de oncologia pediátrica de hospitais públicos de Santiago. Uma vez transcritas as narrativas, realizou-se à análise compreensiva e posteriormente à triangulação dos dados, alcançando a saturação destes. Resultados: Os profissionais percebem-se amparados em seu luto, pois podem vivenciar perdas em um ambiente protegido e sentir-se amparados por seu ambiente. Eles reconhecem a existência de fatores externos e internos que facilitam o processo de luto. Contudo, este apoio é percebido como insuficiente, visto que falta um apoio formal da instituição, bem como um período de luto protegido, ou o apoio dos profissionais de saúde mental para as equipes. Todas as experiências de morte permitem aos profissionais transcender sua dor por meio da aprendizagem ao longo da vida e dar sentido ao seu trabalho. Conclusão: O apoio no luto, sentido pelos profissionais, é gerado a partir das suas próprias iniciativas de reencontro com as equipes, o que é insuficiente. Portanto, o treinamento no enfrentamento da morte desde a graduação faz-se necessário, o que possibilitaria maior coesão no enfrentamento e maior autocuidado dentro das equipes

Publicidad Y Educación Sanitaria

ResumenLa educación sanitaria y la publicidad tienen un objetivo común: influir en la conducta humana. La educación sanitaria trata de inducir conductas saludables. La publicidad, en ocasiones, propugna conductas de riesgo. Se analizan aquí los anuncios insertados en las 15 revistas de máxima tirada en España durante dos meses. En total 1.726 anuncios que podrian afectar negativamente a la salud, por el producto o servicio ofertados, o por utilizar la salud como argumento persuasivo en sus textos.Hola y Lecturas tuvieron la tasa más alta de anuncios/revista. Las bebidas alcohólicas, los alimentos y los fármacos fueron los objetos más publicitados. Y más del 50% de los anuncios argumentaron directamente con la salud o el bienestar en sus textos.Los educadores sanitarios deberían conocer y enseñar el análisis critico de la publicidad, y utilizar los anuncios como instrumento didáctico, para lograr ciudadanos capaces de distanciarse y defenderse del influjo publicitario.SummaryHealth education and advertising have a common aim: to modify human behaviour. Health education tries to induce healthy behaviours. In some occasions Publicity proposes risky behaviours.Ads appearing during a two-month period in magazines of the largest circulation in Spain are analyzed here. A total of 1,726 ads which could have a negative influence on health either because of the product or service offered or for the use of health as a persuasive argument in their text, are considered.The magazines Hola and Lecturas had the highest ratio ads/magazine. Spirits, food and drugs were the most frequently advertised products. And more than 50% of the ads used health and welfare as argument for better selling.Health educators should know and teach the critical analysis of publicity, and use advertisements as a teaching tool to enable people to see through misleading advertising

La salud reproductiva de los estudiantes de educación secundaria y media superior de San Luis Potosí

En el presente informe se muestran los resultados de la Encuesta de Salud Reproductiva de los estudiantes de educación secundaria y media superior de San Luis Potosí, en colaboración entre el CRIM y el Consejo Estatal de Población de San Luis Potosí.1. Algunos señalamientos sobre la salud reproductiva de los adolescentes en México. 2. Diseño muestral de la encuesta. 3. Educación sexual en la escuela. 4. Conocimiento sobre el sida. 5. Conocimiento sobre métodos anticonceptivos. 6. Edad media a la espermaquia y edad media a la menarquia. 7. Perspectivas de vida. 8. Recomendaciones

A Novel Saliva-Based miRNA Signature for Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis

Salivary microRNAs (miRNAs) are of high interest as diagnostic biomarkers for non-oral cancer. However, little is known about their value for colorectal cancer (CRC) detection. Our study aims to characterize salivary miRNAs in order to identify non-invasive markers for CRC diagnosis. The screening of 754 miRNAs was performed in saliva samples from 14 CRC and 10 healthy controls. The differential expressed miRNAs were validated by RT-qPCR in 51 CRC, 19 adenomas and 37 healthy controls. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and logistic regression models were performed to analyze the clinical value of these miRNAs. Twenty-two salivary miRNAs were significantly deregulated in CRC patients vs. healthy individuals (p < 0.05) in the discovery phase. From those, five upregulated miRNAs (miR-186-5p, miR-29a-3p, miR-29c-3p, miR-766-3p, and miR-491-5p) were confirmed to be significantly higher in the CRC vs. healthy group (p < 0.05). This five-miRNA signature showed diagnostic value (72% sensitivity, 66.67% specificity, AUC = 0.754) to detect CRC, which was even higher in combination with carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels. Overall, after the first global characterization of salivary miRNAs in CRC, a five-miRNA panel was identified as a promising tool to diagnose this malignancy, representing a novel approach to detect cancer-associated epigenetic alterations using a non-invasive strategy

Development and feasibility of 4 checklists for the evaluation of comorbidity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, axial spondyloarthritis and psoriatic arthritis: GECOAI Project

Objective: To develop and assess the feasibility in daily practice of four comorbidity checklists, for common use in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA). Methods: A multidisciplinary panel of experts on comorbidity was established. Data from the GECOAR, GECOAX and GECOAP projects were analysed and a narrative literature review in Medline on RA, axSpA and PsA comorbidity was performed in order to select the most relevant and common comorbidities across the three diseases. With these results and those obtained from a focus group of patients, in a nominal group meeting, the experts generated preliminary checklists. These were afterwards modified by an external evaluation by two associations, a patients’ association and an association of health professionals related to rheumatology. As a result, the final checklists were generated. A cross-sectional study was conducted to test the feasibility of three of the checklists in daily practice, in which eight health professionals evaluated the checklists in five patients with RA, five with axSpA and five with SpA. Results: Four comorbidity checklists were designed, three for health professionals (one to assess current comorbidity, one on prevention/health promotion and one with the referral criteria to other health professionals), and another for patients. The feasibility study showed them to be simple, clear, and useful for use in routine clinical practice. Conclusions: The use of specific and common checklists for patients with RA, axSpA and PsA is feasible and might contribute favorably to their prognosis as well as in daily practice.Este proyecto fue financiado por Merck Sharp & Dohme® España y avalado por las siguientes asociaciones/sociedades: CONARTRITIS (Coordinadora Nacional de Artritis asociación, de pacientes que representa a las personas afectadas por AR, APs, AIJ y EspA), OPENREUMA (Asociación de otros profesionales sanitarios dedicados a la reumatología) y SORCOM (Sociedad de Reumatología de la Comunidad de Madrid

Anti-Spike antibodies 3 months after SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine booster dose in patients on hemodialysis: the prospective SENCOVAC study

Background: Patients on hemodialysis are at high-risk for complications derived from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The present analysis evaluated the impact of a booster vaccine dose and breakthrough severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections on humoral immunity 3 months after the booster dose. Methods: This is a multicentric and prospective study assessing immunoglobulin G anti-Spike antibodies 6 and 9 months after initial SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in patients on hemodialysis that had also received a booster dose before the 6-month assessment (early booster) or between the 6- and 9-month assessments (late booster). The impact of breakthrough infections, type of vaccine, time from the booster and clinical variables were assessed. Results: A total of 711 patients [67% male, median age (range) 67 (20-89) years] were included. Of these, 545 (77%) received an early booster and the rest a late booster. At 6 months, 64 (9%) patients had negative anti-Spike antibody titers (3% of early booster and 29% of late booster patients, P =. 001). At 9 months, 91% of patients with 6-month negative response had seroconverted and there were no differences in residual prevalence of negative humoral response between early and late booster patients (0.9% vs 0.6%, P =. 693). During follow-up, 35 patients (5%) developed breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infection. Antibody titers at 9 months were independently associated with mRNA-1273 booster (P =. 001), lower time from booster (P =. 043) and past breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infection (P <. 001). Conclusions: In hemodialysis patients, higher titers of anti-Spike antibodies at 9 months were associated with mRNA-1273 booster, lower time from booster and past breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infectionThe present project has been supported by Fresenius Medical Care, Diaverum, Vifor Pharma, Vircell, Fundación Renal Iñigo Álvarez de Toledo and ISCIII FEDER funds RICORS2040 (RD21/0005

Clonal chromosomal mosaicism and loss of chromosome Y in elderly men increase vulnerability for SARS-CoV-2

The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19) had an estimated overall case fatality ratio of 1.38% (pre-vaccination), being 53% higher in males and increasing exponentially with age. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, we found 133 cases (1.42%) with detectable clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations (mCA) and 226 males (5.08%) with acquired loss of chromosome Y (LOY). Individuals with clonal mosaic events (mCA and/or LOY) showed a 54% increase in the risk of COVID-19 lethality. LOY is associated with transcriptomic biomarkers of immune dysfunction, pro-coagulation activity and cardiovascular risk. Interferon-induced genes involved in the initial immune response to SARS-CoV-2 are also down-regulated in LOY. Thus, mCA and LOY underlie at least part of the sex-biased severity and mortality of COVID-19 in aging patients. Given its potential therapeutic and prognostic relevance, evaluation of clonal mosaicism should be implemented as biomarker of COVID-19 severity in elderly people. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, individuals with clonal mosaic events (clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations and/or loss of chromosome Y) showed an increased risk of COVID-19 lethality

EDUCACIÓN AMBIENTAL Y SOCIEDAD. SABERES LOCALES PARA EL DESARROLLO Y LA SUSTENTABILIDAD

Este texto contribuye al análisis científico de varias áreas del conocimiento como la filosofía social, la patología, la educación para el cuidado del medio ambiente y la sustentabilidad que inciden en diversas unidades de aprendizaje de la Licenciatura en Educación para la Salud y de la Maestría en Sociología de la SaludLas comunidades indígenas de la sierra norte de Oaxaca México, habitan un territorio extenso de biodiversidad. Sin que sea una área protegida y sustentable, la propia naturaleza de la región ofrece a sus visitantes la riqueza de la vegetación caracterizada por sus especies endémicas que componen un paisaje de suma belleza