Efeitos da aplicação do jogo Aball1 em parâmetros de aptidão física, cognitiva e de saúde em sujeitos diabéticos tipo 2

Objetivo: Estudar os efeitos da aplicação de um programa de exercícios utilizando o Aball1, como alternativa e/ou complemento às propostas de exercício convencionais de exercício físico (EF) em pessoas com Diabetes Tipo 2 (DM2). Metodologia: A amostra deste estudo foi constituída numa fase final por 31 pessoas de ambos os sexos com DM2, subdivididas no grupo de intervenção com 15 (70,4 ± 7,1 anos) e no grupo controle com 16 participantes (68,8 ± 10,8 anos). O grupo de intervenção realizou um programa de EF multimodal baseado no jogo Aball1, durante 15 semanas, contabilizando 41 sessões de 45 minutos. A aptidão física foi avaliada por testes selecionados do Senior Fitness Test e do Manual de Avaliação Funcional para o Risco de Quedas em Pessoas Idosas do ESACA, dinamómetro manual, e com a impedância bioelétrica. A aptidão cognitiva foi avaliada com o Teste de Memória de Dígitos, Trail Making Test (TMT), Teste de Cores e Palavras Stroop e Tarefa de Tempo de Reação de Deary-Liewald. Para a avaliação da Qualidade de Vida foi utilizado o Audit of Diabetes Dependent Quality of Life (ADDQoL). Resultados: Na pré intervenção não houve diferenças significativas entre o grupo de intervenção (GI) e o grupo de controle (GC). O GI no pós intervenção obteve melhorias significas no Perímetro da Cintura (p<0,05), na Relação Cintura Anca (p<0,05), no Teste de Preensão Manual (p<0,05) no Sentar-Levantar (p<0,05), Caminhar 2,44 metros e voltar a sentar (p<0,001), no Teste de Caminhar 6 minutos (p<0,001), na perceção da QV atual (p<0,05), no TMT B (p<0,05), e nos Testes de Memória (p<0,01). Os valores obtidos no questionário de satisfação na prática (PACES) foram próximos dos valores máximos possíveis. Conclusão: O Aball 1 parece ser uma alternativa e/ou complemento às propostas de EF convencionais, com resultados positivos sobre padrões de aptidão funcional e cognitivos em pessoas com DM2, que permitem melhorias de saúde adjacentes assinaláveis. Revelou ser uma estratégia motivante e divertida, que pode ter impactos positivos na adesão, assiduidade, e diminuição de abandono da prática de EF; Abstract: EFFECTS OF THE ABALL 1 GAME APPLICATION ON PHYSICAL, COGNITIVE AND HEALTH FITNESS PARAMETERS IN TYPE 2 DIABETIC SUBJECTS Objective: To study the effects of applying an exercise program using Aball1, as an alternative and/or complement to the conventional exercise proposals for physical exercise (PE) in people with Type 2 Diabetes (DM2). Methodology: The sample of this study was constituted in a final phase by 31 people of both sexes with DM2, subdivided in the intervention group with 15 (70.4 ± 7.1 years) and in the control group with 16 participants (68.8 ± 10, 8 years). Those who participated in the intervention, performed a multimodal PE program based on the Aball1 game, for 15 weeks, counting 41sessions with 45-minute. Physical fitness was assessed by some tests selected from the Senior Fitness Test and the Functional Assessment Manual for the Risk of Falls in the Elderly at ESACA, a manual dynamometer, and bioelectrical impedance. Cognitive fitness was assessed using the Digit Memory Test, Trail Making Test (TMT), Stroop Color and Word Test and Deary-Liewald reaction time task. For the assessment of Quality of Life, the Audit of Diabetes Dependent Quality of Life (ADDQoL) was used. Results: In the pre-intervention there were no significant differences between the intervention group (IG) and the control group (CG). The follow-up intervention group achieved significant improvements in the Waist Circumference (p<0,05), Hip Waist Ratio (p<0,05), in the Manual Grip Test (p<0,05), Chair Stand Test (p<0,05), Time Up and Go Test (TUG) (p<0,01), in the 6-minute walk (p<0,01), in the perception of the current QOL (p<0,05), in the TMT B (p<0,05), and in the Memory Tests (digit range) (p<0,01). The values obtained in Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale (PACES) were close to the maximum possible values. Conclusion: Aball 1 seems to be an alternative and / or complement to the conventional PE proposals, with positive results on functional and cognitive fitness patterns in people with DM2, which allow notable adjacent health improvements. It proved to be a motivating and fun strategy, which can have positive impacts on adherence, attendance, and decrease the abandonment of PE practice

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

ATLANTIC EPIPHYTES: a data set of vascular and non-vascular epiphyte plants and lichens from the Atlantic Forest

Epiphytes are hyper-diverse and one of the frequently undervalued life forms in plant surveys and biodiversity inventories. Epiphytes of the Atlantic Forest, one of the most endangered ecosystems in the world, have high endemism and radiated recently in the Pliocene. We aimed to (1) compile an extensive Atlantic Forest data set on vascular, non-vascular plants (including hemiepiphytes), and lichen epiphyte species occurrence and abundance; (2) describe the epiphyte distribution in the Atlantic Forest, in order to indicate future sampling efforts. Our work presents the first epiphyte data set with information on abundance and occurrence of epiphyte phorophyte species. All data compiled here come from three main sources provided by the authors: published sources (comprising peer-reviewed articles, books, and theses), unpublished data, and herbarium data. We compiled a data set composed of 2,095 species, from 89,270 holo/hemiepiphyte records, in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay, recorded from 1824 to early 2018. Most of the records were from qualitative data (occurrence only, 88%), well distributed throughout the Atlantic Forest. For quantitative records, the most common sampling method was individual trees (71%), followed by plot sampling (19%), and transect sampling (10%). Angiosperms (81%) were the most frequently registered group, and Bromeliaceae and Orchidaceae were the families with the greatest number of records (27,272 and 21,945, respectively). Ferns and Lycophytes presented fewer records than Angiosperms, and Polypodiaceae were the most recorded family, and more concentrated in the Southern and Southeastern regions. Data on non-vascular plants and lichens were scarce, with a few disjunct records concentrated in the Northeastern region of the Atlantic Forest. For all non-vascular plant records, Lejeuneaceae, a family of liverworts, was the most recorded family. We hope that our effort to organize scattered epiphyte data help advance the knowledge of epiphyte ecology, as well as our understanding of macroecological and biogeographical patterns in the Atlantic Forest. No copyright restrictions are associated with the data set. Please cite this Ecology Data Paper if the data are used in publication and teaching events. © 2019 The Authors. Ecology © 2019 The Ecological Society of Americ

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Fundamental rights and citizens’ right to security.

O presente artigo teve como objetivo analisar de que forma o equilíbrio entre o Direito à liberdade e à segurança é afetado pela atividade policial em resposta à ameaça terrorista. Seguindo uma estratégia de investigação qualitativa, orientamos a investigação tendo em conta o enquadramento jurídico nacional, relacionando-o com a atuação policial em resposta à imprevisível ameaça do terrorismo. Genericamente, concluímos que a atividade policial é significativamente influenciada pelo terrorismo aquando da ocorrência de atentados, altura em que se recorre, quase sempre de forma reativa, à implementação de medidas restritivas com assinalável impacto no equilíbrio do Direito à liberdade e à segurança.This article corresponds to part of the Final Project of the 2016-2017 Joint Staff Course. It aims to analyse how the balance between the right to freedom and security is influenced by police activity in response to terrorist threats. Using a qualitative investigative strategy, the study aims to analyse the national legal framework and how it relates to police activity in response to the unpredictable threat of terrorism. Generally, we concluded that Police activity.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio