La transición a modelos de organización y docencia virtual en un contexto de emergencia sanitaria: un estudio de caso de Formación Profesional Básica en Tenerife

Nuestra investigación se basó en un estudio de casos de un curso de Formación Profesional Básica de un centro educativo de Canarias. A través de entrevistas, un grupo de discusión, cuestionarios y análisis de documentos profundizaremos en la perspectiva docente sobre 1) la transición a un modelo educativo virtual; 2) la transformación de las políticas y prácticas educativas y 3) sus posibles implicaciones para la organización escolar futura. El profesorado entrevistado coincidió en la necesidad de generar una estructura de docencia digital complementaria a los modelos de docencia presenciales preexistentes. Por su parte, las dinámicas organizativas no parecieron verse alteradas de manera significativaOur research was based on different cases of an Initial Vocational Education and Training course at a school from Canary Islands. Through interviews, a focus group, questionnaires and analysis of documents and we explore teachers’ perspective on 1) the transition to a virtual educational model; 2) the transformation of educational policies and practices and 3) the possible implications for future school organization

Dietary fatty acids and lipoproteins on progression of age-related macular degeneration

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a medical condition of central loss vision and blindness. Numerous studies have revealed that changes on certain dietary fatty acids (FAs) could have useful for AMD management. This review summarizes the effects of dietary omega-3 long-chain PUFAs, MUFAs, and SFAs, and lipoproteins on AMD. Findings are consistent with the beneficial role of dietary omega-3 long-chain PUFAs, while the effects of dietary MUFAs and SFAs appeared to be ambiguous with respect to the possible protection from MUFAs and to the possible adverse impact from SFAs on AMD. Some of the pathological mechanisms associated with lipoproteins on AMD share those observed previously in cardiovascular diseases. It was also noticed that the effects of FAs in the diet and lipoprotein on AMD could be modulated by genetic variants. From a population health perspective, the findings of this review are in favour of omega-3 long-chain FAs recommendations in a preventive and therapeutic regimen to attain lower AMD occurrence and progression rates. Additional long-term and short-term nutrigenomic studies are required to clearly establish the role and the relevance of interaction of dietary FAs, lipoproteins, and genes in the genesis and progression of AMD

La Transición a entornos de educación virtual en un contexto de emergencia sanitaria: Estudio de caso de un equipo docente en Formación Profesional Básica

The declaration of a state of emergency in March 2020, due to the COVID-19 health crisis, caused the closure of all schools in Spain. This article aims to explore the transition from face-to-face teaching to what has been called emergency remote teaching, as well as its implications for future educational proposals. Our objectives are: to explore what conditions have influenced the process of transition toward emergency remote teaching (ERT), the pedagogical and organisational implications of EST and which teaching model should be transitioned to in the current heath emergency context. In order to achieve them we have conducted a case study of a teaching team in Initial Vocational Education and Training of a school. The main conclusions suggest that there are three elements that have facilitated the transit to a remote emergency teaching which could also contribute to the building of virtual education environments: the presence of a digital infrastructure at the school for teaching and communication; an educational organisation model based on leadership and autonomy of teaching teams; and the teachers' vision of the family as an essential educational agent.La declaración del estado de alarma en marzo de 2020, ocasionada por la crisis sanitaria de la COVID-19, provocó en España el cierre de todos los centros educativos. Este artículo pretende explorar el proceso de transición de la docencia presencial a lo que se ha denominado docencia remota de emergencia, y sus implicaciones para las propuestas educativas futuras. Nuestros objetivos son: explorar qué condiciones de partida han influido en el proceso de transición a la docencia remota de emergencia (DRE), qué implicaciones pedagógicas y organizativas ha supuesto la DRE y hacia qué modelo de docencia debería transitarse en el contexto actual de emergencia sanitaria. Para ello hemos realizado un estudio de caso de un equipo docente de Formación Profesional Básica de un centro. Las conclusiones principales sugieren que hay tres elementos que han facilitado el tránsito a una docencia remota de emergencia pero que también podrían contribuir a construcción de entornos de educación virtual: la existencia de una infraestructura digital en el centro para la docencia y la comunicación; un modelo de organización escolar basado en el liderazgo compartido y la autonomía de los equipos docentes; y la visión del profesorado acerca de la familia como agente educativo esencial

The sterols isolated from evening primrose oil inhibit human colon adenocarcinoma cell proliferation and induce cell cycle arrest through upregulation of LXR

© 2014 Elsevier Ltd. Evening primrose oil (EPO) is widely used as a dietary supplement from which beneficial effects have been reported in rheumatic and arthritic conditions, atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, premenstrual and menopausal syndrome, and diabetic neuropathy. The aim of this study was to determine whether phytosterols isolated from evening primrose oil (PS-EPO), and its main components β-sitosterol and campesterol, affect proliferation, cell death, and the cell cycle of human colon adenocarcinoma (HT-29) cells. PS-EPO were a potent antiproliferative agents in a dose- and time-dependent manner, with an IC50 of 62.9 μg/mL after 48 h, lower than β-sitosterol and campesterol (79.0 μM and 71.6 μM respectively). Flow cytometry showed that PS-EPO exerted a stimulatory effect on apoptosis and necrosis, increasing the number of cells in G0/G1 phase. PS-EPO produced a significant upregulation in liver X receptor (LXR) gene expression that may be one of the principal mechanisms of the tumor shrinkage by PS-EPO.Peer Reviewe

A microRNA expression signature of the postprandial state in response to a high-saturated-fat challenge

The postprandial hypertriglyceridemia is an important and largely silent disturbance involved in the genesis of numerous pathological conditions. Exaggerated and prolonged states of postprandial hypertriglyceridemia are frequently related to the ingestion of meals enriched in saturated fatty acids (SFAs). MicroRNAs are noncoding RNAs that function as gene regulators and play significant roles in both health and disease. However, differential miRNA expression between fasting and postprandial states has never been elucidated. Here, we studied the impact of a high-saturated-fat meal, mainly rich in palmitic acid, on the miRNA signature in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of nine male healthy individuals in the postprandial period by using a two-step analysis: miRNA array and validation through quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Compared with miRNA expression signature in PBMCs at fasting, 36 miRNAs were down-regulated and 43 miRNAs were up-regulated in PBMCs at postprandial hypertriglyceridemic peak. Six chromosomes (3, 7, 8, 12, 14 and 19) had nearly half (48.1%) of dysregulated miRNA-gene-containing regions. Down-regulated miR-300 and miR-369-3p and up-regulated miR-495-3p, miR-129-5p and miR-7-2-3p had the highest number of target genes. The differentially expressed miRNAs and their predicted target genes involved pathways in cancer, MAPK signaling pathway, endocytosis and axon guidance. Only down-regulated miRNAs notably targeted PI3K-Akt signaling pathways, whereas only up-regulated miRNAs targeted focal adhesion, Wnt signaling pathway, transcriptional misregulation in cancer and ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis. This is the first study of miRNA expression analysis of human PBMCs during postprandial hypertriglyceridemia and offers insight into new potential mechanisms by which dietary SFAs influence health or disease.Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad AGL2011-29008, AGL2016-80852-

The sterols isolated from evening primrose oil inhibit human colon adenocarcinoma cell proliferation and induce cell cycle arrest through upregulation of LXR

Evening primrose oil (EPO) is widely used as a dietary supplement from which beneficial effects have been reported in rheumatic and arthritic conditions, atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, premenstrual and menopausal syndrome, and diabetic neuropathy. The aim of this study was to determine whether phytosterols isolated from evening primrose oil (PS-EPO), and its main components β-sitosterol and campesterol, affect proliferation, cell death, and the cell cycle of human colon adenocarcinoma (HT-29) cells. PS-EPO were a potent antiproliferative agents in a dose- and time-dependent manner, with an IC50 of 62.9 μg/mL after 48 h, lower than β-sitosterol and campesterol (79.0 μM and 71.6 μM respectively). Flow cytometry showed that PS-EPO exerted a stimulatory effect on apoptosis and necrosis, increasing the number of cells in G0/G1 phase. PS-EPO produced a significant upregulation in liver X receptor (LXR) gene expression that may be one of the principal mechanisms of the tumor shrinkage by PS-EPO

Lesson study as a way of reconstructing practical knowledge for improved teaching practice. Seven case studies.

With the aim of helping to enrich teacher training processes, using an approach based on Practical Knowledge and Practical Thinking (Schön's knowledge-in-action), the present paper strives to explore and understand the relationships between espoused theories and theories-in-use (action theories by Argyris) of a group of seven pre-school teachers involved in a process of in-service training based on Lesson Study, a powerful methodological tool to identify, contrast and review such theories both autonomously and cooperatively. The conclusion reached is that this training strategy is a rich proposal for the questioning of teaching theory and practice, and, in consequence, for the reconstruction of more unconscious Practical Knowledge, albeit with some circumstantial and personal nuances.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Validation of ethnopharmacological use as anti-inflammatory of a decoction from Annona muricata leaves

Background: Through this work we evaluated the potential of the aqueous extract of Annona muricata L. leaves (AMAEL) to treat inflammatory conditions. The use of decoction or infusion of this important medicinal resource is still not scientifically validated. Methods: Different doses of AMAEL were assayed in carrageenan-induced inflammation and tetradecanoylphorbol acetate (TPA)-induced edema in mice, myeloperoxidase activity (MPO) in inflamed tissue, MPO released by A-23187-stimulated rat neutrophils and nitric oxide released by murine macrophages. Acute oral toxicity and cell viability of murine macrophages were also tested. Results: A single dose of 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg of AMAEL did not show any symptoms associated with toxicity in vivo and the viability of murine macrophages was of 100% at the assayed doses. AMAEL at 250mg/kg and 500mg/kg exerted a significant edema reduction in the carrageenan inflammation model (26.82±0.02%, p<0.05 and 52.70±0.12%, p<0.001 inhibition respectively, after the first hour). The TPAinduced topical edema model showed a significantly and dose-dependently inhibition (56% and 78% at doses of 2.5 mg/ear and 5 mg/ear, respectively). The decrease in (MPO) enzyme activity in the ear homogenates assayed at 5 mg/ear were highly significant (92.5% ± 1.83 inhibition, p<0.001) and MPO was also reduced in activated rat neutrophils at 200 μg/ml (81.98% ± 1.01 inhibition, p<0.001). AMAEL considerably decreased dose-dependently nitrite production in LPS-stimulated murine macrophages, the highest inhibition was achieved at 500 μg/ml (73.18% ± 2.36, p<001). Conclusion: this study validates the ethnomedicinal use of the decoction of Annona muricata L. leaves as anti-inflammatory agent

Percepção de qualidade de vida e autonomia pessoal em crianças e adolescentes com TDAH: revisão sistemática.

Abstract: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) encompasses a pattern of complex and heterogeneous symptoms. It has a neurobiological origin and produces alterations in the executive functions, being very characteristic the inability to focus the attention on the daily actions, regulate the level of activity and inhibit the motor and/or cognitive behavior. The disorder affects the development of the child and causes an alteration in the perception of the quality of life and personal autonomy. The performance of daily activities in the different levels of complexity they require is hampered by the presence of ADHD. There are evidence-based interventions for symptom reduction, although no treatment has been found to directly improve the performance of daily life activities or affect the well-being of children with ADHD and their families.Resumen: El Trastorno por Déficit de Atención con Hiperactividad (TDAH) comprende un patrón de síntomas complejos y heterogéneos. Tiene un origen neurobiológico y produce alteraciones en las funciones ejecutivas, siendo muy característica la incapacidad para centrar atención en las acciones cotidianas, regular el nivel de actividad e inhibir el comportamiento motriz y/o cognitivo. El trastorno impacta en el desarrollo del menor y provoca una alteración en la percepción de la calidad de vida y en la autonomía personal. El desempeño de las actividades diarias en los distintos niveles de la complejidad que requieren, está obstaculizado por la presencia del TDAH. Existen intervenciones basadas en evidencia para la reducción de los síntomas aunque no se ha encontrado tratamiento que mejore directamente la ejecución de las actividades de la vida diaria ni que incida en el bienestar de los niños con TDAH y de sus familia

Pharmacological effects of mitraphylline from Uncaria tomentosa in primary human monocytes: Skew toward M2 macrophages

Ethnopharmacological relevance Uncaria tomentosa (Willdenow ex Roemer & Schultes) DC. (Rubiaceae) is a Peruvian thorny liana, commonly known as "cat's claw", and traditionally used in folk medicine to deal with several inflammatory diseases. Mitraphylline (MTP) is the most abundant pentacyclic oxindolic alkaloid (POA) from U. Tomentosa and has been reported to modify the inflammatory response. Herein, we have sought to identify the mechanisms underlying this modulatory effect of MTP on primary human monocytes and its ability to regulate differentiation processes on human primary monocyte and monocyte-derived macrophages. Material and methods In vitro studies with human primary monocytes and monocyte-derived macrophages were performed. Monocytes and M0 macrophages were exposed to MTP (25 μM) and LPS (100 ng/mL). M0 macrophages were polarized to M1 and M2 phenotypes in the absence or presence of MTP. The activation state of monocytes/macrophages was assessed by flow cytometry, gene expression and protein analysis of different specific markers. Results In human primary monocytes, the incubation of MTP for 24 h reduced the number of classical (CD14++CD16-) and intermediate (CD14++CD16+) subsets when compared to untreated or LPS-treated cells. MTP also reduced the chemotactic capacity of human primary monocytes. In addition, MTP promoted the polarization of M0 macrophages toward an anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype, the abrogation of the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNFα, IL-6 or IL-1β, as well as the restoration of markers for M2 macrophages in LPS-treated M1 macrophages. Conclusions Our results suggest that MTP may be a key modulator for regulating the plasticity of monocytes/macrophages and the attenuation of the inflammatory response