A new primal-mixed finite element method for the linear elasticity problem

We introduced a new augmented variational formulation for the elasticity problem in the plane that involves four unknowns, namely, the displacement, the stress tensor, the strain tensor of small deformations and the pressure. We proved that this problem is well posed for appropriate values of a stabilization parameter. We also gave sufficient conditions for the well posedness of the corresponding Galerkin scheme, and detailed concrete examples of discrete spaces satisfying these conditions. We provided error estimates for these cases

The introduction of sexually active bucks at different moments of the oestrous cycle does not modify the NEFAs or the IGF-1 concentrations

Non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs) and Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-1) concentrations are modified after the induction of a "male effect". The present study examined the effect of the introduction of males into a group of females that were previously isolated from males, during different phases of the sexual cycle, to determine the changes to the NEFAs and IGF-1 concentrations. Sixty-four does were divided into six groups. The males were introduced with the females at different points after sponge removal. Introduction was carried out 48 h (n=10, Group 48H), 72 h (n=12, Group 72H), 4 days (n=10, Group 4 D), 13 days (n=10, Group 13 D) or 18 days after sponge removal (n=10, Group 18 D), and a control group was implemented that had no contact with males (n=12, Control Group). Plasma samples were taken every day to determine daily progesterone (P4) and NEFAs concentrations, and every second day for IGF-1 determination. No effects from the experimental groups were observed on the mean NEFAs or IGF-1 concentrations (p>.05). No differences between the time before male introduction and after male introduction were observed on the NEFAs concentrations (p>.05) or IGF-1 concentrations (p>.05). On the whole, only differences were observed in the NEFAs concentrations between the follicular and the luteal phases (9.48 ± 0.38 vs 8.15 ± 0.15mg/dL for follicular and luteal phases, respectively, p<.01). The results of the present experiment demonstrated that the introduction of sexually active males at different moments of the oestrous cycle does not modify the NEFAs or the IGF-1 concentrations.This study was funded by Grant [AGL2016-75848-R] from MINECO-AEI-FEDER (Spain)

Determinacion de la respuesta aguda tras la aplicacion de la tecnica de facilitacion neuromuscular propioceptiva denominada contract-relax, en estudiantes de la Universidad de Talca con sindrome de acortamiento de isquiotibiales

76 p.La flexibilidad es una cualidad física muy importante para todo individuo, y la pérdida de ella genera grandes inconvenientes a nivel musculo esquelético, siendo uno de estos, el Síndrome de Acortamiento de Isquiotibiales. Se han generado variadas técnicas que pretenden revertir este cuadro de la forma más eficiente posible. Si bien, la efectividad de dichas técnicas están respaldadas científicamente, existe información controversial de cual es la duración de la respuesta aguda del tejido conectivo, al ser sometido a una sesión de estiramiento. El estudio posee un diseño de investigación experimental, de tipo descriptivo y transversal. Fueron evaluados 30 sujetos pertenecientes a la Universidad de Talca que poseían Síndrome de Acortamiento Isquiotibial, seleccionados aleatoriamente y separados en 2 grupos; el grupo 1 estuvo formado por 20 sujetos y el grupo 2 de 10 sujetos. Todos ellos fueron sometidos a una sesión de estiramiento con la técnica de facilitación neuromuscular propioceptiva denominada Contrac-Relax, que consistió en 4 series de 20 segundos, 5 segundos de contracción isométrica de isquiotibiales, 5 segundos de relajación, 5 segundos de estiramiento a la máxima tensión, y 5 de intervalo entre cada serie. Para el grupo 1 los intervalos de medición posttécnica fueron de 0, 3, 6, 9 ,12 y 15 minutos, mientras que para el grupo 2 fueron de 0, 5, 10 y 15 minutos. Se estableció el promedio de la duración de la respuesta aguda en 12,505 ± 2,98 minutos para el grupo 1. Mientras que para el grupo 2 los valores fueron 12,733 ± 3,77, no encontrándose diferencias significativas entre los grupos; valores que se encuentran dentro del rango que establece la literatura. No existieron diferencias significativas en la respuesta aguda, entre sujetos de igual género y distinto grupo. Además, no se encontraron diferencias significativas en el porcentaje de variación del rango articular de rodilla entre el valor basal y T0

Hacia la antropología implicada en el sacramento de la unción de los enfermos

Licenciado (a) en TeologíaPregrad

The use of photoperiod-treated bucks to induce a “male effect” does not compensate for the negative effects of nutritional restriction of the females in Mediterranean goats

This work examined the effect of acute nutritional restriction or supplementation one week before male introduction on the reproductive performances of the “male effect” when using photostimulated or control males in goats. On 22 March, 84 anoestrous does were placed with photostimulated bucks or with bucks which had received no treatments. One week before male introduction, the females were provided with different nutritional regimes: Supplemented, restricted or control females. The non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs) and Insulin Growth Factor-1 (IGF-1) concentrations were measured in the same samples. Fecundity, fertility, prolificacy and productivity were also determined. No interaction between both sources of variation was observed in any of the reproductive variables studied. Treatment of the bucks increased the percentage of females expressing behavioural oestrous associated with ovulation (71% vs 90% for Natural and Photo groups, respectively, P < 0.05). The Supplemented females showed higher ovulation rate than Restricted females (1.77 ± 0.13 vs 1.05 ± 0.05, P < 0.001), fecundity (71% vs 43%, P < 0.05); fertility (76% vs 29%, P < 0.05) and productivity (1.00 ± 0.15 vs 0.29 ± 0.11 kids per female, P < 0.01). In the Supplemented females, the higher reproductive results could be due to the lower NEFAs and higher IGF-1 concentrations at ovulation and at the time of oestrus compared to the Restricted females. Thus, the present experiment results demonstrate that nutrition is an important factor in the response to the “male effect” at Mediterranean latitudes, and its negative effect cannot be counterbalanced by using photostimulated bucks.This study was funded by Grant AGL2016-75848-R from MINECO- AEI-FEDER (Spain).The authors wish to thank the farm staff of Huelva University for their technical support. Funding for open access charge: Universidad de Huelva/CBUA

Artificial long days in addition to exogenous melatonin and daily contact with bucks stimulate the ovarian and oestrous activity in Mediterranean goat females

One experiment was conducted to determine whether the treatment with artificial long days and exogenous melatonin can induce reproductive activity during spring (seasonal anoestrus) in Mediterranean goats that are in daily contact with bucks and whether this treatment causes a variation in the reactivation of the reproductive activity in the normal breeding season. The experiment started on 4 November 2005 and finished on 27 October 2006. Thirty-four adult and barren does were used, distributed into two groups balanced according to their live weight (LW) and body condition score (BCS). Seventeen females were exposed to long days (16 h of light/day) from 14 November 2005 to 20 February 2006. On 20 February, they received one s.c. melatonin implant (LD-M group) and were exposed to natural photoperiodic changes in an open shed. The other females during the experiment were placed in an open shed under natural photoperiod and remained as the control group (C group). The C and LD-M groups were keeping in contact with males during the whole experiment. During the experiment, the LW, BCS and plasma progesterone concentrations were measured weekly, oestrous activity was tested daily using entire aproned bucks, and ovulation rate was evaluated by laparoscopy 7 days after positive identification of the oestrus. A clear treatment–time interaction was observed for plasma progesterone concentrations ( P,0.001), with a period of high progesterone concentrations during the natural seasonal anoestrus in the LD-M group. Although 94.1% of females in the LD-M group presented ovarian activity during this period, no female in group C did. Resumption of ovarian activity in the subsequent natural breeding season was 2 weeks later in the LD-M group in comparison with group C ( P,0.05). We can conclude that in Mediterranean goat breeding systems, when females are in daily contact with bucks, the treatment with 3 months of long days and melatonin implant at the end of the light photoperiodic treatment can induce ovarian and oestrous activity during the seasonal anoestrus. Finally, this treatment causes a short delay in the subsequent reactivation of ovarian activity in the natural breeding season

Native and foreign mitochondrial and nuclear encoded proteins conform the OXPHOS complexes of a holoparasitic plant

The intimate contact between the holoparasitic plant Lophophytum mirabile (Balanophoraceae) and its host plant (Fabaceae) facilitates the exchange of genetic information, increasing the frequency of horizontal gene transfer (HGT). Lophophytum stands out because it acquired a large number of mitochondrial genes (greater than 20) from its legume host that replaced the majority of the native homologs. These foreign genes code for proteins that form multisubunit enzyme complexes, such as those in the oxidative phosphorylation system (OXPHOS) and cytochrome c maturation (ccm) system, together with dozens of nuclear-encoded subunits. However, the existence and the origin of the nuclear subunits that form the major part of the OXPHOS and ccm system in Lophophytum remain unknown. It was proposed that nuclear-encoding genes whose products interact with foreign mitochondrial proteins are also foreign, minimizing the incompatibilities that could arise in the assembly and functioning of these multiprotein complexes. We identified a nearly complete set of OXPHOS and ccm system subunits evolving under selective constraints in the transcriptome of Lophophytum, indicating that OXPHOS is functional and resembles that of free-living angiosperms. Maximum Likelihood phylogenetic analyses revealed a single case of HGT in the nuclear genes, which results in mosaic OXPHOS and ccm system in Lophophytum. These observations raise new questions about the evolution and physiology of this parasitic plant. A putative case of cooperation between two foreign (one mitochondrial and one nuclear) genes is presented.Fil: Gatica Soria, Leonardo Martin. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; ArgentinaFil: Ceriotti, Luis Federico. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; ArgentinaFil: Garcia, Laura Evangelina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Biología; ArgentinaFil: Sánchez Puerta, María Virginia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentin

Caracterización de los pacientes atendidos por tuberculosis en el Hospital primario Oswaldo Padilla Waspam, Rio Coco Enero de 2013 a Junio 2015

El presente estudio se llevó a cabo en El municipio De Waspam, Rio Coco cuyo objetivo principal fue el de caracterizar a la población en estudio durante el periodo de enero de 2013 a junio de 2015. La metodología empleada es un estudio del tipo descriptivo, según la secuencia del tiempo transversal, con un universo correspondiente a 284 pacientes y una muestra de 72 pacientes calculada por fórmula logarítmica. La información se recolecto de fuentes secundarias mediante el uso de un instrumento de recolección que se llevó a cabo con varios acápites y en los que se respetó la privacidad de cada paciente, el análisis de datos fue llevado a cabo en tablas y gráficos elaborados en el programa Excel. En cuanto a los resultados los más importantes a mencionar son: La edad de la población a estudio encontramos que el grupo más afectado es el de 25 a 34 años con un 34.7% seguidos de los grupos de 35 a 44 años con un 23.6% y de 15 a 24 años con un 13.9% de los cuales se encuentran dentro del rango de edad de la población económicamente activa. El sexo más afectado es el masculino con un 66.6%, la procedencia el 65.3% de los pacientes procedían del área rural, cabe destacar que el casco urbano de Waspam es pequeño y que la mayoría de sus comunidades son a la orilla del Rio Coco en extrema pobreza, la mayoría de los pacientes resultaron analfabetos con un 63.9% y La tos por as de 14 dias fue el síntoma de predominio con 86.1%, seguido del signo de la fiebre con 80.5% y pérdida de peso con el 69.4% y el tipo de TB que desarrollaron los pacientes fue la pulmonar con un 84.7

Exogenous melatonin does not improve the freezability of Blanca Andaluza goat semen over exposure to two months of short days

This paper compares the effects of exposure to exogenous melatonin (MEL), short days (SD, 8 h of light) and long days (LD, 16 h of light), on reproductive activity, sperm motility and other reproductive variables, in Blanca Andaluza bucks. Fourteen males were spilt into two groups of seven animals (G1 and G2). They were subjected to five alternations of 2 months of LD followed by 2 months of SD or MEL before the experimental period of three consecutive intervals of: (1) 2 months of SD (G1, N = 7) or MEL (G2, N = 7); (2) 2 months of LD (G1 + G2, N = 14); and (3) 2 months of SD (G2, N = 7) or MEL (G1, N = 7). Plasma testosterone concentration, live weight, testicular weight and fresh semen quality were determined weekly. Semen was also cooled and frozen–thawed every fortnight, and the same quality variables measured as for fresh sperm. When the bucks were under LD treatment, the testosterone concentration was lower than when under MEL or SD treatment (P < 0.01); values for the semen concentration and total number of sperm per ejaculate were also higher (P < 0.001). No differences were observed between the MEL and SD treatments in terms of fresh, cooled or frozen–thawed sperm quality. Only some quality variables on fresh semen were improved by MEL and SD treatment (P < 0.05). In conclusion the results of the present experiment showed that MEL improved the fresh semen motility variables, but this did not improve the motility of frozen–thawed sperm over that recorded for either SD or LD treatment