Nuevos enfoques para el sistema de Hull-Strominger: invariantes de Futaki y métricas armónicas

Tesis Doctoral inédita leída en la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Matemáticas. Fecha de Lectura: 14-02-2024In this Thesis we address the existence problem for the Hull-Strominger system. Firstly, we carry out a systematic search for solutions induced by the invariant geometry of Lie groups on complex homogenenous manifolds, based on the study of a natural family of invariant holomorphic vector bundles on these manifolds, and discuss moduli aspects restricted to the invariant situation. Motivated by our results, we propose a refned version of a Conjecture by Yau for solutions to the Hull-Strominger, and fnd a new obstruction which goes beyond the balanced property of the Calabi-Yau manifold (X, Ω) and the Mumford-Takemoto slope stability of the bundle over it. The basic principle is the construction of a (possibly indefnite) Hermitian-Einstein metric G on the holomorphic string algebroid Q associated to a solution of the system, provided that the connection ∇ on the tangent bundle is Hermitian-Yang Mills. Using the construction of (Q, G), we defne a family of Futaki invariants associated to an infnite dimensional moment map obstructing the existence of solutions in a given balanced class. The precise conditions for G to be Hermite-Einstein lead to study a new system of equations in Hermitian Geometry called the coupled Hermite-Einstein system, which is strictly weaker and can be solved, in principle, in any compact complex manifold. We then move on to investigate stability conditions on holomorphic Courant algebroids reminiscent of GIT, inspired by the picture provided by the Donaldson-Uhlenbeck-Yau theorem. At this point of the Thesis, our main development is a notion of harmonic metric for the Hull-Strominger system, motivated by an infnite-dimensional hyperK¨ahler moment map and related to a numerical stability condition, which we expect to exist generically for families of solutionsEn esta Tesis tratamos el problema de existencia para el sistema de Hull-Strominger. En primer lugar, buscamos sistemáticamente soluciones inducidas por la geometría invariante de grupos de Lie en variedades homogéneneas complejas, basada en el estudio de una familia natural de fibrados vectoriales holomorfos invariantes en estas variedades, y discutimos aspectos del espacio de moduli restringido a la situación invariante. Motivados por nuestros resultados, proponemos una versión refinada de una Conjetura de Yau para soluciones de Hull-Strominger, y encontramos una nueva obstrucción que va más allá de la propiedad balanceada de la variedad Calabi-Yau (X, Ω) y la estabilidad de pendiente de Mumford-Takemoto para el fibrado sobre ella. El principio básico es la construcción de una métrica Hermite-Einstein (posiblemente indefinida) G en el algebroide de cuerdas holomorfo Q asociado a una solución del sistema, suponiendo que la conexión ∇ en el fbrado tangente es Hermite-Yang-Mills. Usando la construcción de (Q, G), definimos una familia de invariantes de Futaki asociados a una aplicación momento en dimensión infinita obstruyendo la existencia de soluciones en una clase balanceada dada. Las condiciones precisas para que G sea Hermite-Einstein lleva a estudiar un nuevo sistema de ecuaciones en Geometría Hermítica llamado sistema Hermite-Einstein acoplado, que es estrictamente más débil que el sistema de Hull-Strominger y puede resolverse, en principio, en cualquier variedad compleja compacta. A continuación, investigamos condiciones de estabilidad en algebroides de Courant holomorfos reminiscentes de GIT inspirados por la imagen global dada por el Teorema de Donaldson-Uhlenbeck-Yau. Nuestra principal aportación en este punto de la Tesis es una noción de métrica armónica para el sistema de Hull-Strominger, motivada por una aplicación momento hyperK¨ahler en dimensión infinita y relacionada con una condición de estabilidad numérica, que esperamos que exista genéricamente en familias de solucione

Severity of Oral Mucositis in Children following Chemotherapy and Radiotherapy and Its Implications at a Single Oncology Centre in Durango State, Mexico

Mucositis is an adverse efect of chemotherapy (QT) and/or radiotherapy (RT). Te purpose of this study was to investigate the occurrence of oral mucositis in children undergoing cancer treatment. Methods. Fify-one children with cancer who had received QT, RT, or both (QT-RT) underwent clinical evaluations; World Health Organization criteria were used to establish the degree and severity of mucositis. Te correlations between the clinical data, type of cancer, and therapy were statistically analysed. Results. Mucositis was present in 88.23% of the patients; 57.78%, 7.78%, and 24.44% received QT, RT, and QT-RT, respectively. Severity scores of 1 and 2 were the most common; scores of 3-4 were observed in patients who received QT-RT or more than 7 treatment cycles. Tere was a signifcant association between mucositis, the type of treatment, and the number of cycles received (� < 0.05). Conclusion. It is important to implement therapeutic protocols that help maintain excellent oral health and reduce the risk of oral mucositis. Stomatologists should be consulted to assess patients’ oral cavities and provide preventive treatment prior to QT and/or RT administration. It is important to integrate a stomatologist into the oncological working group to focus on preventing and managing oral mucositis

Influencia de acondicionadores sintéticos y orgánicos en cuatro suelos del valle del cauca

A cuatro tipos de suelos con problemas de compactación – Fluventic haplustoll (1), Pachic haplustoll (2), Typic pellustert (3) y Petrocalcic natrustalf (4) - se les aplicaron Potasium propenoate, dos dosis del producto en seco y dos dosis en líquido, cachaza y gallinaza. La planta indicadora fue la soya P-32. El experimento se diseñó completamente al azar, con nueve tratamientos y tres replicaciones. En área foliar y producción de materia seca total, mostraron diferencias significativas los tratamientos con acondicionador sin rético en forma líquida en el suelo 1; las 2 dosis del acondicionador sintético en forma sólida lo mismo que la gallinaza mostraron diferencias significativas en los suelos 2 y 3. Se encontraron diferencias significativas para los tratamientos con acondicionador sintético en espacio aéreo para los suelos 1,2 Y 3; en densidad aparente en seco yen húmedo yen resistencia al penetrómetro para el suelo 2. Los análisis químicos del suelo realizados al finalizar el experimento mostraron niveles inadecuados en elementos mayores y menores, excepto boro, en los suelos 1, 2 y 3.The purpose of this work was to investigate the effect of one synthetic soil conditioner (potassium propenoate) and two kinds of organic products (sugar Mill factory residue and poultry manure) in the physical properties of soils with compactación problems of the Cauca Valley. Four types of soils were utilized: fluventic haplustoll (1), Pachic haplustoll (2), Typic pellustert (3), and Petrocalcic natrustalf (4). Soybean P-32 was indicator plant, utilizing a completely randomized block design with nine treatments and three replications. The leaf area and yield of total dry matter were significatively better with syntetic conditioner in liquid form for soil L; the soil conditioner applied in solid form and the poultry manure were of significant levels for soils 2 and 3. Significant differences were found in favor of the synthetic conditioner for the air space variable in soils (1), (2) and (3); for the bulk density, measured in dry and wet states, and the penetrometer resistance variables for soil (2). Soil chemical analysis showed adequate levels for plant growth in soils 1, 2,3 for major and minor elements, except for boron

Liderazgo y desarrollo de competencias académicas, profesionales y personales en estudiantes de Sociología

Este trabajo de investigación analiza los efectos que produce individualmente un proceso de coaching entre estudiantes de nuevo ingreso y de último curso del grado en Sociología de la Universidad de Alicante que, de forma voluntaria, han adquirido el compromiso de desarrollar sus valores personales y competencias académicas a través de esta herramienta. Partiendo de la metodología y datos obtenidos en la Trait Meta-Mood Scale (TMMS)-24, del grupo de investigación de Salovey y Mayer, se evalúa la Inteligencia Emocional. Este test se administra al inicio y al final del proceso a los estudiantes del curso 2014/2015. Además, se evalúan los datos resultantes de la aplicación de un modelo de cuestionario inicial, utilizado en coaching ejecutivo para el entorno empresarial y adaptado al contexto universitario, para conocer la situación de partida de cada estudiante. Se analizan comparativamente los resultados académicos obtenidos por los participantes en el proyecto durante los cursos 2013/2014 y 2014/2015

Connecting the lab and the field: Genome analysis of phyllobacterium and rhizobium strains and field performance on two vegetable crops

[EN]The legume nodules are a rich source not only of rhizobia but also of endophytic bacteria exhibiting plant growth-promoting mechanisms with potential as plant biostimulants. In this work we analyzed the genomes of Phyllobacterium endophyticum PEPV15 and Rhizobium laguerreae PEPV16 strains, both isolated from Phaseolus vulgaris nodules. In silico analysis showed that the genomes of these two strains contain genes related to N-acyl-homoserine lactone (AHL) and cellulose biosynthesis, involved in quorum sensing and biofilm formation, which are essential for plant colonization. Several genes involved in plant growth promotion such as those related to phosphate solubilization, indole acetic acid production, siderophore biosynthesis and nitrogen fixation were also located in both genomes. When strains PEPV15 and PEPV16 were inoculated in lettuce and carrot in field assays, we found that both significantly increased the yield of lettuce shoots and carrot roots by more than 20% and 10%, respectively. The results of this work confirmed that the genome mining of genes involved in plant colonization and growth promotion is a good strategy for predicting the potential of bacterial strains as crops inoculants, opening new horizons for the selection of bacterial strains with which to design new, effective bacteria-based plant biostimulants

Diseño y creación de infografías para la enseñanza y el aprendizaje presencial y virtual de la microbiología

Memoria ID-210. Ayudas de la Universidad de Salamanca para la innovación docente, curso 2019-2020

MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry Is a Fast and Reliable Platform for Identification and Ecological Studies of Species from Family Rhizobiaceae

Family Rhizobiaceae includes fast growing bacteria currently arranged into three genera, Rhizobium, Ensifer and Shinella, that contain pathogenic, symbiotic and saprophytic species. The identification of these species is not possible on the basis of physiological or biochemical traits and should be based on sequencing of several genes. Therefore alternative methods are necessary for rapid and reliable identification of members from family Rhizobiaceae. In this work we evaluated the suitability of Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization-Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) for this purpose. Firstly, we evaluated the capability of this methodology to differentiate among species of family Rhizobiaceae including those closely related and then we extended the database of MALDI Biotyper 2.0 including the type strains of 56 species from genera Rhizobium, Ensifer and Shinella. Secondly, we evaluated the identification potential of this methodology by using several strains isolated from different sources previously identified on the basis of their rrs, recA and atpD gene sequences. The 100% of these strains were correctly identified showing that MALDI-TOF MS is an excellent tool for identification of fast growing rhizobia applicable to large populations of isolates in ecological and taxonomic studies

Relationship of NDVI and oak (Quercus)pollen including a predictive model in the SW Mediterranean region

Techniques of remote sensing are being used to develop phenological studies. Our goal is to study the correlation among the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) related with oak trees included in three set data polygons (15, 25 and 50 km to aerobiological sampling point as NDVI-15, 25 and 50), and oak (Quercus) daily average pollen counts from 1994 to 2013. The study was developed in the SW Mediterranean region with continuous pollen recording within the mean pollen season of each studied year. These pollen concentrations were compared with NDVI values in the locations containing the vegetation under a study based on two cartographic sources: the Extremadura Forest Map (MFEx) of Spain and the Fifth National Forest Inventory (IFN5) from Portugal. The importance of this work is to propose the relationship among data related in space and time by Spearman and Granger causality tests. 9 out of 20 studied years have shown significant results with the Granger causality test between NDVI and pollen concentration, and in 12 years, significant values were obtained by Spearman test. The distances of influence on the contribution of Quercus pollen to the sampler showed statistically significant results depending on the year. Moreover, a predictive model by using Artificial Neural Network (ANN) was applied with better results in NDVI25 than for NDVI15 or NDVI50. The addition of NDVI25 with the lag of 5 days and some weather parameters in the model was applied with a RMSE of 4.26 (Spearman coefficient r = 0.77) between observed and predicted values. Based on these results, NDVI seems to be a useful parameter to predict airborne pollen

Characterization of metabolomic profile associated with metabolic improvement after bariatric surgery in subjects with morbid obesity

The exact impact of bariatric surgery in metabolically 'healthy' (MH) or 'unhealthy' (MU) phenotypes for the study of the metabolic improvement is still unknown. We applied an untargeted LC-ESI-TripleTOF-MS-driven metabolomics approach in serum samples from 39 patients with morbid obesity (MH and MU) 1, 3, and 6 months after bariatric surgery. Multiple factor analysis, along with correlation and enrichment analyses, was carried out to distinguish those metabolites associated with metabolic improvement. Hydroxypropionic acids, medium-/long-chain hydroxy fatty acids, and bile acid glucuronides were the most discriminative biomarkers of response between MH and MU phenotypes. Hydroxypropionic (hydroxyphenyllactic-related) acids, amino acids, and glycerolipids were the most significant clusters of metabolites altered after bariatric surgery in MU ( p < 0.001). After surgery, MU and MH changed toward a common metabolic state 3 months after surgery. We observed a negative correlation with changes in waist circumference and cholesterol levels with metabolites of lipid metabolism. Glycemic variables were correlated with hexoses, which, in turn, correlated with gluconic acid and amino acid metabolism. Finally, we noted that hydroxyphenyllactic acid was associated with amino acid and lipid metabolism. Microbial metabolism of amino acid and BA glucuronidation pathways may be the key points of metabolic rearrangement after surgery