Valorisation de plastiques recyclés en provenance des centres de tri

Ce projet de maîtrise s'inscrit à la suite de nombreuses demandes de plusieurs municipalités auprès des entreprises oeuvrant dans la fabrication de bacs roulants, de créer un nouveau bac de recyclage contenant un certain pourcentage de polymères recyclés. Scientifiquement parlant, il s'agit d'améliorer et d'optimiser le recyclage du polyethylene de haute densité et du polypropylene d'origine post-consommation, soit en fait de transformer la matière plastique de la plupart des produits domestiques et fabriquer un bac roulant fait à partir de 25% de matières plastiques recyclées. Le produit fini doit posséder les caractéristiques demandées et rencontrer les exigences requises habituellement pour la fabrication d'un bac roulant (bac à ordure, à recyclage ou à composte) en définitive le même que celui produit chez IPL par un procédé de moulage par injection. C'est donc dans cette optique que les recettes contenant à la fois des résines vierges et résines recyclées selon le ratio prédéfini de 75/25, ont été réalisées. De plus, pour certains de ces mélanges, il y a eu ajout d'un agent couplant destiné à en améliorer les propriétés mécaniques. Par ailleurs, le choix du meilleur mélange s'est effectué à partir de propriétés mécaniques obtenues à l'aide de tests appropriés permettant de les sélectionner. Il fallait également déterminer le moyen pour diminuer la tonalité de la couleur lors du procédé d'extrusion

Well-being, gender, and psychological health in school-aged children

BACKGROUND:Despite being a well-documented phenomenon, gender differences in psychological health complaints in adolescence are poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to test factors related to well-being as explanatory factors of gender differences in psychological complaints (feeling low, irritability or bad temper, nervousness, and sleeping difficulties) in adolescence.METHODS:This study was based on the 9(th) Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study, conducted in 2010 in the Wallonia-Brussels Federation, Belgium, on 9-24 year olds. Using logistic regression analyses, we studied gender differences in psychological complaints through well-being factors (life satisfaction, self-confidence, helplessness, and body image), across age categories, and examined the variation of female excess after taking into account each factor.RESULTS:The four well-being factors together explained more than half of the female excess in feeling low. However, there were still significant gender differences in feeling low for children over 13. Among 13 to 15-year-olds, there were no gender differences in irritability after adjustment. An important decrease in gender differences in nervousness was observed in the multivariate analyses, although there was still significant female excess in nervousness increasing from 13 years old. After full adjustment, only gender differences in sleeping difficulties among 13-15-year-olds remained significant. For all psychological complaints studied, self-confidence caused the most important decrease in gender difference.CONCLUSIONS:This study showed that factors related to well-being could mediate the association between gender and psychological complaints, and pointed to the importance of taking into account well-being factors in the analyses of the aetiology of gender differences in psychological complaints. However, our results suggested that future research should explore additional explanations for gender differences in psychological complaints.SCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Pas tous dans le même bateau face à la pandémie – Lorsque la distanciation physique rend visibles les inégalités entre les étudiant.es de l’UQAC

Afin de documenter les inégalités révélées ou exacerbées par la crise de la COVID-19, et de mesurer les impacts des mesures de distanciation sur la santé physique et mentale des étudiant.e.s, nous avons mené une étude mixte (qualitative et quantitative) afin de collecter des données auprès de 413 étudiant.e.s en provenance de 6 établissements du Réseau de l’Université du Québec (UQAC, UQAR, UQO, UQAM, UQTR et INRS). Nous publions ici les premiers résultats de cette étude, portant uniquement sur les réponses obtenues auprès de 123 répondant.e.s inscrit.e.s à temps plein ou à temps partiel dans un programme de l’UQAC, au semestre d’hiver 2020. Les résultats témoignent des inégalités vécues, de même que des défis spécifiques soulevés au moment de la collecte de données

Brief Report: Impact of ART Classes on the Increasing Risk of Cerebral Small-Vessel Disease in Middle-Aged, Well-Controlled, cART-Treated, HIV-Infected Individuals

International audienceBackground: Cerebral small-vessel disease (CSVD) is a chronic disease accounting for one-third of strokes and the second etiology of dementia. Despite sustained immunovirological control, CSVD prevalence is doubled in middle-aged persons living with HIV (PLHIVs), even after adjustment for traditional cardiovascular risk factors. We aimed to investigate whether exposure to any antiretroviral drug class could be associated with an increasing risk of CSVD.Methods: The MicroBREAK-2 case-control study (NCT02210130) enrolled PLHIVs aged 50 years and older, treated with combined antiretroviral therapy for ≥5 years, with plasma HIV load controlled for ≥12 months. Cases were PLHIVs with radiologically defined CSVD, and controls were CSVD-free PLHIVs matched for age (±5 years), sex, and year of HIV diagnosis (±5 years). Multivariable conditional logistic regression analyses focused on cumulative exposure to nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, protease inhibitors and/or exposure to integrase inhibitors (yes or no), adjusted for hypertension, CD4 nadir, current CD4/CD8 ratio, and HIV transmission group.Results: Between May 2014 and April 2017, 77 cases and 77 controls (85.7% males) were recruited. PLHIVs' median age was 57.6 years, and median HIV diagnosis year was 1992. The increasing risk of CSVD was not associated with exposure to any ART class.Conclusion: No deleterious effect of ART class exposure on the risk of CSVD was found for middle-aged treated PLHIVs

CD117hi expression identifies a human fetal Hematopoietic Stem Cell population with high proliferation and self-renewal potential

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TUBG1 missense variants underlying cortical malformations disrupt neuronal locomotion and microtubule dynamics but not neurogenesis

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Spectrum of Mutations in Gitelman Syndrome

Gitelman's syndrome (GS) is a rare, autosomal recessive, salt-losing tubulopathy caused by mutations in the SLC12A3 gene, which encodes the thiazide-sensitive NaCl cotransporter (NCC). Because 18 to 40% of suspected GS patients carry only one SLC12A3 mutant allele, large genomic rearrangements may account for unidentified mutations. Here, we directly sequenced genomic DNA from a large cohort of 448 unrelated patients suspected of having GS. We found 172 distinct mutations, of which 100 were unreported previously. In 315 patients (70%), we identified two mutations; in 81 patients (18%), we identified one; and in 52 patients (12%), we did not detect a mutation. In 88 patients, we performed a search for large rearrangements by multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) and found nine deletions and two duplications in 24 of the 51 heterozygous patients. A second technique confirmed each rearrangement. Based on the breakpoints of seven deletions, nonallelic homologous recombination by Alu sequences and nonhomologous end-joining probably favor these intragenic deletions. In summary, missense mutations account for approximately 59% of the mutations in Gitelman's syndrome, and there is a predisposition to large rearrangements (6% of our cases) caused by the presence of repeated sequences within the SLC12A3 gene

Chronic Peripheral Inflammation is Associated With Cognitive Impairment ă in Schizophrenia: Results From the Multicentric FACE-SZ Dataset

International audienceObjectives: Inflammation, measured by abnormal blood C-reactive protein ă (CRP) level, has been described in schizophrenia (SZ), being ă inconsistently related to impaired cognitive functions. The aim of the ă present study is to investigate cognitive impairment associated with ă abnormal CRP levels in a large multi-centric sample of ă community-dwelling SZ patients, using a comprehensive neuropsychological ă battery. Method: Three hundred sixty-nine community-dwelling stable SZ ă subjects (76.2% men, mean age 32.7 y) were included and tested with a ă comprehensive battery of neuropsychological tests. Abnormal CRP level ă was defined as >3 mg/L. Results: Multiple factor analysis revealed that ă abnormal CRP levels, found in 104 patients (28.2%), were associated ă with impaired General Intellectual Ability and Abstract Reasoning (aOR = ă 0.56, 95% CI 0.35-0.90, P = .014), independently of age, sex, education ă level, psychotic symptomatology, treatments, and addiction ă comorbidities. Abnormal CRP levels were also associated with the decline ă of all components of working memory (respectively effect size [ ES] = ă 0.25, P = .033; ES = 0.27, P = .04; ES = 0.33, P = .006; and ES = 0.38, ă P = .004) and a wide range of other impaired cognitive functions, ă including memory (ES = 0.26, P = .026), learning abilities (ES = 0.28, P ă = .035), semantic memory (ES = 0.26, P = .026), mental flexibility (ES = ă 0.26, P = .044), visual attention (ES = 0.23, P = .004) and speed of ă processing (ES = 0.23, P = .043). Conclusion: Our results suggest that ă abnormal CRP level is associated with cognitive impairment in SZ. ă Evaluating the effectiveness of neuroprotective anti-inflammatory ă strategies is needed in order to prevent cognitive impairment in SZ