Los “giros” de la universidad y el desarrollo local

En la década que corre se afirma de modo más apremiante que nunca la necesidad de articular las universidades al tejido productivo y social. Cuba, con sus problemáticas específicas, también enfrenta este desafío. La mayor novedad quizás está en el hecho de que se trata ahora de la articulación de los esfuerzos universitarios en contextos locales ¿Estamos preparados para ello? ¿Qué hace la educación superior para avanzar en ese terreno? Comenzaremos por hacer un comentario general sobre el papel de las universidades en ciencia, tecnología e innovación; luego nos detenemos en la evolución de la universidad cubana y finalmente presentaremos un proyecto en el que venimos trabajando.Fil: Núñez Jover, Jorge. Universidad de La Habana, CubaFil: Fernández González. Universidad de La Habana, CubaFil: Hernández Gil, José Lázaro. Universidad de La Habana, Cub

MIRACLE evaluation of results for ImageCLEF 2003

ImageCLEF is a new pilot experiment introduced in CLEF 2003. It is devoted to the cross language retrieval of images using textual descriptions related to images contents. This paper presents MIRACLE research team experiments and results obtained for this track

Evaluation of MIRACLE approach results for CLEF 2003

This paper describes MIRACLE (Multilingual Information RetrievAl for the CLEf campaign) approach and results for the mono, bi and multilingual Cross Language Evaluation Forum tasks. The approach is based on the combination of linguistic and statistic techniques to perform indexing and retrieval tasks

Fast search of third-order epistatic interactions on CPU and GPU clusters

[Abstract] Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWASs), analyses that try to find a link between a given phenotype (such as a disease) and genetic markers, have been growing in popularity in the recent years. Relations between phenotypes and genotypes are not easy to identify, as most of the phenotypes are a product of the interaction between multiple genes, a phenomenon known as epistasis. Many authors have resorted to different approaches and hardware architectures in order to mitigate the exponential time complexity of the problem. However, these studies make some compromises in order to keep a reasonable execution time, such as limiting the number of genetic markers involved in the interaction, or discarding some of these markers in an initial filtering stage. This work presents MPI3SNP, a tool that implements a three-way exhaustive search for cluster architectures with the aim of mitigating the exponential growth of the run-time. Modern cluster solutions usually incorporate GPUs. Thus, MPI3SNP includes implementations for both multi-CPU and multi-GPU clusters. To contextualize the performance achieved, MPI3SNP is able to analyze an input of 6300 genetic markers and 3200 samples in less than 6 min using 768 CPU cores or 4 min using 8 NVIDIA K80 GPUs. The source code is available at https://github.com/chponte/mpi3snp.Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad and FEDER; TIN2016-75845-PXunta de Galicia and FEDER funds; ED431G/01Consolidation Program of Competitive Research; ED431C 2017/04Ministerio de Educación; FPU16/0133

An automated disc infiltrometer for infiltration rate measurements using a microflowmeter

19 Pag., 1 Tabl., 4 Figs. The definitive version is available at: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/(ISSN)1099-1085This work presents a new design of disc infiltrometer, which, associated with a microflowmeter (MF) and a solenoid valve set, makes it possible to automate the infiltration rate (Q) measurements at different soil pressure heads (ψ). The MF consists of a 13·8-cm long and 1·5 mm i.d. pipe, with a pressure transducer connecting the two ends of the MF, inserted in a water-flow pipe that connects the Mariotte tube and the water-supply reservoir of the disc infiltrometer. Water flow is calculated from the head losses in the MF. Changes in ψ in the bubble tower, automatically affected when the infiltration rate reaches steady state, are controlled by a datalogger connected to four solenoid valves. The new design was tested in laboratory and field conditions, and the results showed that the MF allows the soil water infiltration rates to be correctly estimated for different soil characteristics. The solenoid valve set plus datalogger system satisfactorily monitored the changes in ψ and allowed the measurement time to be optimized.This research was supported by the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación of Spain (grants AGL2007-66320-CO2-02/AGR; 200840I214).Peer reviewe

Colored semi-transparent Cu-Si oxide thin films prepared by magnetron sputtering

Colored semi-transparent Cu-Si oxide thin films have been prepared by reactive magnetron sputtering from a single cathode of copper-silicon composition. Thin films of different composition and optical response were obtained by changing process parameters like the relative amount of copper in the target and the O2/Ar mixture of the reactive plasma gas. The film characteristics were analyzed by several techniques. Their optical properties (refractive index, absorption coefficient, color) have been correlated with the process parameters used in the film preparation as well as with the film stoichiometry and chemistry.Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación CEN-20072014, MAT2010-18447, MAT2010-21228, CSD2008–00023Junta de Andalucía P09-TEP5283, CTS-518

Determinants of the acceptance of domestic use of recycled water by use type

In the circular economy model, the recycling of water is an alternative option that can reduce the pressure on water resources and guarantee water supply. This water policy measure is currently widespread in agriculture, but thus far few countries have opted for the domestic use of recycled water. In part, this is because it is the source of water with the lowest levels of public acceptance, which poses a threat to the success of the necessary investment. We analyse the degree of acceptance of recycled water for different domestic uses. The main contribution of this study is the analysis of the determinants of acceptance of recycled water by use type. The research was based on data from a questionnaire given to 844 university students in Andalusia, southern Spain. Results are obtained from ordinary least squares regressions that relate the determinants of recycled water acceptance to each of the water use classes. The 'yuck factor'—variously defined as ‘disgust’ or ‘psychological repugnance’—and the perceived risk are found to be the main determinants of the low degree of acceptance of recycled water for ingestion by people and pets. For other uses, such as body washing, laundry and cleaning, environ- mental awareness stands out as a determining factor. The main conclusion is that if au- thorities were to opt for measures to promote the use of recycled water, they should take into account the fact that the reluctance to use recycled water and the determinants of acceptance differ according to the intended useEuropean Regional Development FundSpanish Agencia Estatal de InvestigaciónRegional Government of Andalusi

The renaissance of a local wine industry: the relevance of social capital for business innovation in DOQ El Priorat, Catalonia

The paper presents the results of a case study that aims to investigate whether the presence of both bridging and bonding social capital, acting together, can stimulate entrepreneurial innovation within the wine industry at a regional level. The study also investigates the manner in which both types of social capital interact to motivate such innovation. This is done through the analysis of the Catalan region of Priorat, and more specifically the entrepreneurial innovations that the region’s wine sector experienced over a twenty year period at the turn of the current millenium. The results indicate that both forms of social capital do not act in isolation, but on the contrary are jointly responsible for stimulating innovation within the wine-producing network.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

Downscaling multi-model climate projection ensembles with deep learning (DeepESD): contribution to CORDEX EUR-44

Deep learning (DL) has recently emerged as an innovative tool to downscale climate variables from large-scale atmospheric fields under the perfect-prognosis (PP) approach. Different convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have been applied under present-day conditions with promising results, but little is known about their suitability for extrapolating future climate change conditions. Here, we analyze this problem from a multi-model perspective, developing and evaluating an ensemble of CNN-based downscaled projections (hereafter DeepESD) for temperature and precipitation over the European EUR-44i (0.5º) domain, based on eight global circulation models (GCMs) from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5). To our knowledge, this is the first time that CNNs have been used to produce downscaled multi-model ensembles based on the perfect-prognosis approach, allowing us to quantify inter-model uncertainty in climate change signals. The results are compared with those corresponding to an EUR-44 ensemble of regional climate models (RCMs) showing that DeepESD reduces distributional biases in the historical period. Moreover, the resulting climate change signals are broadly comparable to those obtained with the RCMs, with similar spatial structures. As for the uncertainty of the climate change signal (measured on the basis of inter-model spread), DeepESD preserves the uncertainty for temperature and results in a reduced uncertainty for precipitation. To facilitate further studies of this downscaling approach, we follow FAIR principles and make publicly available the code (a Jupyter notebook) and the DeepESD dataset. In particular, DeepESD is published at the Earth System Grid Federation (ESGF), as the first continental-wide PP dataset contributing to CORDEX (EUR-44).This research has been supported by the Spanish Government (MCIN/AEI /10.13039/501100011033) through project CORDyS (grant no. PID2020-116595RB-I00)

MIRACLE Approaches to Multilingual Information Retrieval: A Baseline for Future Research

This paper describes the first set of experiments defined by the MIRACLE (Multilingual Information RetrievAl for the CLEf campaign) research group for some of the cross language tasks defined by CLEF. These experiments combine different basic techniques, linguistic-oriented and statistic-oriented, to be applied to the indexing and retrieval processes