PV solar investors versus the kingdom of spain: firts state victory, at least 27 more rounds to go

Abstract: The purpose of this work is to examine the matter relating to the recognition and enforcement of arbitral awards that have been cancelled in the country where the arbitration was held. Recent decisions have seen the United Kingdom and United States distance themselves from what had hitherto been a majority trend: that an award cancelled in the country where the arbitration was held cannot be recognized and enforced in another jurisdiction.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

El efecto de Brexit en la validez de las clausulas arbitrales existentes con Londres como sede del arbitraje y en la decisión de las partes de pactar a futuro cláusulas arbitrales con Londres como sede del arbitraje

El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la cuestión relativa al potencial efecto que la decisión del Reino Unido de abandonar la Unión Europea va a tener en, primero, las cláusulas arbitrales existentes en las que las partes han elegido el Londres (o un lugar del Reino Unido) como sede del arbitraje y, segundo, en la decisión de futuras partes contratantes de escoger Londres como sede del arbitraje. [ANGLÈS] The aim of this paper is to analyze the potential effect that the decision of the United Kingdom to leave the European Union (Brexit) will have, first, on the existing arbitration clauses in which the parties have chosen London (or a place inside the United Kingdom) as seat of arbitration and, second, on the decision of future contracting parties to agree on London as the seat of the arbitrationPeer ReviewedPostprint (updated version

Reconocimiento y ejecución de laudos arbitrales anulados en la sede del arbitraje

The fulfilment of arbitral awards by the parties is voluntary, but there have been cases in which the successful party in the dispute has been obliged to circumvent certain obstacles. Taking a position on the location or relocation of arbitration is crucial to decide whether an annulled award should be recognized or whether, on the contrary, the emphasis should be placed on considerations that the international community has identified as “basic notions of justice”.Postprint (published version

Recognition and enforcement of arbitral awards cancelled at the place of arbitration

El cumplimiento de los laudos arbitrales por las partes es voluntario pero existen casos que dan cuenta de los obstáculos que una parte vencedora en la disputa puede verse expuesta a sortear. La asunción de una posición respecto a la localización o deslocalización del arbitraje es realmente determinante para decidir sobre el reconocimiento de un laudo anulado o, si por el contrario, el énfasis debe ser puesto en consideraciones que la comunidad internacional ha identificado como “nociones básicas de justicia.” Los instrumentos que regulan el libre tránsito de laudos internacionales permiten el ejercicio de discrecionalidad lo cual genera incertidumbre e incita el forum shopping, planteándose entonces la pregunta respecto a cuáles son los valores que deben primar: certeza y respeto por las jurisdicciones locales o un posible mayor grado de incertidumbre. El presente artículo pretende unificar posiciones respecto a la (des)localización del arbitraje la cual no solo parece una tarea titánica, sino además ineficiente. Por su parte, el establecimiento de principios básicos de justicia y debido proceso parece no solo más alcanzable, sino también deseable.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Factors influencing the decision to set up a REIT

Real Estate Investment Trusts (hereinafter, REIT) are investment companies which capitalize real estate assets by offering company shares on the stock markets. The recent economic upturn has led to a sharp increase in the constitution of REITs. Nevertheless, real estate managers should weigh up the advantages of these securities compared to other alternatives of financing real estate activity. Variables affecting REIT performance that managers should analyse include market price and market capitalization (compared to net asset value), expected liquidity, start-up costs, systematic risk, finance costs and tax benefits, and also other aspects such as company control, transparency requirements and regulatory limits. REITs have become a competitive way to finance real estate activity, especially in the light of the credit constraints that still affect the industry. This paper analyses the factors that managers should take into account when considering whether to set up a REIT.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

El efecto de Brexit en la validez de las clausulas arbitrales existentes con Londres como sede del arbitraje y en la decisión de las partes de pactar a futuro cláusulas arbitrales con Londres como sede del arbitraje

El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la cuestión relativa al potencial efecto que la decisión del Reino Unido de abandonar la Unión Europea va a tener en, primero, las cláusulas arbitrales existentes en las que las partes han elegido el Londres (o un lugar del Reino Unido) como sede del arbitraje y, segundo, en la decisión de futuras partes contratantes de escoger Londres como sede del arbitraje. [ANGLÈS] The aim of this paper is to analyze the potential effect that the decision of the United Kingdom to leave the European Union (Brexit) will have, first, on the existing arbitration clauses in which the parties have chosen London (or a place inside the United Kingdom) as seat of arbitration and, second, on the decision of future contracting parties to agree on London as the seat of the arbitrationPeer Reviewe

PV solar investors versus the kingdom of spain: firts state victory, at least 27 more rounds to go

Abstract: The purpose of this work is to examine the matter relating to the recognition and enforcement of arbitral awards that have been cancelled in the country where the arbitration was held. Recent decisions have seen the United Kingdom and United States distance themselves from what had hitherto been a majority trend: that an award cancelled in the country where the arbitration was held cannot be recognized and enforced in another jurisdiction.Peer Reviewe

Recognition and enforcement of arbitral awards cancelled at the place of arbitration

El cumplimiento de los laudos arbitrales por las partes es voluntario pero existen casos que dan cuenta de los obstáculos que una parte vencedora en la disputa puede verse expuesta a sortear. La asunción de una posición respecto a la localización o deslocalización del arbitraje es realmente determinante para decidir sobre el reconocimiento de un laudo anulado o, si por el contrario, el énfasis debe ser puesto en consideraciones que la comunidad internacional ha identificado como “nociones básicas de justicia.” Los instrumentos que regulan el libre tránsito de laudos internacionales permiten el ejercicio de discrecionalidad lo cual genera incertidumbre e incita el forum shopping, planteándose entonces la pregunta respecto a cuáles son los valores que deben primar: certeza y respeto por las jurisdicciones locales o un posible mayor grado de incertidumbre. El presente artículo pretende unificar posiciones respecto a la (des)localización del arbitraje la cual no solo parece una tarea titánica, sino además ineficiente. Por su parte, el establecimiento de principios básicos de justicia y debido proceso parece no solo más alcanzable, sino también deseable.Peer Reviewe

Factors influencing the decision to set up a REIT

Real Estate Investment Trusts (hereinafter, REIT) are investment companies which capitalize real estate assets by offering company shares on the stock markets. The recent economic upturn has led to a sharp increase in the constitution of REITs. Nevertheless, real estate managers should weigh up the advantages of these securities compared to other alternatives of financing real estate activity. Variables affecting REIT performance that managers should analyse include market price and market capitalization (compared to net asset value), expected liquidity, start-up costs, systematic risk, finance costs and tax benefits, and also other aspects such as company control, transparency requirements and regulatory limits. REITs have become a competitive way to finance real estate activity, especially in the light of the credit constraints that still affect the industry. This paper analyses the factors that managers should take into account when considering whether to set up a REIT.Peer Reviewe