A (re) qualificação sócio-urbanística do Bairro Alto da Cova da Moura: os diferentes olhares institucionais.

A presente pesquisa, realizada na Área Metropolitana de Lisboa, analisa o projecto “Iniciativa Operações de Qualificação e Inserção Urbana em Bairros Críticos”, que está a ser implementado no Bairro Alto da Cova da Moura, no Concelho da Amadora. Esta investigação procura perceber se a intervenção de (re)qualificação sócio-urbanística da Cova da Moura respeita as dinâmicas do desenvolvimento local, conciliando as questões materiais com os valores imateriais do Bairro. Pretende-se ainda analisar o posicionamento dos diferentes actores sociais envolvidos neste processo e avançar algumas sugestões que possam contribuir para o sucesso desta iniciativa. Para a concretização dos objectivos foi adoptada a abordagem construtivista com recurso às fontes escritas e ao trabalho de campo durante 21 meses. Este último foi suportado pela observação participante e participação observante, entrevistas formais aos coordenadores da iniciativa, representantes e presidentes, chefes das instituições que estiveram presentes nas reuniões de concertação do Grupo de Parceiros Locais. Foram ainda realizadas entrevistas informais aos moradores residentes e não residentes de todas as faixas etárias, tendo em consideração o género e a situação deles face ao emprego. Após uma análise exaustiva percebe-se que se trata de uma iniciativa que procura uma lógica de intervenção territorial, muito inovadora na forma de construir cidades. É um modelo de intervenção experimental que integra o modelo formal das instituições Governamentais e do Poder Local de ver e intervir no processo de reabilitação urbana com o modelo informal das Associações Locais de interceder e compreender as realidades locais, propondo soluções para o seu território, tendo sempre em vista os pressuposto do desenvolvimento local.This research work examines the “Iniciativa Operações de Qualificação e Inserção Urbana em Bairros Críticos” [Qualification and urban insertion programme in marginal/deprived neighbourhoods], which is currently being implemented in Alto da Cova da Moura, a neighbourhood in the Amadora suburb of Lisbon. This investigation seeks to understand whether the Cova da Moura social and urbant (re)qualification programme takes into account local development dynamics and whether material concerns are aligned with the neighbourhood’s immaterial values. This work also examines the positioning of different social actors involved in the process and offer some suggestions that could contribute towards its success. A constructivist approach based on written sources and fieldwork during 21 months was adopted in order to achieve these aims. The fieldwork was conducted by participant observation and observant participation, formal interviews with the programme’s coordinators, representatives and chairs of boards presidents/community leaders, head of institutions who were present at the harmonisation meetings held by the local partnership groups. Informal interviews were also carried out with the resident and non-resident neighbourhood population of all age groups taking in consideration gender and their work situation. After a thorough analysis, we understand that this programme is seeking a very innovative approach in territorial intervention and the way to build towns. It is an experimental process that brings together the formal model of government institutions and local power of observing and intervening in urban rehabilitation with the informal model of local community associations of interceding and understanding local realities and offering solutions for the neighbourhood while always bearing in mind local development plans

Histomorfometric Analysis of Duodenum of Rats Submitted to Food Stress / Análise Histomorfométrica do Duodeno de Ratos Submetidos ao Estresse Alimentar

Stress was interpreted as a nonspecific reaction of the organism to a situation that would threaten its homeostasis. Several factors in the modern world can be related to this condition: the search for a perfect body, the labor market dispute or the pressure to conquer everything as fast as possible. Associated with these factors, one can add the intense, naturally stressful, routine in which man is inserted. At the experimental level, several effects are observed at a systemic and behavioral level in rats that have been submitted to food restriction models, finding that the gastrointestinal system is quite vulnerable to stress in general. In specific cases of food stress, it was observed that the manifestations vary according to the life stage of the animal and the applied model. In this sense, the present research aims to evaluate the influence of food restriction on the intestinal tunica morphology of rats submitted to a chronic food stress model. For this, 27 animals were divided into control (n = 11) and test (n = 16) groups. From the 60 th day of life, the test group was submitted to four stages, each one being performed in one day: 1) palatable diet; 2) visual stimulation to the diet, but without access; 3) fasting; 4) standard diet of the biotery. The four steps were repeated until the animals completed 90 days. In the morphometry of the duodenum were analyzed: length, width and area of vill, as well as area of intestinal gland (Lieberkühn). Statistical inference of data showed that the applied stress model affected the morphology of the stressed group, since the intestinal villi appeared wider and with less area in this group. The villi length as well as the intestinal gland area did not undergo morphological changes. The alterations found reinforce that the fasting process acts as a stressor and a predisposing factor for morphological alterations, as observed in other studies in our laboratory. However, there are not many studies in the literature that allow the knowledge of the consequences of this type of stress. In this case, further research is needed on the relationship between the gastrointestinal tract and the experimental model applied to elucidate such findings

Electrochemotherapy Associated with Calcium Electroporation in Metastatic Feline Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma

Background: Calcium electroporation (CaEP) is a novel therapeutic treatment that has been studied for cancer due to its selective killing cancer cells by necrosis and danger signals. Besides that, electrochemotherapy (ECT) is an effective local treatment that involves the administration of chemotherapeutic drugs followed by delivery of electrical pulses to the tumor. The combination with ECT and CaEP has been reported in literature suggesting that additional response of immune system could have been enhanced by electroporation with calcium. This case, report on the successful treatment with CaEP combined with ECT for treatment of a regional metastasis in a feline model of malignant melanoma.Case: A 9-year-old, mixed breed cat was referred to the veterinary clinic with a 2-month history of cutaneous peripalpebral plaque lesion (0.19 cm³) and a submandibular lymph node enlargement (0.5 cm³). Incisional biopsy of the cutaneous lesion and fine-needle aspiration of submandibular lymph node confirmed a cutaneous melanoma with submandibular lymph node metastasis. Tumor staging was set in T1N1M0 according to WHO staging criteria. ECT for the primary lesion and lymph node metastasis was proposed. For the ECT, bleomycin (15,000 UI/m²) application was performed intravenous followed by electroporation (8 pulses of 100 μs at 1000 V/cm, and 1 Hz) using a needle array electrode consisted of two parallel rows with six needles in each row. At 28-day post-ECT complete remission of the primary tumor and metastatic foci was achieved. However, 120 days after ECT, recurrence was observed in submandibular and retropharyngeal lymph nodes. A second ECT approach was performed adding to bleomycin the intra lymph nodal application of calcium gluconate. The dose of calcium gluconate was diluted in an isotonic 0.9% NaCl solution resulting in a low concentration at 9 mM, injected in both metastatic lymph nodes (submandibular total volume: 1.4 ml; retropharyngeal total volume: 0.5 mL) and pulses were delivered immediately after drug administration. No systemic adverse effects were observed. Local adverse effects were considered mild as transitory edema and ulceration post procedure. One-week post-ECT+CaEP, complete remission of local metastasis occurred. However, the patient achieved five months disease free interval, and died during a surgical approach, achieving nine months of survival time.Discussion: Feline cutaneous malignant melanoma is an aggressive disease with a short survival time for the patients with mean of 4.5 months. CaEP is a novel anticancer treatment that has been study in the past years due to its selective killing cancer cells by necrosis and danger signals. The CaEP induces supraphysiological calcium influx into neoplastic cells leading to acute ATP depletion and necrosis of tumor cells. This use could be an interesting therapeutic choice for both human and veterinary medicine. In this patient, it was demonstrated a good clinical response with its use, showing temporarily tumor remission from the case presented with disease free interval of five months when compared to other report of two months. This description showed that ECT associated with CaEP improved outcome of regional melanoma lymph node metastasis in a cat. However, further investigations are needed to understand the use of CaEP in patients for local control metastasis as well as evaluate the use of both modalities to determine its synergistic effect

EFEITO DO USO DE LODO DE ESGOTO NA QUALIDADE NUTRICIONAL E NA PRODUÇÃO DE FITOMASSA DA UROCHLOA DECUMBENS

The use of sewage sludge allows the reutilization of nutrients with yields equivalent to or greater than those obtained with chemical fertilizers, and may contribute to the improvement of degraded soils. The aim of the study was to evaluate the ability of the ETE sludge to be used together or even as an alternative to conventional chemical fertilization in braquiaria production. Thus, a completely randomized block experiment was carried out, with five treatments and six replications, where the parameters of chemical analysis and leaf mass production of the braquiaria were verified. Data were submitted to statistical analysis and regression analysis. The results show that organic fertilization was equivalent to chemical fertilization.O uso do lodo de esgoto possibilita o reaproveitamento dos nutrientes com rendimentos equivalentes ou superiores aos conseguidos com adubos químicos, podendo contribuir para melhoria dos solos degradados. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a capacidade de utilização do lodo da ETE em conjunto ou mesmo como alternativa à adubação química convencional na produção da braquiaria. Dessa forma, foi montado um experimento em blocos inteiramente casualizados, com cinco tratamentos e seis repetições, onde verificou-se os parâmetros de análise química e a produção de massa foliar da braquiária. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos à análise estatística, e análises de regressão. Mediante os resultados conclui-se que a adubação orgânica se equivaleu com a adubação química

Effects of chronic food stress on morphometry and expression of nuclear organizing regions in the adult rats hippocampus Chronic food stress on morphometry and expression of agnor in the rats hippocampus / Efeitos do estresse alimentar crônico na morfometria e expressão das regiões de organização nuclear nos ratos adultos hipocampo Testemunho crônico de alimentação sobre morfometria e expressão do agnor no hippocampus das taxas

The aim of this study was to verify the immediate and late effects of chronic food stress on the expression of Nuclear Organizing Regions (NORs) in hippocampal neurons. Twenty Wistar rats were separated into two groups: test (n = 10) and control (n = 10). Food stress started from the 60th day of life and lasted for a month. After this time the animals were anesthetized, euthanized and had their hippocampus dissected. The obtained hippocampus were histologically processed, stained by the HE technique for morphological description and by the AgNOR technique for NOR analysis. From each image the total number of neurons, the number of neurons with NOR in Dispersion (NND), the total number of NORs (NNOR), and then performed a ratio of NNOR by the total number of neurons to obtain the number Of NOR by neuron (NNN). Of the analyzed variants, the number of neurons was higher (p <0.001) in the stressed group (41.98 ± 17), when compared with the control group (33.57 ± 14). In addition, NND was also higher in the stressed group (4.523 ± 4.04) than the control group (1.4 ± 2.20) with p <0.001. Thus, we have that chronic food stress increases the number of granular neurons in the hippocampus in rats as well as increases the number of NOR in dispersion. 

O enfermeiro na tomada de decisão ao paciente com infarto agudo do miocárdio em uma unidade de emergência / The nurse in decision making to the patient with acute myocardial infarction in an emergency unit

Objetivo: identificar a percepção do enfermeiro frente a tomada de decisão ao paciente com Infarto Agudo do Miocárdio em unidade de emergência. Método: Trata-se de uma Revisão Integrativa, realizada nos meses de março a agosto de 2017, sendo contemplado artigos científicos, selecionados e publicados no período de 2013 a outubro de 2017, nos idiomas português, inglês e espanhol nas bases de dados Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), Scientific Electronic Library (SciELO), BDENF (Base de dados em Enfermagem), PUBMED (Literatura Internacional em Ciências da Saúde). Resultado: Foram elegíveis 05 artigos, sendo selecionados 01 artigo na SciELO, 02 artigos na BDENF e 02 artigos na Medline. Conclusão: Conclui que o atendimento precoce é, a melhor maneira de prevenir a morte e sequelas. Desta maneira, é necessário que os profissionais de saúde procurem se aperfeiçoar mediante as tecnologias com finalidade em salvar vidas, independente dos avanços terapêuticos, as doenças cardiovasculares ainda continuam sendo a primeira causa de morte, visto que grande parte dos pacientes não recebem o tratamento adequado.

A fecundação vista através do desenho: conceções de alunos do 1º ciclo do Ensino Básico

A simple and sensitive method using solid phase microextraction (SPME) and liquid chromatography (LC) with heated online desorption (SPME-LC) was developed and validated to analyze anticonvulsants (AEDs) in human plasma samples. A heated lab-made interface chamber was used in the desorption procedure, which allowed the transference of the whole extracted sample. The SPME conditions were optimized by applying an experimental design. Important factors are discussed such as fiber coating types, pH, extraction time and desorption conditions. The drugs were analyzed by LC, using a C18 column (150 mm x 4.6 mm x 5 mm); and 50 mmol L-1, pH 5.50 ammonium acetate buffer : acetonitrile : methanol (55 : 22 : 23 v/v) as the mobile phase with a flow rate of 0.8 mL min(-1). The suggested method presented precision (intra-assay and inter-assay), linearity and limit of quantification (LOQ) all adequate for the therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of AEDs in plasma