Nanoemulsion containing caffeine for cellulite treatment: characterization and in vitro evaluation

The Ginoide Hydrolipodystrophy (GHLD), commonly known as cellulite, occurs in 80-90% of the female population after the puberty period and comes from a metabolic modification in the cutaneous adipose tissue. Caffeine has been used in topical formulations due to its lipolytic action. We studied a nanoemulsion (F3) containing caffeine with two surfactants (oleth-3 and oleth-20) by emulsification method by phase inversion temperature inversion (PIT). The polydispersion indices (PDI) showed the reduced deviation of 0.1. The mean droplet size was ~ 40 nm. The evaluated constant of Ostwald, in the refrigerator condition was the most favorable during the stability test. In the In Raman spectroscopy assay, the caffeine bands found in F3 were compatible with those found in the caffeine solution (1337, 652.5 and 558.2 cm-1). There was no interaction of caffeine anhydrous with other ingredients in nanoemulsion. In the in vitro safety assay the result of 1.4 ranked the F3 as slightly irritating. In the natural membrane, cutaneous permeation test (human skin) permeate concentrations did not exceed the saturation concentration of the PBS buffer (48.96 μg/3 mL). The caffeine solution and F3 permeated statistically equal, but the nanoemulsion visually and sensorially improved the caffeine precipitation

NEOTROPICAL XENARTHRANS: a data set of occurrence of xenarthran species in the Neotropics

Xenarthrans – anteaters, sloths, and armadillos – have essential functions for ecosystem maintenance, such as insect control and nutrient cycling, playing key roles as ecosystem engineers. Because of habitat loss and fragmentation, hunting pressure, and conflicts with 24 domestic dogs, these species have been threatened locally, regionally, or even across their full distribution ranges. The Neotropics harbor 21 species of armadillos, ten anteaters, and six sloths. Our dataset includes the families Chlamyphoridae (13), Dasypodidae (7), Myrmecophagidae (3), Bradypodidae (4), and Megalonychidae (2). We have no occurrence data on Dasypus pilosus (Dasypodidae). Regarding Cyclopedidae, until recently, only one species was recognized, but new genetic studies have revealed that the group is represented by seven species. In this data-paper, we compiled a total of 42,528 records of 31 species, represented by occurrence and quantitative data, totaling 24,847 unique georeferenced records. The geographic range is from the south of the USA, Mexico, and Caribbean countries at the northern portion of the Neotropics, to its austral distribution in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. Regarding anteaters, Myrmecophaga tridactyla has the most records (n=5,941), and Cyclopes sp. has the fewest (n=240). The armadillo species with the most data is Dasypus novemcinctus (n=11,588), and the least recorded for Calyptophractus retusus (n=33). With regards to sloth species, Bradypus variegatus has the most records (n=962), and Bradypus pygmaeus has the fewest (n=12). Our main objective with Neotropical Xenarthrans is to make occurrence and quantitative data available to facilitate more ecological research, particularly if we integrate the xenarthran data with other datasets of Neotropical Series which will become available very soon (i.e. Neotropical Carnivores, Neotropical Invasive Mammals, and Neotropical Hunters and Dogs). Therefore, studies on trophic cascades, hunting pressure, habitat loss, fragmentation effects, species invasion, and climate change effects will be possible with the Neotropical Xenarthrans dataset

Sex- and age-related differences in the management and outcomes of chronic heart failure: an analysis of patients from the ESC HFA EORP Heart Failure Long-Term Registry

Aims: This study aimed to assess age- and sex-related differences in management and 1-year risk for all-cause mortality and hospitalization in chronic heart failure (HF) patients. Methods and results: Of 16 354 patients included in the European Society of Cardiology Heart Failure Long-Term Registry, 9428 chronic HF patients were analysed [median age: 66 years; 28.5% women; mean left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) 37%]. Rates of use of guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) were high (angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers, beta-blockers and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists: 85.7%, 88.7% and 58.8%, respectively). Crude GDMT utilization rates were lower in women than in men (all differences: P\ua0 64 0.001), and GDMT use became lower with ageing in both sexes, at baseline and at 1-year follow-up. Sex was not an independent predictor of GDMT prescription; however, age >75 years was a significant predictor of GDMT underutilization. Rates of all-cause mortality were lower in women than in men (7.1% vs. 8.7%; P\ua0=\ua00.015), as were rates of all-cause hospitalization (21.9% vs. 27.3%; P\ua075 years. Conclusions: There was a decline in GDMT use with advanced age in both sexes. Sex was not an independent predictor of GDMT or adverse outcomes. However, age >75 years independently predicted lower GDMT use and higher all-cause mortality in patients with LVEF 6445%

Produtividade agrícola da cana-de-açúcar adubada com dejetos líquidos de suínos Yield of sugarcane fertilized with swine wastewaters

A pesquisa foi conduzida na Fazenda Porto, município de Alfenas-MG, e objetivou-se determinar o efeito da dosagem de dejetos líquidos de suínos, na produtividade da cana-de-açúcar. Utilizaram-se dejetos líquidos de suínos nas dosagens de 0, 40, 80, 120, 160 e 200 m³/ha, aplicados em uma vez, e adubação química convencional, em uma lavoura de cana-de-açúcar de 2º corte, variedade SP81-3250, em latossolo vermelho escuro distrófico (LVEd). O delineamento utilizado foi o de blocos casualizados com quatro repetições. Para comparação de médias, utilizou-se o programa SISVAR e o teste de Scott-Knott. A colheita foi feita um ano após a implantação do experimento. Foram determinadas a produtividade agrícola e a qualidade tecnológica da cana-de-açúcar. A dosagem de 40 m³/ha equivaleu à adubação química, sendo que as demais apresentaram produtividades agrícolas superiores de 76,5% a 96,3% maior que a testemunha, que foi de 58,10t/ha. Quanto à qualidade tecnológica dos colmos, não foi verificada diferença estatística. Os dejetos líquidos de suínos proporcionaram aumentos significativos na produtividade de colmos da cana-de-açúcar, não comprometendo a qualidade tecnológica.The present research was carried out at Fazenda Porto, Alfenas-MG, with the purpose of determining the effect of doses of swine wastewaters on sugarcane productivity. Two types of fertilization were tested on a second-cut sugarcane plantation, variety SP 81-3250, on dark red dystrophic latosol (LVEd): (1) swine wastewaters were used in the doses of 0, 40, 80, 120, 160 and 200 m³/ha, and applied all at once and (2) conventional chemical fertilization. The experimental design used was the randomized blocks with four replications. To compare the means, the SISVAR program and the Scott-Knott test were used. The harvest was made one year after the experiment implantation. The agricultural productivity and technological quality of sugarcane were determined. The dose of 40 m³/ha was equivalent to the chemical fertilizing, while the others showed 76.5% - 96.3% higher productivity when compared to the reference plantation (58.10t/ha). No statistical difference was found with regard to the technological quality of the stalks. The swine wastewaters provided significant increases in the sugarcane stalk productivity without jeopardizing the technological quality

Mapeamento do fluxo de valor de processo de construção virtual baseado em BIM

Este artigo relata um estudo de caso sobre o processo de construção virtual comprometido com a solução de interfaces de projetos e com a produção de um modelo 3D compatibilizado para a extração de quantitativos com confiabilidade. O propósito é estabelecer um quadro descritivo desse processo com a utilização de ferramentas de abordagens lean construction. Para isso, foi realizada uma revisão de literatura, uma análise documental e entrevistas com participantes-chave sob a perspectiva de uma metodologia qualitativa. O estudo foi realizado a fim de abordar duas questões específicas: como funciona a interação da equipe de construção virtual e como se dá a distribuição do tempo das tarefas. Os resultados demonstram que as tarefas que demandam a maior quantidade de horas de trabalho são a modelagem de arquitetura, de instalações sanitárias e de instalações elétricas. A principal contribuição deste trabalho é fornecer o detalhamento de uma experiência de construção virtual, seus elementos e suas interações. Apresenta ainda dados de produtividade das tarefas desenvolvidas por uma equipe de construção virtual bem estabelecida

A fotografia na imprensa diária paulistana nas primeiras décadas do século XX: O Estado de S. Paulo Photography in the first decades of the twentieth century as reported by São Paulo state daily press: O Estado de S. Paulo

A pesquisa recupera as imagens fotográficas publicadas nas edições diárias do jornal O Estado de S. Paulo, de 1910 a 1929, identificando os temas mais recorrentes publicados pelo periódico. Com metodologia histórica, documental e de estudos de comunicação procedeu-se à organização e análise das imagens. Através da catalogação e ordenação das fotografias por datas de publicação, editorias em que foram publicadas e temas fotográficos mais recorrentes, presentes nos registros impressos, estruturou-se um banco de dados que permitiu a quantificação e o cruzamento dos registros e informações referentes a essa documentação. A análise de dados permitiu identificar elementos da formação da visualidade jornalística no país e traz subsídios para os estudos da história visual da imprensa brasileira.<br>This research retrieves photography images that were published in daily issues of O Estado de S. Paulo newspaper from 1910 to 1929, pointing out the most recurrent subjects presented in these editions. Perfect organization and analysis of the images were obtained by means of a methodology based on previous historical, documental and communication studies. A database was compiled by using a thorough arrangement and a catalogue of the pictures according the date when were released, editorials where they were published on and the most recurrent photographic subjects present in the printed registry. Therefore, the data obtained and information related to this documentation could be confronted and quantified. The data analysis allowed to identify some important factors of the press view in our country and carry a great deal of information for further studies on the visual history of the Brazilian press