Aplicación de un plan de seguridad y salud en el trabajo para prevenir los accidentes laborales en el área de procesos en Ricardo Chipana SAC, Chincha Alta, 2020

La presente investigación titulada: Aplicación de un Plan de Seguridad y Salud en el Trabajo para prevenir los accidentes laborales en el área de procesos en Ricardo Chipana SAC, Chincha Alta, 2020, tuvo como objetivo determinar cómo el Plan de Seguridad y Salud en el Trabajo logra prevenir los accidentes laborales en el área de procesos en Ricardo Chipana SAC, Chincha Alta, 2020. El problema de la investigación planteado fue ¿De qué manera el Plan de Seguridad y Salud en el Trabajo prevendrá los accidentes laborales en el área de procesos en Ricardo Chipana SAC, Chincha Alta, 2020? La investigación se desarrolló mediante el diseño pre experimental de tipo aplicada debido a que se buscó prevenir los accidentes laborales. La población estuvo representada por todos los accidentes laborales registrados por la empresa Ricardo Chipana SAC entre los meses de enero, febrero y marzo para el pre test y julio, agosto y setiembre para el post test. Finalmente se determinó mediante el estadígrafo Wilcoxon la aceptación de la hipótesis del investigador logrando en prevención de accidentes se mejoró de 3.5 es decir un promedio de 3 accidentes ocurridos en el periodo de estudio a la media que fue de 1.42 es decir un promedio de ocurrencia de 1 accidente. Respecto a riesgos, se logró una reducción de 277.8 en los riesgos en el área de procesos en Ricardo Chipana SAC. y en los peligros se logró una reducción de 433.92 en el peligro que se da en el área de procesos en Ricardo Chipana SAC

Una Manera diferente de enseñar inglés

La experiencia investigativa a través de prácticas experimentales ha logrado, no solo un mejoramiento cualitativo del proceso de aprendizaje, sino también una actitud y visión positiva frente al conocimiento y la inclusión del inglés como lengua extranjera en el nivel de básica primaria

Una Manera diferente de enseñar inglés

La experiencia investigativa a través de prácticas experimentales ha logrado, no solo un mejoramiento cualitativo del proceso de aprendizaje, sino también una actitud y visión positiva frente al conocimiento y la inclusión del inglés como lengua extranjera en el nivel de básica primaria

Estoque de carbono e mitigação de metano produzido por bovinos em sistema integração pecuária-floresta (IPF) com eucalipto no Sudeste Paraense/ Carbon stock and methane mitigation produced by cattle in a integrated livestock-forestry system (IPF) with eucalyptus in southeast Pará State

Os sistemas integrados de produção são estratégias que visam a produção sustentável, integrando atividades agrícolas, pecuárias e florestais, realizadas na mesma área buscado a associação entre os diversos componentes agrícolas e do ecossistema, englobando a adequação ambiental, valorização do homem e a viabilidade econômica. Dentre os benefícios do sistema está a diminuição da emissão de CO2 para atmosfera e consequentemente a mitigação das mudanças climáticas. Neste trabalho objetivou-se estimar o estoque de carbono do eucalipto e o seu potencial de neutralizar as emissões de metano entérico de bovino pela fixação de CO2 no componente florestal em um sistema pecuária-floresta (PF). Os dados foram coletados em um sistema ILPF implantado na Fazenda Mogi Guaçu, município de Paragominas – PA. Para a avaliação do estoque de carbono da espécie florestal foram realizadas duas medições aos 6,7 e 8,3 anos de idade em 4 parcelas de 924 m². Foram avaliadas 40 novilhas da raça nelore, com idade média inicial de 19 meses rotacionadas em 4 piquetes de 5 hectares, onde o período de observação foi de aproximadamente 1 ano avaliando o desenvolvimento ponderal dos animais. Observou-se que as emissões de metano pelos animais foram neutralizadas pela fixação do CO2 eq no fuste das árvores de eucalipto, mantendo um saldo positivo de 0,1645 Mg ha-1, mesmo quando considerado no balanço apenas 25% do volume útil após o desdobro em serraria

Estudios de Caso sobre Ciencias Agropecuarias y Rurales en el siglo XXI.

Libro científico sobre estudios de casos en el medio agropecuario y ruralCon el advenimiento del siglo XXI y el avance de los procesos de globalización, el medio rural presenta diversos cambios económicos, sociales, políticos y culturales. Lo anterior significa que el campo es un objeto de estudio altamente dinámico, complejo e inasible. las ciencias agropecuarias y rurales, en la actualidad, requieren de un abordaje sistémico e interdisciplinario que den cuenta de la heterogeneidad de situaciones y contextos que enfrenta el campo mexicano. La presente obra agrupa 18 estudios de caso, que capturan algunas fotografías de las diversas problemáticas de la ruralidad mexicana, con lo cual se pretende dar cuenta tanto de los objetivos de estudio como de la perspectiva teórico metodológico desde que estos son abordados. lo anterior tiene que ver con el hecho de que las ciencias agropecuarias y rurales manifiestan un alto grado de observación empírica, motivo por el que los estudios de caso se convierten en la perspectiva metodológica idónea que permite ir y venir de la realidad a la teoría y viceversa para la construcción de objetos de estudio. En este volumen se aborda una gran diversidad de casos, que sintetizan la heterogeneidad de enfoques y perspectivas mediante las cuales los fenómenos agropecuarios y rurales han sido abordados en el Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Rurales de la Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, en los últimos 30 años

Clonal chromosomal mosaicism and loss of chromosome Y in elderly men increase vulnerability for SARS-CoV-2

The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19) had an estimated overall case fatality ratio of 1.38% (pre-vaccination), being 53% higher in males and increasing exponentially with age. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, we found 133 cases (1.42%) with detectable clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations (mCA) and 226 males (5.08%) with acquired loss of chromosome Y (LOY). Individuals with clonal mosaic events (mCA and/or LOY) showed a 54% increase in the risk of COVID-19 lethality. LOY is associated with transcriptomic biomarkers of immune dysfunction, pro-coagulation activity and cardiovascular risk. Interferon-induced genes involved in the initial immune response to SARS-CoV-2 are also down-regulated in LOY. Thus, mCA and LOY underlie at least part of the sex-biased severity and mortality of COVID-19 in aging patients. Given its potential therapeutic and prognostic relevance, evaluation of clonal mosaicism should be implemented as biomarker of COVID-19 severity in elderly people. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, individuals with clonal mosaic events (clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations and/or loss of chromosome Y) showed an increased risk of COVID-19 lethality

Mortality from gastrointestinal congenital anomalies at 264 hospitals in 74 low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries: a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study

Summary Background Congenital anomalies are the fifth leading cause of mortality in children younger than 5 years globally. Many gastrointestinal congenital anomalies are fatal without timely access to neonatal surgical care, but few studies have been done on these conditions in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared outcomes of the seven most common gastrointestinal congenital anomalies in low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries globally, and identified factors associated with mortality. Methods We did a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of patients younger than 16 years, presenting to hospital for the first time with oesophageal atresia, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, intestinal atresia, gastroschisis, exomphalos, anorectal malformation, and Hirschsprung’s disease. Recruitment was of consecutive patients for a minimum of 1 month between October, 2018, and April, 2019. We collected data on patient demographics, clinical status, interventions, and outcomes using the REDCap platform. Patients were followed up for 30 days after primary intervention, or 30 days after admission if they did not receive an intervention. The primary outcome was all-cause, in-hospital mortality for all conditions combined and each condition individually, stratified by country income status. We did a complete case analysis. Findings We included 3849 patients with 3975 study conditions (560 with oesophageal atresia, 448 with congenital diaphragmatic hernia, 681 with intestinal atresia, 453 with gastroschisis, 325 with exomphalos, 991 with anorectal malformation, and 517 with Hirschsprung’s disease) from 264 hospitals (89 in high-income countries, 166 in middleincome countries, and nine in low-income countries) in 74 countries. Of the 3849 patients, 2231 (58·0%) were male. Median gestational age at birth was 38 weeks (IQR 36–39) and median bodyweight at presentation was 2·8 kg (2·3–3·3). Mortality among all patients was 37 (39·8%) of 93 in low-income countries, 583 (20·4%) of 2860 in middle-income countries, and 50 (5·6%) of 896 in high-income countries (p<0·0001 between all country income groups). Gastroschisis had the greatest difference in mortality between country income strata (nine [90·0%] of ten in lowincome countries, 97 [31·9%] of 304 in middle-income countries, and two [1·4%] of 139 in high-income countries; p≤0·0001 between all country income groups). Factors significantly associated with higher mortality for all patients combined included country income status (low-income vs high-income countries, risk ratio 2·78 [95% CI 1·88–4·11], p<0·0001; middle-income vs high-income countries, 2·11 [1·59–2·79], p<0·0001), sepsis at presentation (1·20 [1·04–1·40], p=0·016), higher American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score at primary intervention (ASA 4–5 vs ASA 1–2, 1·82 [1·40–2·35], p<0·0001; ASA 3 vs ASA 1–2, 1·58, [1·30–1·92], p<0·0001]), surgical safety checklist not used (1·39 [1·02–1·90], p=0·035), and ventilation or parenteral nutrition unavailable when needed (ventilation 1·96, [1·41–2·71], p=0·0001; parenteral nutrition 1·35, [1·05–1·74], p=0·018). Administration of parenteral nutrition (0·61, [0·47–0·79], p=0·0002) and use of a peripherally inserted central catheter (0·65 [0·50–0·86], p=0·0024) or percutaneous central line (0·69 [0·48–1·00], p=0·049) were associated with lower mortality. Interpretation Unacceptable differences in mortality exist for gastrointestinal congenital anomalies between lowincome, middle-income, and high-income countries. Improving access to quality neonatal surgical care in LMICs will be vital to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 3.2 of ending preventable deaths in neonates and children younger than 5 years by 2030

Multiorgan MRI findings after hospitalisation with COVID-19 in the UK (C-MORE): a prospective, multicentre, observational cohort study

Introduction: The multiorgan impact of moderate to severe coronavirus infections in the post-acute phase is still poorly understood. We aimed to evaluate the excess burden of multiorgan abnormalities after hospitalisation with COVID-19, evaluate their determinants, and explore associations with patient-related outcome measures. Methods: In a prospective, UK-wide, multicentre MRI follow-up study (C-MORE), adults (aged ≥18 years) discharged from hospital following COVID-19 who were included in Tier 2 of the Post-hospitalisation COVID-19 study (PHOSP-COVID) and contemporary controls with no evidence of previous COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid antibody negative) underwent multiorgan MRI (lungs, heart, brain, liver, and kidneys) with quantitative and qualitative assessment of images and clinical adjudication when relevant. Individuals with end-stage renal failure or contraindications to MRI were excluded. Participants also underwent detailed recording of symptoms, and physiological and biochemical tests. The primary outcome was the excess burden of multiorgan abnormalities (two or more organs) relative to controls, with further adjustments for potential confounders. The C-MORE study is ongoing and is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04510025. Findings: Of 2710 participants in Tier 2 of PHOSP-COVID, 531 were recruited across 13 UK-wide C-MORE sites. After exclusions, 259 C-MORE patients (mean age 57 years [SD 12]; 158 [61%] male and 101 [39%] female) who were discharged from hospital with PCR-confirmed or clinically diagnosed COVID-19 between March 1, 2020, and Nov 1, 2021, and 52 non-COVID-19 controls from the community (mean age 49 years [SD 14]; 30 [58%] male and 22 [42%] female) were included in the analysis. Patients were assessed at a median of 5·0 months (IQR 4·2–6·3) after hospital discharge. Compared with non-COVID-19 controls, patients were older, living with more obesity, and had more comorbidities. Multiorgan abnormalities on MRI were more frequent in patients than in controls (157 [61%] of 259 vs 14 [27%] of 52; p&lt;0·0001) and independently associated with COVID-19 status (odds ratio [OR] 2·9 [95% CI 1·5–5·8]; padjusted=0·0023) after adjusting for relevant confounders. Compared with controls, patients were more likely to have MRI evidence of lung abnormalities (p=0·0001; parenchymal abnormalities), brain abnormalities (p&lt;0·0001; more white matter hyperintensities and regional brain volume reduction), and kidney abnormalities (p=0·014; lower medullary T1 and loss of corticomedullary differentiation), whereas cardiac and liver MRI abnormalities were similar between patients and controls. Patients with multiorgan abnormalities were older (difference in mean age 7 years [95% CI 4–10]; mean age of 59·8 years [SD 11·7] with multiorgan abnormalities vs mean age of 52·8 years [11·9] without multiorgan abnormalities; p&lt;0·0001), more likely to have three or more comorbidities (OR 2·47 [1·32–4·82]; padjusted=0·0059), and more likely to have a more severe acute infection (acute CRP &gt;5mg/L, OR 3·55 [1·23–11·88]; padjusted=0·025) than those without multiorgan abnormalities. Presence of lung MRI abnormalities was associated with a two-fold higher risk of chest tightness, and multiorgan MRI abnormalities were associated with severe and very severe persistent physical and mental health impairment (PHOSP-COVID symptom clusters) after hospitalisation. Interpretation: After hospitalisation for COVID-19, people are at risk of multiorgan abnormalities in the medium term. Our findings emphasise the need for proactive multidisciplinary care pathways, with the potential for imaging to guide surveillance frequency and therapeutic stratification

Study of the Thermal Behavior of Organic Binders Used in Oxide-Carbon Refractory Bricks

Organic substances are used in refractory bricks manufacture as binders. In this work, two commercial binder systems currently employed in MgO-C bricks for steelmaking industry were first analyzed separately from the other components of the refractory. A resol phenolic resin alone and mixed with an ecobinder produced by treatment of tar pitch were studied by several techniques (XRD, FTIR, Raman spectroscopy, DTA/TGA and measurements of density, porosity, and mechanical and oxidation resistances) in their as-received condition, as well as after thermal treatments in conditions near to those used in the manufacture of the bricks (temperatures lower than 300 °C) and also during their service (in the range 600 °C to 1400 °C). The comparative analysis of the obtained results indicates that the ecobinder has domains of ordered carbon in its original condition, although the resin forms a stronger three-dimensional structure after treatments at low temperature (< 300 °C). When both binders are mixed and temperature rises from 600 °C onwards, experimental data show that they evolve with no or little interaction; the produced carbon has more and larger crystalline regions when the ecobinder is present. Finally, the effect of the binders’ characteristics on some properties of MgO-C bricks which have them incorporated were briefly analyzed.Fil: Pássera, Constanza L.. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ingeniería. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales; ArgentinaFil: Manfredi, Liliana Beatriz. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ingeniería. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales; ArgentinaFil: Tomba Martinez, Analia Gladys. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ingeniería. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales; Argentin