George S. Newberry Collection, 1886-1954.

Collection is made up of eclectic mix of clippings and documents related to George S. Newberry?s career in banking, investment and insurance

Yellow Nutsedge Control and Reduced Tuber Production with S-metolachlor, Halosulfuron plus Dicamba, and Glyphosate in Furrow Irrigated Corn

Yellow nutsedge is an important weed problem in the furrow irrigated fields in the Treasure Valley of eastern Oregon and southwestern Idaho. Field studies were conducted in 2008 and 2009 to evaluate the effect of PPI S-metolachlor or EPTC followed by POST halosulfuron and dicamba plus glyphosate or glyphosate alone on foliar yellow nutsedge control and tuber production in corn. Corn plant height at 8 and 24 DAT was reduced 20% and 17%, respectively, in POST herbicides alone compared to PPI plus POST herbicide treatments. Yellow nutsedge control at 8 DAT averaged 78% for treatments that included PPI application of EPTC or S-metolachlor 1,600 g ai ha⁻¹ followed by halosulfuron plus dicamba (35 plus 155 g ha⁻¹ or 70 plus 310 g ha⁻¹) plus glyphosate 785 g ha⁻¹ compared to POST treatments alone (49%). The control at 24 DAT was 84% for treatments that contained halosulfuron plus dicamba compared to 73% for POST glyphosate alone. Yellow nutsedge tubers were reduced 56 to 68% among treatments at the end of 2008. Tuber reduction in 2009 was greater with treatments that included PPI herbicides followed by sequential halosulfuron plus dicamba (35 plus 155 g ha⁻¹) plus glyphosate compared to glyphosate alone. Corn yield reflected the level of yellow nutsedge control and early season weed interference. Treatments that included PPI herbicides had an average yield of 8.2 T ha⁻¹ compared to 6.6 T ha⁻¹ with sequential glyphosate alone. There was a correlation between percent foliar control and the number of yellow nutsedge tubers produced at the end of each year. Application of PPI herbicides followed by POST halosulfuron plus dicamba (35 plus 155 g ha⁻¹ or 70 plus 155 g ha⁻¹) plus glyphosate improved yellow nutsedge control, reduced early corn/weed competition, and produced the highest corn yield under furrow irrigated conditions.KEYWORDS: yellow nutsedge control, furrow irrigation, halosulfuron, tuber reductio

2,6-Dide­oxy-2,6-imino-l-glycero-d-ido-heptitol

The title mol­ecule, C7H15NO5, the major product from selective enzymatic oxidation followed by hydrogeno­lysis of the corresponding azido­heptitol, was found by X-ray crystallography to exisit in a chair conformation with three axial hydroxyl groups. One of the hydroxymethyl groups is disordered over two sets of sites in a 0.590 (3):0.410 (3) ratio. In the crystal, O—H⋯O, O—H⋯(O,O), O—H⋯N and N—H⋯O hydrogen bonding occurs

Avapritinib versus regorafenib in locally advanced unresectable or metastatic GI stromal tumor: A randomized, open-label phase III study

PURPOSE Primary or secondary mutations in KIT or platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFRA) underlie tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance in most GI stromal tumors (GISTs). Avapritinib selectively and potently inhibits KIT- and PDGFRA-mutant kinases. In the phase I NAVIGATOR study (NCT02508532), avapritinib showed clinical activity against PDGFRA D842V–mutant and later-line KIT-mutant GIST. VOYAGER (NCT03465722), a phase III study, evaluated efficacy and safety of avapritinib versus regorafenib as third-line or later treatment in patients with unresectable or metastatic GIST. PATIENTS AND METHODS VOYAGER randomly assigned patients 1:1 to avapritinib 300 mg once daily (4 weeks continuously) or regorafenib 160 mg once daily (3 weeks on and 1 week off). Primary end point was progression-free survival (PFS) by central radiology per RECIST version 1.1 modified for GIST. Secondary end points included objective response rate, overall survival, safety, disease control rate, and duration of response. Regorafenib to avapritinib crossover was permitted upon centrally confirmed disease progression. RESULTS Four hundred seventy-six patients were randomly assigned (avapritinib, n 5 240; regorafenib, n 5 236). Median PFS was not statistically different between avapritinib and regorafenib (hazard ratio, 1.25; 95% CI, 0.99 to 1.57; 4.2 v 5.6 months; P 5 .055). Overall survival data were immature at cutoff. Objective response rates were 17.1% and 7.2%, with durations of responses of 7.6 and 9.4 months for avapritinib and regorafenib; disease control rates were 41.7% (95% CI, 35.4 to 48.2) and 46.2% (95% CI, 39.7 to 52.8). Treatment-related adverse events (any grade, grade $ 3) were similar for avapritinib (92.5% and 55.2%) and regorafenib (96.2% and 57.7%). CONCLUSION Primary end point was not met. There was no significant difference in median PFS between avapritinib and regorafenib in patients with molecularly unselected, late-line GIST

Host Genes Related to Paneth Cells and Xenobiotic Metabolism Are Associated with Shifts in Human Ileum-Associated Microbial Composition

The aim of this study was to integrate human clinical, genotype, mRNA microarray and 16 S rRNA sequence data collected on 84 subjects with ileal Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis or control patients without inflammatory bowel diseases in order to interrogate how host-microbial interactions are perturbed in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Ex-vivo ileal mucosal biopsies were collected from the disease unaffected proximal margin of the ileum resected from patients who were undergoing initial intestinal surgery. Both RNA and DNA were extracted from the mucosal biopsy samples. Patients were genotyped for the three major NOD2 variants (Leufs1007, R702W, and G908R) and the ATG16L1T300A variant. Whole human genome mRNA expression profiles were generated using Agilent microarrays. Microbial composition profiles were determined by 454 pyrosequencing of the V3–V5 hypervariable region of the bacterial 16 S rRNA gene. The results of permutation based multivariate analysis of variance and covariance (MANCOVA) support the hypothesis that host mucosal Paneth cell and xenobiotic metabolism genes play an important role in host microbial interactions

Genetic Association Study Identifies HSPB7 as a Risk Gene for Idiopathic Dilated Cardiomyopathy

Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a structural heart disease with strong genetic background. Monogenic forms of DCM are observed in families with mutations located mostly in genes encoding structural and sarcomeric proteins. However, strong evidence suggests that genetic factors also affect the susceptibility to idiopathic DCM. To identify risk alleles for non-familial forms of DCM, we carried out a case-control association study, genotyping 664 DCM cases and 1,874 population-based healthy controls from Germany using a 50K human cardiovascular disease bead chip covering more than 2,000 genes pre-selected for cardiovascular relevance. After quality control, 30,920 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) were tested for association with the disease by logistic regression adjusted for gender, and results were genomic-control corrected. The analysis revealed a significant association between a SNP in HSPB7 gene (rs1739843, minor allele frequency 39%) and idiopathic DCM (p = 1.06×10−6, OR = 0.67 [95% CI 0.57–0.79] for the minor allele T). Three more SNPs showed p < 2.21×10−5. De novo genotyping of these four SNPs was done in three independent case-control studies of idiopathic DCM. Association between SNP rs1739843 and DCM was significant in all replication samples: Germany (n = 564, n = 981 controls, p = 2.07×10−3, OR = 0.79 [95% CI 0.67–0.92]), France 1 (n = 433 cases, n = 395 controls, p = 3.73×10−3, OR = 0.74 [95% CI 0.60–0.91]), and France 2 (n = 249 cases, n = 380 controls, p = 2.26×10−4, OR = 0.63 [95% CI 0.50–0.81]). The combined analysis of all four studies including a total of n = 1,910 cases and n = 3,630 controls showed highly significant evidence for association between rs1739843 and idiopathic DCM (p = 5.28×10−13, OR = 0.72 [95% CI 0.65–0.78]). None of the other three SNPs showed significant results in the replication stage

Exploiting Fast-Variables to Understand Population Dynamics and Evolution

We describe a continuous-time modelling framework for biological population dynamics that accounts for demographic noise. In the spirit of the methodology used by statistical physicists, transitions between the states of the system are caused by individual events while the dynamics are described in terms of the time-evolution of a probability density function. In general, the application of the diffusion approximation still leaves a description that is quite complex. However, in many biological applications one or more of the processes happen slowly relative to the system's other processes, and the dynamics can be approximated as occurring within a slow low-dimensional subspace. We review these time-scale separation arguments and analyse the more simple stochastic dynamics that result in a number of cases. We stress that it is important to retain the demographic noise derived in this way, and emphasise this point by showing that it can alter the direction of selection compared to the prediction made from an analysis of the corresponding deterministic model.Comment: 33 pages, 9 figure

Representations of 'race' in British science and culture during the eighteenth century

A dominant narrative of change is fundamental to how recent historiography has accounted for the apparent emergence of 'racial' theories in the late eighteenth century. This model argues that non-Europeans were largely evaluated and differentiated by their relative cultural qualities during the early-modern period, rather than through 'racialised' bodily features such as skin colour. With the evolution of Enlightenment sciences, these cultural varieties were supposedly eroded by categorical, scientifically validated differences between Europeans and non-Europeans. Thus modern ideas of 'racial' hierarchy are seen to originate from the 1770s onwards. This thesis re-evaluates the British contribution to 'racial science' during the eighteenth century, examining sources in a more comprehensive and intertextual manner than has so far been achieved. Juxtaposing the post-1770s anatomy, natural history and philosophy with texts from the late seventeenth century onwards, this thesis argues that there are profound representational continuities throughout this period which challenge the above shift. Common belief in specific categories of human variety, established through repeated attention to particular bodily features, is seen to be prevalent in travel literature throughout the period. Here it is maintained that the tendency towards a basic comparative anatomy in earlier texts is tantamount to a 'racial science' in itself. Four distinct representational motifs are studied herein, which are seen to operate in texts throughout the eighteenth century. Stereotypes of animality were used to convey a sense of inferior distinctiveness upon 'savage' peoples: an idea which becomes apparent in both travelogues and later anatomical works. Disproportional depictions of sensory capacity are part of this representation, whilst the use of animalised metaphor in discussions of 'interracial' breeding shows an awareness of 'racial' divides from at least the 1690s. Also explored are the connections between 'racial science' and scientific theories of sex and gender, which offer a similar challenge to the dominant historical narrative.EThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGBUnited Kingdo

Representations of 'race' in British science and culture during the eighteenth century

A dominant narrative of change is fundamental to how recent historiography has accounted for the apparent emergence of 'racial' theories in the late eighteenth century. This model argues that non-Europeans were largely evaluated and differentiated by their relative cultural qualities during the early-modern period, rather than through 'racialised' bodily features such as skin colour. With the evolution of Enlightenment sciences, these cultural varieties were supposedly eroded by categorical, scientifically validated differences between Europeans and non-Europeans. Thus modern ideas of 'racial' hierarchy are seen to originate from the 1770s onwards. This thesis re-evaluates the British contribution to 'racial science' during the eighteenth century, examining sources in a more comprehensive and intertextual manner than has so far been achieved. Juxtaposing the post-1770s anatomy, natural history and philosophy with texts from the late seventeenth century onwards, this thesis argues that there are profound representational continuities throughout this period which challenge the above shift. Common belief in specific categories of human variety, established through repeated attention to particular bodily features, is seen to be prevalent in travel literature throughout the period. Here it is maintained that the tendency towards a basic comparative anatomy in earlier texts is tantamount to a 'racial science' in itself. Four distinct representational motifs are studied herein, which are seen to operate in texts throughout the eighteenth century. Stereotypes of animality were used to convey a sense of inferior distinctiveness upon 'savage' peoples: an idea which becomes apparent in both travelogues and later anatomical works. Disproportional depictions of sensory capacity are part of this representation, whilst the use of animalised metaphor in discussions of 'interracial' breeding shows an awareness of 'racial' divides from at least the 1690s. Also explored are the connections between 'racial science' and scientific theories of sex and gender, which offer a similar challenge to the dominant historical narrative.EThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGBUnited Kingdo