Description of the initial ontogenic development of the Dorada Brycon moorei (Characiformes: Bryconidae)

Ontogeny is a biological process associated with the appearance or disappearance of anatomical structures and physiological associated process. The objective of this work is to describe ontogenic development of Brycon moorei, an oviparous and potamodromous fish species. It is a contribution to a better understanding of its initial development. Samples were obtained from parents kept in captivity. Woynarovich-type incubators were used for the embryos and cement ponds for the larvae, both with a constant supply of water at an average temperature of 27 ºC and food availability. The hours post-fertilization (HPF) of ontogeny were recorded. The optic capsule was evident at 9 HPF, the opening of the mouth and anus at 23 and 24 HPF respectively. Duration of each phase during the embryonic period: cleavage (4 h), gastrulation (3 h), embryogenesis (7 h) and, of the larval period: vitelline larva (28 h), pre-flexion (61 h), flexion (80 h) and post-flexion (>170 h). In each period and phase the analysis of its shape was carried out using distance measurements. Larvae had a considerable increase in length with the HPF. Total number of myomers was kept constant since preflexion phase. Our results can be used to explain the general picture of early development of B. moorei under captivity conditions. Also, they can help develop better breeding methods for larvae in production and to find diagnostic characters that can be used at thein taxonomic level

Electrical and Thermal Behaviour of Crystalline Photovoltaic Solar Modules in Shading Conditions

The shadow effect caused by nearby objects or the lack of cleaning significantly affects the performance of photovoltaics (PV) installations. This article analyses the bypass diode electrical behaviour and the thermal response of a PV crystalline module under shading or soiling conditions. PV cells of different substrings were covered progressively to simulate the effect of shading or soiling while a programmable electronic DC load was connected to a PV module to set an operating voltage. Three different tests were made to different PV crystalline technology. The paper characterizes in real conditions the I-V curve, bypass diode current, and front and back side PV cell temperature with contact sensor and infrared (IR) thermography, respectively. The results showed that the operation voltage established in the PV module defines the electrical bypass diode current and thermal response under normal operating conditions, shading or soiling. To show the bypass diode behaviour in such conditions, I-V curves were obtained, pointing out the value of the current that flows through bypass diodes in the whole voltage range

Especies vegetales útiles para sistemas silvopastoriles del Caquetá, Colombia

Los sistemas silvopastoriles son útiles para mejorar el bienestar animal, la producción de leche y carne, y al mismo tiempo hacer la producción ganadera más amigable con el medio ambiente. Por lo general, un sistema silvopastoril incluye especies arbóreas que proveen sombra a los animales, y arbustos y hierbas que sirven de alimento para el ganado. Al mismo tiempo, estas especies vegetales ofrecen beneficios al medio ambiente, como mejorar la fertilidad y estructura del suelo, proteger fuentes hídricas, proveer hábitat y alimento a otras especies de mamíferos, aves e insectos benéficos que cumplen roles importantes en los agroecosistemas. Además de ser un arreglo espacial de diferentes especies vegetales, los sistemas silvopastoriles también requieren de manejo que permita asegurar la continua producción de alimentos para el ganado. Para esto es necesario conocer la capacidad de carga animal de la finca, condiciones de fertilidad del suelo y así establecer un plan de manejo adecuado con el fin de asegurar la disponibilidad de alimento para el ganado en el tiempo, y evitar la degradación de las pasturas. Este manual es producto de un ejercicio de priorización de especies útiles empleadas en los sistemas silvopastoriles en la Amazonía Norte de Colombia, que fue realizado por los ganaderos caqueteños con el apoyo de los equipos técnicos de los programas Chiribiquete, ejecutado por la Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH, y el Proyecto Paisajes Sostenibles para la Amazonía, implementado por CIAT. Ambos proyectos son parte de la Iniciativa Internacional de Protección al Clima (IKI), por encargo del Ministerio Ministerio Federal de Medio Ambiente, Protección de la Naturaleza, Obras Públicas y Seguridad Nuclear de Alemania (BMUB, por sus siglas en Alemán). El material que aquí se comparte contiene información útil sobre las características de las plantas, los usos que les pueden dar dentro de un sistema silvopastoril, otros tipos de usos que pueden tener las especies, recomendaciones de siembra, manejo y aprovechamiento. Esperamos que este documento sirva como una guía práctica para aquellos interesados en hacer de la ganadería una actividad sostenible

Comparación De Métodos Convencionales Y Moleculares Para La Detección De Giardia Lamblia En Heces Humanas

Los protozoarios del género Giardia representan algunos de los parásitos humanos más comunes en el mundo y están entre los principales causantes de infecciones gastrointestinales y enfermedades diarreicas en humanos. La detección del parásito se fundamenta generalmente en los métodos por concentración y microscopía convencional, pero estas técnicas presentan limitaciones por su baja sensibilidad e inespecificidad en el diagnóstico. En procura de mejorar los métodos de diagnóstico, las técnicas moleculares se perfilan como una alternativa promisoria. En este estudio se analizaron 88 muestras de heces provenientes de pacientes de una empresa prestadora de servicios de salud (ASSBASALUD) de la ciudad de Manizales (Caldas). Para la detección de Giardia lamblia en heces se compararon tres métodos diferentes por medio del porcentaje de positividad: los métodos convencionales de concentración de la muestra y observación microscópica, análisis por inmunoensayo (ELISA indirecto) y finalmente la amplificación de dos secuencias génicas nucleares por PCR. Se obtuvieron tres muestras positivas por concentración y microscopía convencional, dos por inmunoensayo y 26 por técnicas moleculares. El estudio sugiere que las pruebas diagnósticas rutinarias basadas en microscopía convencional e inmunoensayo, tienen más bajo porcentaje de detección de este parásito y que esta deficiencia puede ser compensada por medio de la implementación de métodos de diagnóstico molecular basados en PCR, como una estrategia complementaria de apoyo en el diagnóstico de este protozoo.AbstractThe protozoa of the genus Giardia represent one of the most common human parasites in the world and are among the main causes of gastrointestinal infections and diarrheal diseases in humans. Parasite detection is generally based on concentration and conventional microscopy methods, but these techniques have limitations due to their low sensitivity and specificity in diagnosis. In an attempt to improve the diagnostic methods, molecular techniques are emerging as a promising alternative. In this study 88 stool samples from patients of a company that provides health services (ASSBASALUD) in the city of Manizales (Caldas) were analyzed. In order to detect Giardia lamblia in stool, three different methods were compared using the positivity percent: conventional methods for concentration of the sample and microscopic observation, analysis by immunoassay (indirect ELISA) and finally the amplification of two nuclear gene sequences by PCR. Three positive samples were obtained by concentration and conventional microscopy, two by immunoassay and 26 by molecular techniques. The study suggests that routine diagnostic tests based on conventional microscopy and immunoassay have lower detection rate of this parasite and that this deficiency can be compensated by means of the implementation of molecular diagnostic methods based on PCR, as a complementary strategy to support the diagnosis of this protozoan.Los protozoarios del género Giardia representan algunos de los parásitos humanos más comunes en el mundo y están entre los principales causantes de infecciones gastrointestinales y enfermedades diarreicas en humanos. La detección del parásito se fundamenta generalmente en los métodos por concentración y microscopía convencional, pero estas técnicas presentan limitaciones por su baja sensibilidad e inespecificidad en el diagnóstico. En procura de mejorar los métodos de diagnóstico, las técnicas moleculares se perfilan como una alternativa promisoria. En este estudio se analizaron 88 muestras de heces provenientes de pacientes de una empresa prestadora de servicios de salud (ASSBASALUD) de la ciudad de Manizales (Caldas). Para la detección de Giardia lamblia en heces se compararon tres métodos diferentes por medio del porcentaje de positividad: los métodos convencionales de concentración de la muestra y observación microscópica, análisis por inmunoensayo (ELISA indirecto) y finalmente la amplificación de dos secuencias génicas nucleares por PCR. Se obtuvieron tres muestras positivas por concentración y microscopía convencional, dos por inmunoensayo y 26 por técnicas moleculares. El estudio sugiere que las pruebas diagnósticas rutinarias basadas en microscopía convencional e inmunoensayo, tienen más bajo porcentaje de detección de este parásito y que esta deficiencia puede ser compensada por medio de la implementación de métodos de diagnóstico molecular basados en PCR, como una estrategia complementaria de apoyo en el diagnóstico de este protozoo.AbstractThe protozoa of the genus Giardia represent one of the most common human parasites in the world and are among the main causes of gastrointestinal infections and diarrheal diseases in humans. Parasite detection is generally based on concentration and conventional microscopy methods, but these techniques have limitations due to their low sensitivity and specificity in diagnosis. In an attempt to improve the diagnostic methods, molecular techniques are emerging as a promising alternative. In this study 88 stool samples from patients of a company that provides health services (ASSBASALUD) in the city of Manizales (Caldas) were analyzed. In order to detect Giardia lamblia in stool, three different methods were compared using the positivity percent: conventional methods for concentration of the sample and microscopic observation, analysis by immunoassay (indirect ELISA) and finally the amplification of two nuclear gene sequences by PCR. Three positive samples were obtained by concentration and conventional microscopy, two by immunoassay and 26 by molecular techniques. The study suggests that routine diagnostic tests based on conventional microscopy and immunoassay have lower detection rate of this parasite and that this deficiency can be compensated by means of the implementation of molecular diagnostic methods based on PCR, as a complementary strategy to support the diagnosis of this protozoan

Guía de práctica clínica para la atención prehospitalaria de pacientes adultos con trauma craneoencefálico severo

En esta guía de práctica clínica, se revisarán las pautas críticas para el abordaje integral del paciente adulto con trauma craneoencefálico en el ámbito de atención prehospitalaria, generando recomendaciones basadas en evidencia científica dentro de un marco de seguridad del paciente.In this clinical practice guide, the critical guidelines for the comprehensive approach to the adult patient with head trauma in the prehospital care setting will be reviewed, generating recommendations based on scientific evidence within a patient safety framework.Alcance y objetivos -- Alcance del tema de la GPC -- Objetivo general de la GPC -- Objetivos específicos -- Usuarios -- Población -- Ámbito asistencial -- Aspectos clínicos centrales -- Aspectos clínicos abordados por la guía -- Aspectos clínicos no abordados por la guía -- Actualización de la GPC -- Metodología -- Construcción de preguntas -- Entrevista exploratoria para la identificación de dudas en el personal prehospitalario -- Formulación de preguntas clínicas -- Definición de los desenlaces -- Construcción del conjunto de la evidencia -- Formulación -- Perspectiva de los pacientes familiares y cuidadores -- Preguntas, evidencia y recomendacionesna107 página

Clinical practice guideline for surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis

La infección del sitio quirúrgico (ISQ) es una de las principales causas de infecciones asociadas a la atención en salud (IAAS), con un impacto significativo en la mortalidad y morbilidad del paciente quirúrgico, así como en los costos asociados a la atención en salud. El adecuado uso de la profilaxis quirúrgica antimicrobiana es un aspecto fundamental en la reducción del riesgo de ISQ, dado que su utilización inapropiada o indiscriminada puede representar un riesgo para los pacientes y contribuir al desarrollo de resistencia a los antimicrobianos, por lo que resulta de importancia generar directrices que permitan orientar el uso adecuado de antimicrobianos en la profilaxis del paciente quirúrgico, con el objetivo de obtener mejores desenlaces clínicos y propender por un uso racional de antibióticos. La presente guía contiene recomendaciones para profilaxis antibiótica de pacientes sometidos a procedimiento quirúrgico, basadas en la evidencia, realizadas mediante el proceso de adaptación de guías de práctica clínica para el contexto colombiano.Q4Pacientes sometidos a Profilaxis quirúrgica antimicrobianaSurgical site infection (SSI) is one of the main causes of healthcare associated infections (HAI), with a significant impact on the mortality and morbidity of the surgi-cal patient, as well as on the costs associated with health care. The adequate use of surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis being a fundamental aspect in reducing the risk of SSI, taking into account that the inappropriate or indiscriminate use of antibiotics in surgical prophylaxis may represent a risk for patients and contribute to the development of antimicrobial resistance, so it is important to generate guidelines that guide the appropriate antimicrobial prophylaxis in the surgical patient, with the aim of obtaining better clinical outcomes and promoting a rational use of antibiotics. This guide contains recommendations for antibiotic prophylaxis in patients undergoing a surgical procedure, based on evidence, carried out through the process of adapting clinical practice guidelines for the Colombian context.https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5392-7083https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2568-4667Revista Nacional - IndexadaCN

The Research Journey as a Challenge Towards New Trends

The academic community of the department of Risaralda, in its permanent interest in evidencing the results of the research processes that are carried out from the Higher Education Institutions and as a product of the VI meeting of researchers of the department of Risaralda held in November 2021 presents its work: “The journey of research as a challenge towards new trends”, which reflects the result of the latest research and advances in different lines of knowledge in Agricultural Sciences, Health Sciences, Social Sciences and Technology and Information Sciences, which seek to solve and meet the demands of the different sectors. This work would not have been possible without the help of each of the teachers, researchers and authors who presented their articles that make up each of the chapters of the book, to them our gratitude for their commitment, dedication and commitment, since their sole purpose is to contribute from the academy and science to scientific and technological development in the search for the solution of problems and thus contribute to transform the reality of our society and communities. We also wish to extend our gratitude to the institutions of the Network that made this publication possible: UTP, UCP, UNAD, UNIREMINGTON; UNISARC, CIAF, Universidad Libre, Uniclaretiana, Fundación Universitaria Comfamiliar and UNIMINUTO, institutions that in one way or another allowed this work to become a reality, which we hope will be of interest to you.Preface............................................................................................................................7 Chapter 1. Technologies and Engineering Towards a humanization in Engineering using soft skills in training in Engineers.............................................................................................................11 Omar Iván Trejos Buriticá1, Luis Eduardo Muñoz Guerrero Innovative materials in construction: review from a bibliometric analysis....................................................................................................................27 Cristian Osorio Gómez, Daniel Aristizábal Torres, Alejandro Alzate Buitrago, Cristhian Camilo Amariles López Bibliometric review of disaster risk management: progress, trends, and challenges.........................................................................................................51 Alejandro Alzate Buitrago, Gloria Milena Molina Vinasco. Incidence of land coverage and geology, in the unstability of lands of the micro-basin of the Combia creek, Pereira, Risaralda....................................73 Alejandro Alzate Buitrago, Daniel Aristizábal Torres. Chapter 2. Arts, Humanities, and Social Sciences Training experience with teachers teaching mathematics using the inquiry methodology ...............................................................................................95 Vivian Libeth Uzuriaga López, Héctor Gerardo Sánchez Bedoya. Interpretation of the multiple representations of the fears associated to the boarding of limited visual patients in the elective I students’ written productions and low vision ...................................................................................113 Eliana Bermúdez Cardona, Ana María Agudelo Guevara, Caterine Villamarín Acosta. The relevance of local knowledge in social sciences............................................131 Alberto Antonio Berón Ospina, Isabel Cristina Castillo Quintero. Basic education students’ conceptions of conflict a view from the peace for the education....................................................................................................143 Astrid Milena Calderón Cárdenas,Carolina Aguirre Arias, Carolina Franco Ossa, Martha Cecilia Gutiérrez Giraldo, Orfa Buitrago. Comprehensive risk prevention in educational settings: an interdisciplinary and socio-educational approach ............................................................................163 Olga María Henao Trujillo, Claudia María López Ortiz. Chapter 3. Natural and Agricultural Sciences Physicochemical characterization of three substrates used in the deep bedding system in swine .......................................................................................175 Juan Manuel Sánchez Rubio, Andrés Felipe Arias Roldan, Jesús Arturo Rincón Sanz, Jaime Andrés Betancourt Vásquez. Periodic solutions in AFM models........................................................................187 Daniel Cortés Zapata, Alexander Gutiérrez Gutiérrez. Phenology in flower and fruit of Rubus glaucus benth. Cv. Thornless in Risaralda: elements for phytosanitary management .........................................199 Shirley Palacios Castro, Andrés Alfonso Patiño Martínez, James Montoya Lerma, Ricardo Flórez, Harry Josué Pérez. Socio-economic and technical characterization of the cultivation of avocado (Persea americana) in Risaralda..............................................................217 Andrés Alfonso Patiño Martínez, Kelly Saudith Castañez Poveda, Eliana Gómez Correa. Biosecurity management in backyard systems in Santa Rosa de Cabal, Risaralda................................................................................................................227 Julia Victoria Arredondo Botero, Jaiver Estiben Ocampo Jaramillo, Juan Sebastián Mera Vallejo, Álvaro de Jesús Aranzazu Hernández. CONTENTS Physical-chemical diagnosis of soils in hillside areas with predominance of Lulo CV. La Selva production system in the department of Risaralda.............241 Adriana Patricia Restrepo Gallón, María Paula Landinez Montes, Jimena Tobón López. Digestibility of three concentrates used in canine feeding....................................271 María Fernanda Mejía Silva, Valentina Noreña Sánchez, Gastón Adolfo Castaño Jiménez. Chapter 4. Economic, Administrative, and Accounting Sciences Financial inclusion in households from socioeconomic strata 1 and 2 in the city of Pereira ..................................................................................................285 Lindy Neth Perea Mosquera, Marlen Isabel Redondo Ramírez, Angélica Viviana Morales. Internal marketing strategies as a competitive advantage for the company Mobilautos SAS de Dosquebradas........................................................................303 Inés Montoya Sánchez, Sandra Patricia Viana Bolaños, Ana María Barrera Rodríguez. Uses of tourist marketing in the tourist sector of the municipality of Belén de Umbría, Risaralda.............................................................................................319 Ana María Barrera Rodríguez, Paola Andrea Echeverri Gutiérrez, María Camila Parra Buitrago, Paola Andrea Martín Muñoz, Angy Paola Ángel Vélez, Luisa Natalia Trejos Ospina. Territorial prospective of Risaralda department (Colombia), based on the SDGS...............................................................................................................333 Juan Guillermo Gil García, Samanta Londoño Velásquez. Chapter 5. Health and Sports Sciences Performance evaluation in times of pandemic. What do medical students think?.......................................................................................................353 Samuel Eduardo Trujillo Henao, Rodolfo A. Cabrales Vega, Germán Alberto Moreno Gómez. The relevance of the therapist’s self and self-reference in the training of psychologists.....................................................................................................371 Maria Paula Marmolejo Lozano, Mireya Ospina Botero. Habits related to oral health which influence lifestyle of elder people in a wellness center for the elderly in Pereira 2020. .............................................387 Isadora Blanco Pérez, Olga Patricia Ramírez Rodríguez, Ángela María Rincón Hurtado. Analysis of the suicide trend in the Coffee Region in Colombia during the years 2012-2018 ..............................................................................................405 Germán Alberto Moreno Gómez, Jennifer Nessim Salazar, Jairo Franco Londoño, Juan Carlos Medina Osorio. Hind limb long bone fractures in canines and felines...........................................419 María Camila Cruz Vélez, Valentina Herrera Morales, Alba Nydia Restrepo Jiménez, Lina Marcela Palomino, Gabriel Rodolfo Izquierdo Bravo. Prevalence of overweight and obesity in children in the rural and urban area of Risaralda....................................................................................................439 Angela María Álvarez López, Angela Liceth Pérez Rendón, Alejandro Gómez Rodas, Luis Enrique Isaza Velásquez. Chapter 6. Architecture, Design and Advertising The artisan crafts of Risaralda, characteristics, importance, and risks within the Colombian Coffee Cultural Landscape, CCCL....................................457 Yaffa Nahir Ivette Gómez Barrera, Javier Alfonso López Morales

Healthcare workers hospitalized due to COVID-19 have no higher risk of death than general population. Data from the Spanish SEMI-COVID-19 Registry

Aim To determine whether healthcare workers (HCW) hospitalized in Spain due to COVID-19 have a worse prognosis than non-healthcare workers (NHCW). Methods Observational cohort study based on the SEMI-COVID-19 Registry, a nationwide registry that collects sociodemographic, clinical, laboratory, and treatment data on patients hospitalised with COVID-19 in Spain. Patients aged 20-65 years were selected. A multivariate logistic regression model was performed to identify factors associated with mortality. Results As of 22 May 2020, 4393 patients were included, of whom 419 (9.5%) were HCW. Median (interquartile range) age of HCW was 52 (15) years and 62.4% were women. Prevalence of comorbidities and severe radiological findings upon admission were less frequent in HCW. There were no difference in need of respiratory support and admission to intensive care unit, but occurrence of sepsis and in-hospital mortality was lower in HCW (1.7% vs. 3.9%; p = 0.024 and 0.7% vs. 4.8%; p<0.001 respectively). Age, male sex and comorbidity, were independently associated with higher in-hospital mortality and healthcare working with lower mortality (OR 0.211, 95%CI 0.067-0.667, p = 0.008). 30-days survival was higher in HCW (0.968 vs. 0.851 p<0.001). Conclusions Hospitalized COVID-19 HCW had fewer comorbidities and a better prognosis than NHCW. Our results suggest that professional exposure to COVID-19 in HCW does not carry more clinical severity nor mortality

Clonal chromosomal mosaicism and loss of chromosome Y in elderly men increase vulnerability for SARS-CoV-2

The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19) had an estimated overall case fatality ratio of 1.38% (pre-vaccination), being 53% higher in males and increasing exponentially with age. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, we found 133 cases (1.42%) with detectable clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations (mCA) and 226 males (5.08%) with acquired loss of chromosome Y (LOY). Individuals with clonal mosaic events (mCA and/or LOY) showed a 54% increase in the risk of COVID-19 lethality. LOY is associated with transcriptomic biomarkers of immune dysfunction, pro-coagulation activity and cardiovascular risk. Interferon-induced genes involved in the initial immune response to SARS-CoV-2 are also down-regulated in LOY. Thus, mCA and LOY underlie at least part of the sex-biased severity and mortality of COVID-19 in aging patients. Given its potential therapeutic and prognostic relevance, evaluation of clonal mosaicism should be implemented as biomarker of COVID-19 severity in elderly people. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, individuals with clonal mosaic events (clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations and/or loss of chromosome Y) showed an increased risk of COVID-19 lethality

Curso de artillería : para uso de los alumnos de la Escuela Naval y de la Escuela de Aplicación de Marina

Contiene: T. I y II. Texto -- T. III. Atla