El recurso del comic en el área de filosofía

ImágenesEsta propuesta pedagógica, dentro del marco del diplomado de Práctica e Investigación Pedagógica, lleva como título “El recurso del comic en el área de filosofía”. En resumen, el propósito general es aplicar un modelo de guías impresas que le permitan al estudiante comprender los temas de la filosofía, empleando como estrategia el comic. El contexto donde nace esta propuesta es el municipio de Plato-Magdalena, donde la población adulta por efectos de la pandemia, se les dificulta comprender lecturas del área de filosofía en casa. En síntesis, el trabajo describe la implementación de unas actividades tomando como recurso el comic, con el fin de ayudar a los estudiantes a que piensen y respondan preguntas a partir de un material impreso de filosofía con comics. En definitiva, esta investigación se realizó desde la visión del enfoque cualitativo e interpretativo, intentando determinar una nueva forma de enseñar y transmitir el conocimiento filosófico en el aula de clases, buscando las condiciones o elementos que contribuyen al aprendizaje de una ciencia muy abstracta para muchos. Finalmente, para sistematizar la propuesta pedagógica, se emplea el recurso del diario de campo y como método de implementación, la Secuencia didáctica dentro del aula de clases de la Institución Educativa Gabriel Escobar Ballestas del Municipio de Plato-Magdalena.This pedagogical proposal, within the framework of the Diploma in Pedagogical Practice and Research, is entitled "The resource of comic in the area of philosophy." In short, the general purpose is apply a model of printed guides that allow the student to understand the themes of philosophy, using the comic as a strategy. The context where this proposal is born is the municipality of Plato-Magdalena, where the adult population, due to the effects of the pandemic, finds it difficult to understand readings in the area of philosophy at home. In short, the work describes the implementation of activities using the comic as a resource, in order to help students to think and answer questions from a printed material on philosophy with comics. In short, this research was carried out from the vision of the qualitative and interpretive approach, trying to determine a new way of teaching and transmitting philosophical knowledge in the classroom, looking for the conditions or elements that contribute to the learning of a very abstract science for many . Finally, to systematize the pedagogical proposal, the resource of the field diary is used and as a method of implementation, the Didactic Sequence within the classroom of the Gabriel Escobar Ballestas Educational Institution of the Municipality of Plato-Magdalena

A projection-based time-splitting algorithm for approximating nematic liquid crystal flows with stretching

A numerical method is developed for solving a system of partial differential equations modeling the flow of a nematic liquid crystal fluid with stretching effect, which takes into account the geometrical shape of its molecules. This system couples the velocity vector, the scalar pressure and the director vector representing the direction along which the molecules are oriented. The scheme is designed by using finite elements in space and a time-splitting algorithm to uncouple the calculation of the variables: the velocity and pressure are computed by using a projection-based algorithm and the director is computed jointly to an auxiliary variable. Moreover, the computation of this auxiliary variable can be avoided at the discrete level by using piecewise constant finite elements in its approximation. Finally, we use a pressure stabilization technique allowing a stable equal-order interpolation for the velocity and the pressure. Numerical experiments concerning annihilation of singularities are presented to show the stability and efficiency of the scheme.Ministerio de Economía y CompetitividadFondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regiona

A time-splitting finite-element stable approximation for the Ericksen-Leslie equations

In this paper we propose an unconditional energy-stable time-splitting finite-element scheme for approximating the Ericksen–Leslie equations governing the flow of nematic liquid crystals. These equations are to be solved for a velocity vector field and a scalar pressure as well as a director vector field representing the direction along which the molecules of the liquid crystal are oriented. The algorithm is designed at two levels. First, at the variational level, the velocity, pressure, and director are computed separately, but the director field has to be computed together with an auxiliary variable (associated to the equilibrium equation for the director) in order to deduce a priori energy estimates. Second, at the algebraic level, one can avoid computing such an auxiliary variable if this is approximated by a piecewise constant finite-element space. Therefore, these two steps give rise to a numerical algorithm that computes separately only the primary variables: velocity, pressure, and director vector. Moreover, we will use a pressure stabilization technique that allows a stable equal-order interpolation for the velocity and the pressure. Finally, some numerical simulations are performed in order to show the robustness and efficiency of the proposed numerical scheme and its accuracy.Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y TecnológicoMinisterio de Economía y CompetitividadMinisterio de Educació

Effects of extracurricular martial arts practice on the trait of anger among boys and girls aged 9-12 years old

[EN] Nowadays, aggression in children is an alarming problem and there are more and more programs carried out with students in order to reduce violence and aggressive behaviour. Martial arts have been used, on occasions, in these programs due to the values of respect and self-control that give it. However, they have not always obtained the expected results. The purpose of this paper is to observe is martial arts like judo and karate are a successful method to decrease anger levels in children. To evaluate this, a quasi-experimental longitudinal study during a period of 6 months in which 82 children took part, divided in a control group and an experimental group (karate and judo). State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory for Children and Adolescents (STAXI-NA) was used. Meaningful differences were found only in some of the anger components, between anger-in expression pre-tests of the control and experimental group and between anger-out expression pre-tests and post-tests of the karate group. The results obtained in this study suggest that the martial arts training has no effect about global anger management in children students. Common aspects are pointed out in interventions that have decreased the levels of anger (traditional aspects, design of a specific program, subjects with behavior problems, school context) and it is shown with the results obtained, how a habitual intervention carried out in a context of sports clubs, in a normal population and without a specific program, have difficulties in reducing the anger of the participants.S

Anger in young martial arts and combat sports practitioners: effects of six-month regular training

P. 92-93Las prácticas de artes marciales y deportes de combate (MA&CS, por sus siglas en inglés) se recomendaron generalmente a niños y jóvenes para obtener desarrollos positivos en las dimensiones física, psicológica y socio-afectiva (Tadesse, 2015). Específicamente, los MA&CS se han asociado con el control de las emociones negativas, como el miedo o la ira, aunque no hay evidencia concluyente sobre los efectos socio-psicológicos positivos de su práctica (Vertonghen y Theeboom, 2010). Este estudio, cuyo objetivo fue describir y comparar la ira en una muestra de jóvenes practicantes regulares de MA&CS con un intervalo de seis meses, busca agregar más evidencia a este controvertido temaS

Effect of fermented, hardened, and dehulled of chickpea (Cicer arietinum) meals in digestibility and antinutrients in diets for tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

Among the most typical feed sources for tilapia, plants represent a low-cost source in substituting for traditional high-cost feed ingredients. Fermentation, hardening and dehulling are common grains processing techniques to make plant nutrients available and more digestible to fish. Apparent digestibility coefficients (ADC) of dry matter and protein, and antinutrients (phytic acid and tannins) in fermented, hardened and dehulled chickpea (Cicer arietinum) meals were determined for juvenile Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). The highest ADC was obtained with processed (fermented, hardened and dehulled) chickpea meals compared with non-processed. Results indicated that fermentation increased the protein content by 13.1%, decreased the content of ash and phytic acid (47.5 and 45%, respectively), and increased the ingredient apparent digestibility of dry matter (ADM) by 23.2%, and the ingredient apparent digestibility of protein (ADP) by 41.9%. Dehulling meal increased the protein (5.7%) and lipid (6.4%) content of chickpea grains; decreased fiber, ash and tannin content (75.3%, 19.1%, and 84.5%, respectively); and increased ADM by 12.8%, and ADP by 10.4%. We conclude that fermented, hardened and dehulled chickpea meals represent a potential alternative in diets for juvenile O. niloticus

Automated Analysis of Nocturnal Oximetry as Screening Tool for Childhood Obstructive Sleep Apnea-Hypopnea Syndrome

Producción CientíficaChildhood obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) is a highly prevalent condition that negatively affects health, performance and quality of life of infants and young children. Early detection and treatment improves neuropsychological and cognitive deficits linked with the disease. The aim of this study was to assess the performance of automated analysis of blood oxygen saturation (SpO2) recordings as a screening tool for OSAHS. As an initial step, statistical, spectral and nonlinear features were estimated to compose an initial feature set. Then, fast correlation-based filter (FCBF) was applied to search for the optimum subset. Finally, the discrimination power (OSAHS negative vs. OSAHS positive) of three pattern recognition algorithms was assessed: linear discriminant analysis (LDA), quadratic discriminant analysis (QDA) and logistic regression (LR). Three clinical cutoff points commonly used in the literature for positive diagnosis of the disease were applied: apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) of 1, 3 and 5 events per hour (e/h). Our methodology reached 88.6% accuracy (71.4% sensitivity and 100.0% specificity, 100.0% positive predictive value, and 84.0% negative predictive value) in an independent test set using QDA for a clinical cut-off point of 5 e/h. These results suggest that SpO2 nocturnal recordings may be used to develop a reliable and efficient screening tool for childhood OSAHSJunta de Castilla y León (project VA059U13

Anger in young martial arts and combat sports practitioners: effects of six-month regular training

[EN] Martial arts and combat sports (MA&CS) practice has been usually recommended for children..

Positive airway pressure and electrical stimulation methods for obstructive sleep apnea treatment: a patent review (2005-2014)

Producción CientíficaIntroduction. Obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) is a major health problem with significant negative effects on the health and quality of life. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is currently the primary treatment option and it is considered the most effective therapy for OSAHS. Nevertheless, comfort issues due to improper fit to patient’s changing needs and breathing gas leakage limit the patient’s adherence to treatment. Areas covered. The present patent review describes recent innovations in the treatment of OSAHS related to optimization of the positive pressure delivered to the patient, methods and systems for continuous self-adjusting pressure during inspiration and expiration phases, and techniques for electrical stimulation of nerves and muscles responsible for the airway patency. Expert opinion. In the last years, CPAP-related inventions have mainly focused on obtaining an optimal self-adjusting pressure according to patient’s needs. Despite intensive research carried out, treatment compliance is still a major issue. Hypoglossal electrical nerve stimulation could be an effective secondary treatment option when CPAP primary therapy fails. Several patents have been granted focused on selective stimulation techniques and parameter optimization of the stimulating pulse waveform. Nevertheless, there remain important issues to address, like effectiveness and adverse events due to improper stimulation.Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (TEC2011-22987)Junta de Castilla y León (VA059U13

Utility of AdaBoost to Detect Sleep Apnea-Hypopnea Syndrome From Single-Channel Airflow

Producción CientíficaThe purpose of this study is to evaluate the usefulness of the boosting algorithm AdaBoost (AB) in the context of the sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (SAHS) diagnosis. Methods: We characterize SAHS in single-channel airflow (AF) signals from 317 subjects by the extraction of spectral and non-linear features. Relevancy and redundancy analyses are conducted through the fast correlation-based filter (FCBF) to derive the optimum set of features among them. These are used to feed classifiers based on linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and classification and regression trees (CART). LDA and CART models are sequentially obtained through AB, which combines their performances to reach higher diagnostic ability than each of them separately. Results: Our AB-LDA and AB-CART approaches showed high diagnostic performance when determining SAHS and its severity. The assessment of different apnea-hypopnea index cutoffs using an independent test set derived into high accuracy: 86.5% (5 events/h), 86.5% (10 events/h), 81.0% (15 events/h), and 83.3% (30 events/h). These results widely outperformed those from logistic regression and a conventional event-detection algorithm applied to the same database. Conclusion: Our results suggest that AB applied to data from single-channel AF can be useful to determine SAHS and its severity. Significance: SAHS detection might be simplified through the only use of single-channel AF data.Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (project TEC2011-22987)Junta de Castilla y León (project VA059U13