Wdrażanie funduszy europejskich w polskim rolnictwie na przykładzie Programu Rozwoju Obszarów Wiejskich na lata 2014–2020

The paper presents the implementation phases of EU funds illustrated by the example of Rural Development Programme for 2014–2020. The author emphasizes the role of authorities and institutions, both the European Union and member states which are responsible for programming EU funds for rural development. The paper indicates the most relevant events and documents necessary to organize financial support from the European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development in Poland. Furthermore, it focuses on the programming of EAFRD assistance in the form of the RDP, which is implemented in Poland in the form of a single programme, together with the presentation of the allocation of funds and their changes between the initial and the final programme. The analysis of the implementation of the RDP 2014–2020 is complemented by a management area in which the division of competencies between institutions is diversified. The article also highlights problems and negligence in the implementation of selected RDP actions, whose total budget in the financial perspective of 2014–2020 in Poland is 13.5 billion zlotys.Artykuł omawia etapy projektowania i wdrażania funduszy europejskich na przykładzie Programu Rozwoju Obszarów Wiejskich na lata 2014–2020. Przedstawia odpowiedzialne za programowanie środków na rozwój obszarów wiejskich organy i instytucje po stronie Unii Europejskiej, jak i państwa członkowskiego. Wskazuje na najważniejsze wydarzenia i dokumenty niezbędne do uruchomienia pomocy finansowej ze środków Europejskiego Funduszu Rolnego na rzecz Rozwoju Obszarów Wiejskich. Koncentruje się na programowaniu pomocy z EFRROW w postaci PROW, który w Polsce realizowany jest jako jednolity program, wraz z przedstawieniem alokacji środków oraz jej zmian pomiędzy wstępnym a finalnym projektem programu. Analiza wdrażania PROW 2014–2020 uzupełniona jest o obszar zarządzania, w którym podział kompetencji pomiędzy instytucjami i organami państwa jest zróżnicowany. Artykuł wskazuje również na problemy i zaniedbania we wdrażaniu wybranych działań PROW, którego całkowity budżet w perspektywie finansowej 2014–2020w Polsce wynosi 13,5mld PLN

Multidifferential study of identified charged hadron distributions in ZZ-tagged jets in proton-proton collisions at s=\sqrt{s}=13 TeV

Jet fragmentation functions are measured for the first time in proton-proton collisions for charged pions, kaons, and protons within jets recoiling against a $Z$ boson. The charged-hadron distributions are studied longitudinally and transversely to the jet direction for jets with transverse momentum 20 $< p_{\textrm{T}} < 100$ GeV and in the pseudorapidity range $2.5 < \eta < 4$. The data sample was collected with the LHCb experiment at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.64 fb$^{-1}$. Triple differential distributions as a function of the hadron longitudinal momentum fraction, hadron transverse momentum, and jet transverse momentum are also measured for the first time. This helps constrain transverse-momentum-dependent fragmentation functions. Differences in the shapes and magnitudes of the measured distributions for the different hadron species provide insights into the hadronization process for jets predominantly initiated by light quarks.Comment: All figures and tables, along with machine-readable versions and any supplementary material and additional information, are available at https://cern.ch/lhcbproject/Publications/p/LHCb-PAPER-2022-013.html (LHCb public pages

Study of the B−→Λc+Λˉc−K−B^{-} \to \Lambda_{c}^{+} \bar{\Lambda}_{c}^{-} K^{-} decay

The decay $B^{-} \to \Lambda_{c}^{+} \bar{\Lambda}_{c}^{-} K^{-}$ is studied in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 5 $\mathrm{fb}^{-1}$ collected by the LHCb experiment. In the $\Lambda_{c}^+ K^{-}$ system, the $\Xi_{c}(2930)^{0}$ state observed at the BaBar and Belle experiments is resolved into two narrower states, $\Xi_{c}(2923)^{0}$ and $\Xi_{c}(2939)^{0}$, whose masses and widths are measured to be $$m(\Xi_{c}(2923)^{0}) = 2924.5 \pm 0.4 \pm 1.1 \,\mathrm{MeV}, \\ m(\Xi_{c}(2939)^{0}) = 2938.5 \pm 0.9 \pm 2.3 \,\mathrm{MeV}, \\ \Gamma(\Xi_{c}(2923)^{0}) = \phantom{000}4.8 \pm 0.9 \pm 1.5 \,\mathrm{MeV},\\ \Gamma(\Xi_{c}(2939)^{0}) = \phantom{00}11.0 \pm 1.9 \pm 7.5 \,\mathrm{MeV},$$ where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second systematic. The results are consistent with a previous LHCb measurement using a prompt $\Lambda_{c}^{+} K^{-}$ sample. Evidence of a new $\Xi_{c}(2880)^{0}$ state is found with a local significance of $3.8\,\sigma$, whose mass and width are measured to be $2881.8 \pm 3.1 \pm 8.5\,\mathrm{MeV}$ and $12.4 \pm 5.3 \pm 5.8 \,\mathrm{MeV}$, respectively. In addition, evidence of a new decay mode $\Xi_{c}(2790)^{0} \to \Lambda_{c}^{+} K^{-}$ is found with a significance of $3.7\,\sigma$. The relative branching fraction of $B^{-} \to \Lambda_{c}^{+} \bar{\Lambda}_{c}^{-} K^{-}$ with respect to the $B^{-} \to D^{+} D^{-} K^{-}$ decay is measured to be $2.36 \pm 0.11 \pm 0.22 \pm 0.25$, where the first uncertainty is statistical, the second systematic and the third originates from the branching fractions of charm hadron decays.Comment: All figures and tables, along with any supplementary material and additional information, are available at https://cern.ch/lhcbproject/Publications/p/LHCb-PAPER-2022-028.html (LHCb public pages

Measurement of the ratios of branching fractions R(D∗)\mathcal{R}(D^{*}) and R(D0)\mathcal{R}(D^{0})

The ratios of branching fractions $\mathcal{R}(D^{*})\equiv\mathcal{B}(\bar{B}\to D^{*}\tau^{-}\bar{\nu}_{\tau})/\mathcal{B}(\bar{B}\to D^{*}\mu^{-}\bar{\nu}_{\mu})$ and $\mathcal{R}(D^{0})\equiv\mathcal{B}(B^{-}\to D^{0}\tau^{-}\bar{\nu}_{\tau})/\mathcal{B}(B^{-}\to D^{0}\mu^{-}\bar{\nu}_{\mu})$ are measured, assuming isospin symmetry, using a sample of proton-proton collision data corresponding to 3.0 fb${ }^{-1}$ of integrated luminosity recorded by the LHCb experiment during 2011 and 2012. The tau lepton is identified in the decay mode $\tau^{-}\to\mu^{-}\nu_{\tau}\bar{\nu}_{\mu}$. The measured values are $\mathcal{R}(D^{*})=0.281\pm0.018\pm0.024$ and $\mathcal{R}(D^{0})=0.441\pm0.060\pm0.066$, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic. The correlation between these measurements is $\rho=-0.43$. Results are consistent with the current average of these quantities and are at a combined 1.9 standard deviations from the predictions based on lepton flavor universality in the Standard Model.Comment: All figures and tables, along with any supplementary material and additional information, are available at https://cern.ch/lhcbproject/Publications/p/LHCb-PAPER-2022-039.html (LHCb public pages

Measurement of forward charged hadron flow harmonics in peripheral PbPb collisions at √sNN = 5.02 TeV with the LHCb detector

Flow harmonic coefficients, v n , which are the key to studying the hydrodynamics of the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) created in heavy-ion collisions, have been measured in various collision systems and kinematic regions and using various particle species. The study of flow harmonics in a wide pseudorapidity range is particularly valuable to understand the temperature dependence of the shear viscosity to entropy density ratio of the QGP. This paper presents the first LHCb results of the second- and the third-order flow harmonic coefficients of charged hadrons as a function of transverse momentum in the forward region, corresponding to pseudorapidities between 2.0 and 4.9, using the data collected from PbPb collisions in 2018 at a center-of-mass energy of 5.02 TeV . The coefficients measured using the two-particle angular correlation analysis method are smaller than the central-pseudorapidity measurements at ALICE and ATLAS from the same collision system but share similar features

Study of CP violation in B0 → DK⋆(892)0 decays with D → Kπ(ππ), ππ(ππ), and KK final states

A measurement of CP-violating observables associated with the interference of B0 → D0K⋆ (892)0 and B0 → D¯ 0K⋆ (892)0 decay amplitudes is performed in the D0 → K∓π ±(π +π −), D0 → π +π −(π +π −), and D0 → K+K− fnal states using data collected by the LHCb experiment corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 9 fb−1 . CP-violating observables related to the interference of B0 s → D0K¯ ⋆ (892)0 and B0 s → D¯ 0K¯ ⋆ (892)0 are also measured, but no evidence for interference is found. The B0 observables are used to constrain the parameter space of the CKM angle γ and the hadronic parameters r DK⋆ B0 and δ DK⋆ B0 with inputs from other measurements. In a combined analysis, these measurements allow for four solutions in the parameter space, only one of which is consistent with the world average

Cechy komunikacji politycznej w sieciach społecznościowych. analiza z wykorzysta-niem mieszanej metodologii na przykładzie warszawskich posłów do parlamentu eu-ropejskiego

The paper presents the issues of political communication on the Internet with particular emphasis on the most popular social network. It characterizes the selected tools used in political communication on the Internet and contains a  study of Facebook activity of the Warsaw Members of the European Parliament in 2013 on the basis of own research using a mixed methodology and divides it by functions of political communication on the Internet.Artykuł przedstawia problematykę komunikacji politycznej w Internecie ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem najpopularniejszej sieci społecznościowej. Charakteryzuje stosowane narzędzia komunikacji politycznej w Internecie. Zawiera analizę aktywności warszawskich eurodeputowanych na Facebooku w 2013 roku na podstawie własnych badań z wykorzystaniem mieszanej metodologii i  dokonuje jej podziału według funkcji politycznej komunikacji w Internecie

Przedmiot rozprawy doktorskiej pt. „Zmniejszanie luki rozwojowej państw UE na przykładzie polityki transportowej”

Presentation of the dissertation on the impact of the EU transport policy on the reduction of the development gap between EU member states. The issue will be outlined in the context of legal solutions, divided by different types of transport, such as waterway, rail, road and air transport. Moreover, the impact of transport policy on the economy including investments in transport infrastructure will be analysed. Przedstawienie problematyki dysertacji o wpływie polityki transportowej UE na zmniejszanie różnic rozwojowych państw UE. Zagadnienia zostają naszkicowane w kontekście rozwiązań prawnych z podziałem na poszczególne typy transportu, tj. wodny, kolejowy, drogowy i lotniczy oraz wpływu założeń polityki transportowej na gospodarkę wraz z inwestowaniem w infrastrukturę transportową

Employee Capital Plans as an element of the social security system

Pracownicze Plany Kapitałowe to dobrowolny i powszechny system oszczędzania, przeznaczony do wykorzystania po osiągnięciu 60-tego roku życia. Środki gromadzone w ramach PPK są środkami w pełni prywatnymi. System zakłada wpłaty dokonywane zarówno przez pracownika, pracodawcę oraz budżet państwa. Celem pracy jest wskazanie czynników oddziałujących na przystępowanie pracowników do Pracowniczych Planów Kapitałowych w strukturach organizacji.W szczególności zbadane zostaną założenia i charakterystyka samego programu oraz schematy działania, na którym opierają się pracownicze plany kapitałowe w ujęciu przyszłej emerytury.Podstawowe pytanie brzmi, czy nowy program emerytalny stał się znaczącym elementem systemu zabezpieczeń społecznych w Polsce oraz jak społeczeństwo postrzega oszczędzanie za pomocą Pracowniczych Planów Kapitałowych? Całość rozważań została oparta na badaniu ankietowym wśród pracowników w organizacji objętych Pracowniczym Planem Kapitałowym.Employee Capital Plans are a voluntary and universal saving system, intended to be used after the age of 60. The funds collected under the PPK are fully private funds. The system assumes payments made by both the employee, the employer and the state budget.The aim of the work is to indicate the factors influencing the accession of employees to Employee Capital Plans in the structures of the organization. In particular, it will examine the assumptions and characteristics of the scheme itself and the patterns of action on which the employee capital plans are based in terms of future retirement.The basic question is whether the new pension scheme has become a significant element of the social security system in Poland and how does the society perceive saving through Employee Capital Plans? All considerations were based on a survey among employees in organizations covered by the Employee Capital Plan