Educação do campo e inovação pedagógica: perspectivas e possibilidades

As reflexões trazidas neste documento é fruto de uma longa estada no povoado de Lençóis na Escola Chico Mendes em Una-Bahia-Brasil, visando compreender quais ações pedagógicas estão sendo utilizadas para organização do conhecimento científico e social, o qual valoriza a aprendizagem do sujeito do campo. Dessa forma, para alcançar os objetivos previstos realizou-se a pesquisa à luz da etnografia, dando flexibilidade ao trabalho, construindo os ajustes necessários durante a pesquisa no campo. Nesse contexto, para a realização das análises, optou-se pela observação participante, análise dos artefatos culturais, dos documentos oficiais, diário escolar, vídeos e registros fotográficos, além da análise do discurso construído pelos sujeitos sociais: alunos, professor e comunidade, estes assumiram grande significado para a pesquisa. Por isso, pretendeu-se com este estudo, compreender se a educação do campo favorece a materialização de prática pedagógica inovadora, permitindo a participação de todos, por meio da pedagogia da equidade, e de ações multissensorias. Os resultados permitem-nos afirmar que os atos produzidos nos diversos contextos da educação do campo desse povoado valorizam a relação desses sujeitos com a terra, a aprendizagem cultural, a sua expressividade, e a ação pedagógica conscientizada. Os referenciais aqui utilizados contribuíram significativamente para interpretar o fenômeno e sustentar as possibilidades de inovação pedagógica na escola

exploring a local setting in Portugal

In Portugal, the majority of immigrants come from Portuguese-speaking countries. Among children, overweight and obesity are serious public health concerns, but a few studies include children with immigrant background. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of overweight and obesity and risk of abdominal obesity in school-age children and to explore potential determinants, considering the origin of the children’s parents (both mother and father are non-Portuguese, only one Portuguese, and both are Portuguese). A cross-sectional study included a random sample of 789 children (5–11 years old, 49.2% of males and 50.8% female) attending public primary schools in Barreiro, district of Setubal, Portugal. Fieldwork occurred from 20th April to 3rd July 2009. Data concerning socioeconomic, eating habits, and sports outside school were obtained through a questionnaire applied to the children’s person in charge. Anthropometric measures were collected by certified technicians. One-third of the children presented overweight and obesity (33.7%, 95% CI [30.0; 37.7]) and risk of abdominal obesity (16.4%, 95% CI [13.6; 19.7]) without differences according to parents’ origin. Children with immigrant background presented higher consumption of low-priced, high-sugar, and high-fat foods, with a worse situation for girls. Females from both non-Portuguese parents also practiced less sports outside school than those where one or two parents are Portuguese. Thus, promoting and monitoring a healthy diet and physical activity in this group should be prioritized in this local setting.publishersversionpublishe

INTACT Platform: a case study in a training course

The development of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) and the paradigm of modern society require that schools and training centers adapt to the new realities resulting from the need to develop learning skills throughout life, by using tools that promote collaborative learning and the decoding of emerging literacies based on multimodality. Besides, the continuous changes in the work market demand for continuous learning, preparing trainees for it means preparing them to develop collaborative and Information Technology learning skills based on e-learning, b-learning and m-learning. This poster aims to present the evaluation of using the INTACT (Interactive Teaching Materials across Culture and Technology) platform in a training context, namely the exploration and evaluation of the INTACT platform in a training course in Portugal. As such, the trainer created, developed and shared learning objects and contents on the platform in order to be used in training context, both in the classroom and in distance learning, promoting collaborative learning. At the same time, we assessed whether it is desirable and feasible to use the INTACTplatform in a training course, both from the trainer and trainee’s perspectives.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

the dilemma of the sample size calculation for sensitivity and specificity estimation

Sample size calculation in biomedical practice is typically based on the problematicWald method for a binomial proportion, with potentially dangerous consequences. This work highlights the need of incorporating the concept of conditional probability in sample size determination to avoid reduced sample sizes that lead to inadequate confidence intervals. Therefore, new definitions are proposed for coverage probability and expected length of confidence intervals for conditional probabilities, like sensitivity and specificity. The new definitions were used to assess seven confidence interval estimation methods. In order to determine the sample size, two procedures-an optimal one, based on the new definitions, and an approximation-were developed for each estimation method. Our findings confirm the similarity of the approximated sample sizes to the optimal ones. R code is provided to disseminate these methodological advances and translate them into biomedical practice.publishersversionpublishe

Surpreendente ousadia do padre Manuel. Bispo de Nampula

O Padre Manuel Vieira Pinto, como director do Movimento por um Mundo Melhor, teve intervenção de grande impacto, em Portugal, logo após o encerramento do Concílio Vaticano II. Foi o primeiro grande arauto da renovação conciliar. Na ordem interna da Igreja, promovendo os exercícios espirituais dirigidos a todos os extractos do Povo de Deus (bispos, leigos, religiosos e religiosas, seminaristas e padres). Na esfera ad extra, versando as implicações sociais do Evangelho e da doutrina conciliar no âmbito social, político e económico, ficaram famosas as suas palestras na televisão. Já como Bispo de Nampula, arrastou multidões nas conferências de Maio de 1968 no Pavilhão dos Desportos de Lisboa e no Palácio de Cristal do Porto. Ao chegar a Nampula, em 1967, teve de se confrontar de modo mais imediato do que na metrópole com o problema da guerra colonial e a negação dos direitos do Povo moçambicano, já em armas, à sua legítima autodeterminação. A renovação interna da Igreja, em simultâneo e neste contexto, em clima de aggiornamento conciliar, constituíram as duas pedras de toque que cedo o semearam no coração do povo moçambicano, por um lado, e o fizeram alvo da senha colonialista até à sua expulsão nas vésperas da revolução do 25 de Abril, por outro. Depois da independência de Moçambique, sob o paradigma marxista-leninista, a sua palavra voltou a ouvir-se, sempre com a criatividade e o desassombro de que só a fé profética é capaz

How to face uncertainties amidst the COVID-19 pandemic

Funding Information: This study was funded by Funda??o para a Ci?ncia e Tecnologia (FCT) - Doctoral Grant SFRH/BD/115382/2016, UID/04413/2020, UIDB/0006/2020 and UIDP/0006/2020. Funding Information: Funding This study was funded by Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT) -Doctoral Grant SFRH/BD/115382/2016, UID/04413/2020, UIDB/0006/2020 and UIDP/0006/2020. Competing interests None declared. Patient and public involvement Patients and/or the public were involved in the design, or conduct, or reporting, or dissemination plans of this research. Refer to the Methods section for further details. Patient consent for publication Not required. Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed. Open access This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited, appropriate credit is given, any changes made indicated, and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/. Publisher Copyright: © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2021. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.Studies which focus on the process of acculturation in the lifestyles, nutritional status and health of immigrants from the Community of Portuguese-Speaking Countries (CPLP) in the Iberian Peninsula are still scarce. This study aims to explore the influence of the acculturation process and dietary acculturation on the lifestyle and nutritional and health status of CPLP immigrants in Portugal and Spain, focusing on two Iberian contexts: Lisbon Metropolitan Area and the Basque Country. A mixed methods sequential explanatory design, combining cross-sectional studies and semistructured interviews. Official data will also be analysed. Primary data will be collected through a questionnaire and assessment of nutritional status and body composition. The estimated samples sizes are 1061 adults (≥18 years old) in the Lisbon Metropolitan Area and 573 in the Basque Country. Time-location sampling will be used for the quantitative component and non-probabilistic sampling for the qualitative component. If safety conditions are not guaranteed due to the COVID-19 pandemic, online studies will be conducted. The semistructured interviews will complement the questionnaire data and extend knowledge about the process of acculturation of CPLP immigrants and their relationship with eating habits and physical activity. Thematic analysis will be used for qualitative data. Triangulation of data derived from different methods will be carried out. An integrative approach will be used to address potential discrepancies in findings and limitations inherent to the study design. As inter-method discrepancies may occur, triangulation protocol will be used, elaborating a ‘convergence coding matrix’ to display findings emerging from each component of the study. Ethical approval was obtained through the IHMT Ethics Council (Doc No 20/2020), Portugal, and it was submitted to the Ethics Committee of the UPV/EHU (Doc No under revision), Spain.publishersversionpublishe

Dietary Patterns of the Portuguese Population with and Without Self-Reported Diabetes: Data from the Fourth National Health Interview Survey

Versão atualizada do artigo.Introduction: Given that it is not known how the dietary recommendations are followed in the diabetic population in Portugal, the general purpose of this work was to compare the dietary pattern reported by the Portuguese population with and without self-reported diabetes by combining self reported information about eating habits. Materials and methods: The study sample was derived from the fourth Portuguese National Health Interview Survey (n=41,193 respondents, aged 15 years and older living in private households). After excluding subjects with incomplete data, the study population comprised 2973 individuals with diabetes (1246 men; 1709 women) and 32244 individuals without diabetes (15536 men; 16708 women). Latent Class Analysis (LCA) statistical techniques were used to classify individuals in different groups. Results: Two latent classes: unhealthy dietary pattern (class 1) and healthy dietary pattern (class 2) were identified for people with and without diabetes. The highest proportion of participants was classified into the class of unhealthy dietary patterns both in individuals with and without diabetes. Analysis of the diet of people with and without diabetes was made including the following covariates: sex, age, marital status and education level. Conclusions: The magnitude of the association between class membership and some covariates yielded differences between diabetic and non diabetic groups. Taking into account the larger size of the class denoted by unhealthy dietary patterns, an important gap in dietary habits seems to emerge in this study and suggests that health promotion activities should be tailored to improve dietary patterns of both people with and without diabetes

Positive Self Rated Health in a Portuguese Population with Diabetes: Association with Socio-Demographic Characteristics and Behaviour Risk Factors Patterns

Introduction: Self-rated health (SRH) is a health measure related to mortality, healthcare services utilization and quality of life. Given that behaviour related risk factors do not occur in isolation, rather they cluster together it is important to examine their patterns in a population with diabetes to inform a more holistic approach in both health promotion and illness prevention strategies. This study explores the association between the patterns of behaviour risk factors in a Portuguese population aged 15 years and over with diabetes and their SRH. Methods: The study sample was derived from 2005/2006 Portuguese National Health Interview Survey. Associations with SHR were assessed using binary logistic regression model. SRH was categorized as positive (very good or good) and negative (fair, bad or very bad). Latent Class Analysis (LCA) was used to classify individuals in groups of behavioural risk factors patterns. Results: Among the population with diabetes aged ≥ 15 years (226,068 valid cases), 11% reports positive SRH and 89% reports negative SRH. Men gender, younger age, higher level of education in contrast with lower education level´s, divorced and widower marital statuses in contrast with married were associated with positive SRH in the multiple logistic regression model. Physical activity and healthy diet were associated with positive SRH, after adjusting for socio demographics characteristics. Three behavioural risk factors patterns were identified: Physically inactive (83.3%), Smokers (11.2%) and Heavy drinkers (5.5%). Conclusion: The perception of health status is essential for better planning in health, thus these findings have implications for policy makers to develop specific programmes aimed at improving public health

Moléculas antivirais: que futuro?

Projeto de Pós-Graduação/Dissertação apresentado à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Ciências FarmacêuticasEste trabalho tem como objectivo investigar e refletir sobre o futuro das moléculas antivirais, através de uma intensiva pesquisa bibliográfica e leitura de artigos científicos sobre as propriedades e desenvolvimento dos antivirais e quais os desafios que a virologia encontra no desenvolvimento de antivirais eficazes e seguros. Esta pesquisa coloca de imediato duas questões pertinentes: aperfeiçoamento de antivirais já existentes e aplicar as novas tecnologias na descoberta de novos mecanismos de ação e consequente desenvolvimento de novos fármacos. Apesar do conhecimento adquirido nesta área ao longo de várias décadas, este tipo de fármacos continua a ser produzido numa quantidade muito inferior à que seria desejável. O défice observado poderá estar relacionado com a dificuldade que os investigadores encontram em ultrapassar as maiores limitações dos antivirais, como toxicidade, latência viral, discrepância entre fase de tratamento e diagnóstico e resistência adquirida dos vírus a estes fármacos. As dificuldades nas etapas finais desta pesquisa como os ensaios clínicos em humanos, também surgem como um obstáculo ao seu desenvolvimento. (Saxena et al., 2009). Estando as infeções virais entre as maiores causas de morbilidade e mortalidade no mundo inteiro, importa refletir sobre o futuro dos fármacos antivirais como tratamento, direcionando a atenção para os que se encontram neste momento ainda numa fase precoce de desenvolvimento e apontar estratégias no sentido de melhorar este tipo de terapia. This paper aims to investigate and reflect on the future of antiviral molecules, through an intensive literature search and reading of scientific articles on the properties and development of antiviral agents and what challenges virology is to develop safe and effective antiviral. This research raises two questions immediately relevant: improvement of existing antivirals agents and apply new technologies in the discovery of new mechanisms of action and consequent development of new drugs. Despite the knowledge acquired in this area over decades, such drugs continue to be produced in an amount much lower than would be desirable. This deficit observed may be related to the difficulty that investigators are to overcome the major limitations of antiviral such as toxicity, viral latency, phase discrepancy between the treatment and diagnosis of virus and acquired resistance to these drugs. The difficulties in the final stages of this research and clinical trials in humans, also appear as an obstacle to its development (Saxena et al., 2009). Being viral infections among the major causes of morbidity and mortality in the worldwide, it is important to reflect on the future of antiviral drugs as treatment, directing attention to those who are currently at an early stage of development and strategies to improve this type of therapy

Moléculas antivirais: que futuro?

Projeto de Pós-Graduação/Dissertação apresentado à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Ciências FarmacêuticasEste trabalho tem como objectivo investigar e refletir sobre o futuro das moléculas antivirais, através de uma intensiva pesquisa bibliográfica e leitura de artigos científicos sobre as propriedades e desenvolvimento dos antivirais e quais os desafios que a virologia encontra no desenvolvimento de antivirais eficazes e seguros. Esta pesquisa coloca de imediato duas questões pertinentes: aperfeiçoamento de antivirais já existentes e aplicar as novas tecnologias na descoberta de novos mecanismos de ação e consequente desenvolvimento de novos fármacos. Apesar do conhecimento adquirido nesta área ao longo de várias décadas, este tipo de fármacos continua a ser produzido numa quantidade muito inferior à que seria desejável. O défice observado poderá estar relacionado com a dificuldade que os investigadores encontram em ultrapassar as maiores limitações dos antivirais, como toxicidade, latência viral, discrepância entre fase de tratamento e diagnóstico e resistência adquirida dos vírus a estes fármacos. As dificuldades nas etapas finais desta pesquisa como os ensaios clínicos em humanos, também surgem como um obstáculo ao seu desenvolvimento. (Saxena et al., 2009). Estando as infeções virais entre as maiores causas de morbilidade e mortalidade no mundo inteiro, importa refletir sobre o futuro dos fármacos antivirais como tratamento, direcionando a atenção para os que se encontram neste momento ainda numa fase precoce de desenvolvimento e apontar estratégias no sentido de melhorar este tipo de terapia. This paper aims to investigate and reflect on the future of antiviral molecules, through an intensive literature search and reading of scientific articles on the properties and development of antiviral agents and what challenges virology is to develop safe and effective antiviral. This research raises two questions immediately relevant: improvement of existing antivirals agents and apply new technologies in the discovery of new mechanisms of action and consequent development of new drugs. Despite the knowledge acquired in this area over decades, such drugs continue to be produced in an amount much lower than would be desirable. This deficit observed may be related to the difficulty that investigators are to overcome the major limitations of antiviral such as toxicity, viral latency, phase discrepancy between the treatment and diagnosis of virus and acquired resistance to these drugs. The difficulties in the final stages of this research and clinical trials in humans, also appear as an obstacle to its development (Saxena et al., 2009). Being viral infections among the major causes of morbidity and mortality in the worldwide, it is important to reflect on the future of antiviral drugs as treatment, directing attention to those who are currently at an early stage of development and strategies to improve this type of therapy