Untangling IoT Global Connectivity: The Importance of Mobile Signaling Traffic

IoT plays an important role in cellular networks, and its need for global connectivity is driving the rise of Global IoT Providers. These provide service by aggregating multiple mobile providers through roaming, complicating the understanding of the overall mobile ecosystem. This calls for lightweight monitoring solutions, which are crucial to meet the quality demanded by IoT services, and of automatic means to analyze the data, with the final goal to carry out economic and management activities. This paper provides insights from the study of two commercial, widespread IoT providers. We show how monitoring signaling traffic between mobile networks offers a unique opportunity to understand both the IoT customers’ characteristics and the network functioning. Leveraging clustering, we offer the first data-driven methodology to examine large IoT signaling datasets. By analyzing over 1.3 billion signaling dialogues across two providers, we identify common signaling profiles that depend on the specific IoT vertical, likely misconfigured devices, and sudden changes that indicate potential problems. This provides actionable insights for network management decisions and service improvements, and lays the groundwork for future research on IoT traffic modeling

Marina: realizing ML-driven real-time network traffic monitoring at terabit scale

Network operators require real-time traffic monitoring insights to provide high performance and security to their customers. It has been shown that artificial intelligence and machine learning (ML) can improve the visibility of telemetry systems, especially with encrypted traffic. However, current solutions cannot cope with high traffic rates and volumes in large-scale networks. To realize the ML-driven network intelligence paradigm at terabit scale, we design Marina, a system that spreads monitoring over a highly efficient data plane, which can extract traffic statistics at line rate, and a powerful ML server, which can run monitoring inference using complex ML models. We apply temporal microaggregation into sub-second time slots and extract moment-based statistics. These allow to flexibly obtain accurate ML-based monitoring decisions during the next time slot. To demonstrate the scalability of our design, we implement and evaluate a Marina data plane prototype on a Barefoot Wedge 100BF-65X P4 switch, which can monitor more than 520,000 concurrent flows at full switching capacity of 6.4 Tbps. We validate the analytics capabilities enabled by our Marina implementation for four ML-driven real-time monitoring tasks with a broad set of standard ML models, achieving comparable or better than state-of-the-art results

A Substellar Common Proper Motion Companion to the Pleiad HII 1348

We announce the identification of a proper motion companion to the star HII 1348, a K5V member of the Pleiades open cluster. The existence of a faint point source 1.1arcsec away from HII 1348 was previously known from adaptive optics imaging by Bouvier et al. However, because of a high likelihood of background star contamination and in the absence of follow-up astrometry, Bouvier et al. tentatively concluded that the candidate companion was not physically associated with HII 1348. We establish the proper motion association of the pair from adaptive optics imaging with the Palomar 5m telescope. Adaptive optics spectroscopy with the integral field spectrograph OSIRIS on the Keck 10m telescope reveals that the companion has a spectral type of M8\pm1. According to substellar evolution models, the M8 spectral type resides within the substellar mass regime at the age of the Pleiades. The primary itself is a known double-lined spectroscopic binary, which makes the resolved companion, HII 1348B, the least massive and widest component of this hierarchical triple system and the first substellar companion to a stellar primary in the Pleiades.Comment: accepted by Ap

Adult Osteosclerotic Metaphyseal Dysplasia With Progressive Osteonecrosis of the Jaws and Abnormal Bone Resorption Pattern Due to a LRRK1 Splice Site Mutation

Osteosclerotic metaphyseal dysplasia (OSMD) is a rare autosomal recessive sclerosing skeletal dysplasia. We report on a 34-year-old patient with sandwich vertebrae, platyspondyly, osteosclerosis of the tubular bones, pathologic fractures, and anemia. In the third decade, he developed osteonecrosis of the jaws, which was progressive in spite of repeated surgical treatment over a period of 11 years. An iliac crest bone biopsy revealed the presence of hypermineralized cartilage remnants, large multinucleated osteoclasts with abnormal morphology, and inadequate bone resorption typical for osteoclast-rich osteopetrosis. After exclusion of mutations in TCIRG1 and CLCN7 we performed trio-based exome sequencing. The novel homozygous splice-site mutation c.261G>A in the gene LRRK1 was found and co-segregated with the phenotype in the family. cDNA sequencing showed nearly complete skipping of exon 3 leading to a frameshift (p.Ala34Profs*33). Osteoclasts differentiated from the patient's peripheral blood monocytes were extremely large. Instead of resorption pits these cells were only capable of superficial erosion. Phosphorylation of L-plastin at position Ser5 was strongly reduced in patient-derived osteoclasts showing a loss of function of the mutated LRRK1 kinase protein. Our analysis indicates a strong overlap of LRRK1-related OSMD with other forms of intermediate osteopetrosis, but an exceptional abnormality of osteoclast resorption. Like in other osteoclast pathologies an increased risk for progressive osteonecrosis of the jaws should be considered in OSMD, an intermediate form of osteopetrosis

Religiöses Bekenntnis und politisches Interesse : Bamberger Hegelwoche 2002

Religiöses Bekenntnis und politisches Interesse : Bamberger Hegelwoche 200

Planets Around Low-Mass Stars (PALMS). I. A Substellar Companion to the Young M Dwarf 1RXS J235133.3+312720

We report the discovery of a brown dwarf companion to the young M dwarf 1RXS J235133.3+312720 as part of a high contrast imaging search for planets around nearby young low-mass stars with Keck-II/NIRC2 and Subaru/HiCIAO. The 2.4" (~120 AU) pair is confirmed to be comoving from two epochs of high resolution imaging. Follow-up low- and moderate-resolution near-infrared spectroscopy of 1RXS J2351+3127 B with IRTF/SpeX and Keck-II/OSIRIS reveals a spectral type of L0$^{+2}_{-1}$. The M2 primary star 1RXS J2351+3127 A exhibits X-ray and UV activity levels comparable to young moving group members with ages of ~10-100 Myr. UVW kinematics based the measured radial velocity of the primary and the system's photometric distance (50 +/- 10 pc) indicate it is likely a member of the ~50-150 Myr AB Dor moving group. The near-infrared spectrum of 1RXS J2351+3127 B does not exhibit obvious signs of youth, but its H-band morphology shows subtle hints of intermediate surface gravity. The spectrum is also an excellent match to the ~200 Myr M9 brown dwarf LP 944-20. Assuming an age of 50-150 Myr, evolutionary models imply a mass of 32 +/- 6 Mjup for the companion, making 1RXS J2351+3127 B the second lowest-mass member of the AB Dor moving group after the L4 companion CD-35 2722 B and one of the few benchmark brown dwarfs known at young ages.Comment: Accepted for publication in ApJ. 24 pages, 12 figures, 4 table

Survival after secondary liver resection in metastatic colorectal cancer : comparing data of three prospective randomized European trials (LICC, CELIM, FIRE-3)

Metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients with liver-limited disease (LLD) have a chance of long-term survival and potential cure after hepatic metastasectomy. However, the appropriate postoperative treatment strategy is still controversial. The CELIM and FIRE-3 studies demonstrated that secondary hepatic resection significantly improved overall survival (OS). The objective of this analysis was to compare these favorable outcome data with recent results from the LICC trial investigating the antigen-specific cancer vaccine tecemotide (L-BLP25) as adjuvant therapy in mCRC patients with LLD after R0/R1 resection. Data from mCRC patients with LLD and secondary hepatic resection from each study were analyzed for efficacy outcomes based on patient characteristics, treatment and surveillance after surgery. In LICC, 40/121 (33%) patients, in CELIM 36/111 (32%) and in FIRE-3-LLD 29/133 (22%) patients were secondarily resected, respectively. Of those, 31 (77.5%) patients in LICC and all patients in CELIM were R0 resected. Median disease-free survival after resection was 8.9 months in LICC, 9.9 months in CELIM. Median OS in secondarily resected patients was 66.1 months in LICC, 53.9 months in CELIM and 56.2 months in FIRE-3-LLD. Median age was about 5 years less in LICC compared to CELIM and FIRE-3. Secondarily resected patients of LICC, CELIM and FIRE-3 showed an impressive median survival with a tendency for improved survival for patients in the LICC trial. A younger patient cohort but also more selective surgery, improved resection techniques, deep responses and a close surveillance program after surgery in the LICC trial may have had a positive impact on survival. What's new? The management of liver-limited disease (LLD) in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) is controversial, the optimal treatment has not been defined. Here, data from mCRC patients with LLD and secondary hepatic resection from the prospective randomized trials CELIM, FIRE-3 and LICC were compared. Secondarily resected patients from these trials showed an impressive overall survival (OS), with a tendency for improved OS in LICC. Reasons might be the deep response induced by chemotherapy and surgery combined with close surveillance after surgery. Further prospective, randomized clinical trials are strongly needed to clarify these benefits

Terbium to Quantum Dot FRET Bioconjugates for Clinical Diagnostics: Influence of Human Plasma on Optical and Assembly Properties

Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) from luminescent terbium complexes (LTC) as donors to semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) as acceptors allows extraordinary large FRET efficiencies due to the long Förster distances afforded. Moreover, time-gated detection permits an efficient suppression of autofluorescent background leading to sub-picomolar detection limits even within multiplexed detection formats. These characteristics make FRET-systems with LTC and QDs excellent candidates for clinical diagnostics. So far, such proofs of principle for highly sensitive multiplexed biosensing have only been performed under optimized buffer conditions and interactions between real-life clinical media such as human serum or plasma and LTC-QD-FRET-systems have not yet been taken into account. Here we present an extensive spectroscopic analysis of absorption, excitation and emission spectra along with the luminescence decay times of both the single components as well as the assembled FRET-systems in TRIS-buffer, TRIS-buffer with 2% bovine serum albumin, and fresh human plasma. Moreover, we evaluated homogeneous LTC-QD FRET assays in QD conjugates assembled with either the well-known, specific biotin-streptavidin biological interaction or, alternatively, the metal-affinity coordination of histidine to zinc. In the case of conjugates assembled with biotin-streptavidin no significant interference with the optical and binding properties occurs whereas the histidine-zinc system appears to be affected by human plasma