Interpretation of Water Analysis for Livestock Suitability

This article contains a summary that analyzes the purpose of water for livestock suitability

Interpretation of Water Analysis for Livestock Suitability

Good quality water is essential for the production of livestock and poultry. In South Dakota, many water supplies have naturally occurring al that may limit their use. Livestock producers that test their water supply can make informed decisions about the stability of their water for different classes of livestock. The purpose of this guide is to assist livestock producers in the interpretation of their water analysis

Caracterización de la raza criolla colombiana Blanco Orejinegro (BON), 3. Heterosis del comportamiento reproductivo de hembras BON, Cebú y sus cruces recíprocos.

La tasa de natalidad, destete y sobrevivencia, y los índices de eficiencia de reproducción de pesos del ternero y la vaca al destete y de eficiencia productiva total: kg de ternero producidos por vaca y por kg de vacas que desteten un ternero en el hato, fueron analizados durante 1977 a 1983, en hembras Blanco Orejinegro (BON), Cebú y sus cruces recíprocos F1 BON x Cebú y Cebú x BON, apareadas con toros BON, Cebú, Charolais y Santa Gertrudis. El estudio se realizó en el Centro de Investigación El Nus (Antioquia), localizado a 800 m.s.n.m., 2200 mm de precipitación anual, 23 grados centígrados de temperatura media y 87 por ciento de humedad relativa. Los promedios de porcentaje de natalidad (67.4), porcentaje de destete (65.3) y porcentaje de sobrevivencia (96.6), la eficiencia de producción 0.49 kg y los índices de Kg de ternero producidos por vaca (132.9 kg) y kgs de vacas que desteten un ternero en el hato (0,32 kg) de las vacas cruzadas F1 fueron superiores (P menor que 0,05) a los valores medios de vacas BON y Cebú, con valores de heterosis (h) que oscilaron entre 3.03 por ciento para porcentaje de sobrevivencia hasta 38.9 por ciento para porcentaje de kgs de ternero producidos por vaca. Las vacas puras (BON y Cebú) presentaron mayores índices de natalidad cuando se aparearon con toros de su misma raza que cuando lo hicieron con toros de raza opuesta (59.5 vs 50.3 por ciento). El peso de las vacas difirió en forma significativa (P menor que 0.05), las vacas cruzadas pesaron más (429 kg) que las BON (387 kg) y Cebú (402 kg). Las vacas híbridas F1 (BON x C ebú y Cebú x BON) obtuvieron su primera cría a los 3 años de edad, mientras que las BON y Cebú a los 3.2 y 3.7 años, respectivamente (P menor que 0.01, h igual a 12.6 por ciento) y destetaron al primer parto 40 grs más peso por cada kilo de su propio peso (510 grs) que el promedio de BON y Cebú (470 grs, h igual a 8.5 por ciento).Ganado de leche-Ganadería lech

Prevalence of Disorders Recorded in Dogs Attending Primary-Care Veterinary Practices in England

Purebred dog health is thought to be compromised by an increasing occurence of inherited diseases but inadequate prevalence data on common disorders have hampered efforts to prioritise health reforms. Analysis of primary veterinary practice clinical data has been proposed for reliable estimation of disorder prevalence in dogs. Electronic patient record (EPR) data were collected on 148,741 dogs attending 93 clinics across central and south-eastern England. Analysis in detail of a random sample of EPRs relating to 3,884 dogs from 89 clinics identified the most frequently recorded disorders as otitis externa (prevalence 10.2%, 95% CI: 9.1-11.3), periodontal disease (9.3%, 95% CI: 8.3-10.3) and anal sac impaction (7.1%, 95% CI: 6.1-8.1). Using syndromic classification, the most prevalent body location affected was the head-and-neck (32.8%, 95% CI: 30.7-34.9), the most prevalent organ system affected was the integument (36.3%, 95% CI: 33.9-38.6) and the most prevalent pathophysiologic process diagnosed was inflammation (32.1%, 95% CI: 29.8-34.3). Among the twenty most-frequently recorded disorders, purebred dogs had a significantly higher prevalence compared with crossbreds for three: otitis externa (P = 0.001), obesity (P = 0.006) and skin mass lesion (P = 0.033), and popular breeds differed significantly from each other in their prevalence for five: periodontal disease (P = 0.002), overgrown nails (P = 0.004), degenerative joint disease (P = 0.005), obesity (P = 0.001) and lipoma (P = 0.003). These results fill a crucial data gap in disorder prevalence information and assist with disorder prioritisation. The results suggest that, for maximal impact, breeding reforms should target commonly-diagnosed complex disorders that are amenable to genetic improvement and should place special focus on at-risk breeds. Future studies evaluating disorder severity and duration will augment the usefulness of the disorder prevalence information reported herein

Molecular diagnosis of Burkitt\u27s lymphoma.

BACKGROUND: The distinction between Burkitt\u27s lymphoma and diffuse large-B-cell lymphoma is crucial because these two types of lymphoma require different treatments. We examined whether gene-expression profiling could reliably distinguish Burkitt\u27s lymphoma from diffuse large-B-cell lymphoma. METHODS: Tumor-biopsy specimens from 303 patients with aggressive lymphomas were profiled for gene expression and were also classified according to morphology, immunohistochemistry, and detection of the t(8;14) c-myc translocation. RESULTS: A classifier based on gene expression correctly identified all 25 pathologically verified cases of classic Burkitt\u27s lymphoma. Burkitt\u27s lymphoma was readily distinguished from diffuse large-B-cell lymphoma by the high level of expression of c-myc target genes, the expression of a subgroup of germinal-center B-cell genes, and the low level of expression of major-histocompatibility-complex class I genes and nuclear factor-kappaB target genes. Eight specimens with a pathological diagnosis of diffuse large-B-cell lymphoma had the typical gene-expression profile of Burkitt\u27s lymphoma, suggesting they represent cases of Burkitt\u27s lymphoma that are difficult to diagnose by current methods. Among 28 of the patients with a molecular diagnosis of Burkitt\u27s lymphoma, the overall survival was superior among those who had received intensive chemotherapy regimens instead of lower-dose regimens. CONCLUSIONS: Gene-expression profiling is an accurate, quantitative method for distinguishing Burkitt\u27s lymphoma from diffuse large-B-cell lymphoma

Clinical relevance of molecular characteristics in Burkitt lymphoma differs according to age

While survival has improved for Burkitt lymphoma patients, potential differences in outcome between pediatric and adult patients remain unclear. In both age groups, survival remains poor at relapse. Therefore, we conducted a comparative study in a large pediatric cohort, including 191 cases and 97 samples from adults. While TP53 and CCND3 mutation frequencies are not age related, samples from pediatric patients showed a higher frequency of mutations in ID3, DDX3X, ARID1A and SMARCA4, while several genes such as BCL2 and YY1AP1 are almost exclusively mutated in adult patients. An unbiased analysis reveals a transition of the mutational profile between 25 and 40 years of age. Survival analysis in the pediatric cohort confirms that TP53 mutations are significantly associated with higher incidence of relapse (25 ± 4% versus 6 ± 2%, p-value 0.0002). This identifies a promising molecular marker for relapse incidence in pediatric BL which will be used in future clinical trials

Etest® versus broth microdilution for ceftaroline MIC determination with Staphylococcus aureus: results from PREMIUM, a European multicentre study

Objectives: To compare the concordance of ceftaroline MIC values 24 by reference broth microdilution (BMD) and Etest (BioMérieux, France) for MSSA and MRSA isolates, respectively, in isolates from PREMIUM (D372SL00001), a European multi-centre study.  Methods: Ceftaroline MICs were determined by reference BMD and by Etest for 1,242 MSSA and MRSA from adult patients with community-acquired pneumonia or complicated skin and soft tissue infections collected between February and May 2012; tests were performed across six European laboratories. Selected isolates with ceftaroline resistance in broth (MIC >1 mg/L) were retested in three central laboratories to confirm their behaviour.  Results: Overall concordance between BMD and Etest was good, with >97% essential agreement and >95% categorical agreement. Nevertheless, 12 of the 26 MRSA isolates found resistant by BMD scored as susceptible by Etest, with MICs ≤1 mg/L, thus counting as very major errors, whereas only five of 380 MRSA found ceftaroline susceptible in BMD were mis-categorised as resistant by Etest. Twenty-one of the 26 isolates with MICs of 2 mg/L by BMD were then re-tested twice by each of three central laboratories: BMD MICs of 2 mg/L were consistently found for 19 of the 21 isolates. Among 147 Etest results for these 21 isolates (original plus six repeats per isolate) 112 were >1 mg/L.  Conclusions: BMD and Etest have good overall agreement for ceftaroline against Staphylococcus aureus; nevertheless, reliable Etest-based discrimination of the minority of ceftaroline-resistant (MIC 2 mg/L) MRSA is extremely challenging, requiring careful reading of strips, ideally with duplicate testing

Correction. "The 5th edition of The World Health Organization Classification of Haematolymphoid Tumours: Lymphoid Neoplasms" Leukemia. 2022 Jul;36(7):1720-1748

We herein present an overview of the upcoming 5th edition of the World Health Organization Classification of Haematolymphoid Tumours focussing on lymphoid neoplasms. Myeloid and histiocytic neoplasms will be presented in a separate accompanying article. Besides listing the entities of the classification, we highlight and explain changes from the revised 4th edition. These include reorganization of entities by a hierarchical system as is adopted throughout the 5th edition of the WHO classification of tumours of all organ systems, modification of nomenclature for some entities, revision of diagnostic criteria or subtypes, deletion of certain entities, and introduction of new entities, as well as inclusion of tumour-like lesions, mesenchymal lesions specific to lymph node and spleen, and germline predisposition syndromes associated with the lymphoid neoplasms