Noticia sobre dos nuevas estelas decoradas: las estelas de La Pedrona y del Mesto (Almadén, Ciudad Real)

Damos a conocer dos estelas decoradas halladas en el término municipal de Almadén (Ciudad Real). Aparecieron en sendos majanos, dentro del ámbito de yacimientos arqueológicos romanos, en ambos casos. Se trata de una zona donde tradicionalmente se ha practicado una economía basada en la agricultura (cultivo cerealístico) y la ganadería, además de la explotación de la gran riqueza minera de su subsuelo. Este territorio está surcado por varias vías pecuarias y comerciales. Todo ello está asociado a la presencia de diversos asentamientos humanos desde antiguo. Estos dos ejemplares amplían el conjunto de estelas decoradas hasta ahora conocidas en esta área geográfica, poniendo de manifiesto su relación con las corrientes culturales de la Edad del Bronce y, quizás, del Hierro I.We present two decorated steles found in the municipal term of Almadén (Ciudad Real). They appeared in individual majanos, within the scope of Roman archaeological sites, in both cases. One is a zone where traditionally it's practiced an economy based on agriculture (cerealístico culture) and the cattle ranch, besides the operation of the great mining wealth of its subsoil. This territory is furrowed by several cattle and commercial channels. All this is associate to the presence of diverse settlements from ancient. These two pieces extend the collection of decorated steles until now known in this geographic area, showing their relation with the cultural currents of the Age of Bronze and, perhaps, the Age of Iron I

Scrutinizing the profile and risk factors of suicide: a perspective from a case–control study focused on a northern region of Spain

Suicide is a major public health problem the prevention of which has become a priority, and, to this end, knowledge of its risk factors is essential. This study aims to evaluate the impact of some social, medico-legal, and clinical issues on suicide deaths. A total of 135 cases were identified as suicides that occurred in a region of northern Spain between 2018 and 2020. Controls (three for each case) were matched by age, sex, and urban-rural areas. The information was collected retrospectively through electronic health record systems. A binary logistic regression analysis was performed to study the association between individual risk factors and suicide. Being male (78.5%), between 40 and 60 years of age, unmarried (70.9%), and unemployed (85%) were associated with suicide deaths. Although the existence of a previous self-harm attempt is presented as the most robust risk factor (OR 22.121 [8.997-54.389]), the presence of a psychiatric diagnosis (OR 12.583 [7.686-20.601]) and cancer (OR 3.729 [1.845-7.536]) also showed a significant relationship with suicide (p < 0.05). Defining and knowing the risk factors for suicide helps to better understand the profiles of those individuals who are vulnerable, and enables prevention actions to be taken in both social and medical spheres.Funding: This work was partially supported by the Government of Cantabria (CONTRATO PROGRAMA GOB. CANTABRIA-UC)

Fostering the Sustainable Development Goals from an Ecosystem Conducive to the SE: The Galician’s Case

The special alignment of the principles and effects of the social economy (SE) with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) renders this area especially suitable for the implementation of the 2030 Agenda and the achievement of these goals, favoring a paradigm shift towards a new economic system that reconciles growth and sustainability. In this context, governments and institutions can moderate or accelerate this path, with the implementation of a series of policies to promote and drive the social economy. In Spain, responsibility for the design and implementation of such policies is transferred to sub-central governments, known as autonomous communities. Galicia is the first Spanish autonomous community to have its own Act on SE. This article explains the promotion strategy established in this region, which has resulted in an ecosystem favorable to the development and consolidation of the Galician SE, based on a combination of public policies with synergistic effects. The outcome of this ecosystem could have a significant impact on the achievement of several of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), especially the promotion of equal opportunities (SDG 5), the promotion of decent work and economic growth (SDG 8), and the reduction of inequalities (SDG 10The research reported was partially supported by Grant TR811A-15-009-19 from the Xunta de Galicia to Maria BastidaS

Abnormal magnetic behaviour of powder metallurgy austenitic stainless steels sintered in nitrogen

The magnetic response of AISI 304L and AISI 316L obtained through powder metallurgy and sintered in nitrogen were studied. AISI 304L sintered in nitrogen showed a ferromagnetic behaviour in as-sintered state while AISI 316L was paramagnetic. After solution annealing both were paramagnetic. Magnetic behaviour was analysed by using a vibrating sample magnetometer, a magnetic ferritscope and magnetic etching. A microstructural characterization was performed by means of optical metallography, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive analysis of X-rays (EDS). Some samples when needed were submitted to aged heat treatments at 675 and 875 °C for 90 min, 4, 6, 8 or 48 h. The main microstructural feature found was the presence of a lamellar constituent formed by nitride precipitates and an interlamellar matrix of austenite and/or ferrite. The abnormal magnetic response was explained based on this.Dirección General de Programas y Transferencia de Conocimiento, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, España, MAT2008-0278

Polymeric foams as the matrix of voltammetric sensors for the detection of catechol, hydroquinone, and their mixtures

Producción CientíficaPorous electrodes based on polymethylmethacrylate and graphite foams (PMMA_G_F) have been developed and characterized. Such devices have been successfully used as voltammetric sensors to analyze catechol, hydroquinone, and their mixtures. The presence of pores induces important changes in the oxidation/reduction mechanism of catechol and hydroquinone with respect to the sensing properties observed in nonfoamed PMMA_graphite electrodes (PMMA_G). The electropolymerization processes of catechol or hydroquinone at the electrode surface observed using PMMA_G do not occur at the surface of the foamed PMM_G_F. In addition, the limits of detection observed in foamed electrodes are one order of magnitude lower than the observed in the nonfoamed electrodes. Moreover, foamed electrodes can be used to detect simultaneously both isomers and a remarkable increase in the electrocatalytic properties shown by the foamed samples, produces a decrease in the oxidation potential peak of catechol in presence of hydroquinone, from +0.7 V to +0.3 V. Peak currents increased linearly with concentration of catechol in presence of hydroquinone over the range of 0.37·10−3 M to 1.69·10−3 M with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.27 mM. These effects demonstrate the advantages obtained by increasing the active surface by means of porous structures.Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad - Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (project AGL2015-67482-R)Junta de Castilla y Leon - Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (project VA-011U16

How to share the leadership competence among the team members in active learning scenarios: Before, during and after COVID-19 pandemic

Teamwork is one of the most demanded generic competencies by international organizations, and higher education institutions train and assess that competence to prepare students for working life. Leadership is a crucial part of teamwork development, and previous research has shown that shared leadership tasks between team members present more advantages than the traditional concept of a formal leader. Shared leadership seems to be the best option in the academic context due to the university students’ characteristics. This paper aims to prove that students can identify, distinguish and exercise shared leadership actions based on the needs that arise during the development of teamwork and that derive from the teamwork method applied rather than by the training modality that is followed (face-to-face – online). The achievement of the aim has been possible through a qualitative study of the teamwork development of 40 teams of new university entrance (237 students) with the Comprehensive Teamwork Competency Formation Model. The research has been carried out during three consecutive academic courses, with different training modalities for each course, forced by the COVID-19 pandemic (face-to-face for the pre-COVID-19 course, online for the COVID-19 course and face-to-face during the post-COVID-19 course). The shared leadership tasks and responsibilities, defined by students, were categorized in the same way independently of the training modality, which validates the proposed ontology. Also, the three academic courses studied the evolution of the primary shared leadership responsibilities by category. Besides, it is concluded that the primary responsibilities for each category remained unchanged during the three academic years but that some other categories were affected to some extent by the exceptionality caused by COVID-19. The ontology validated here constitutes a recommendation for future teams working with an evidence-based methodology

Flipped classroom insights after nine-year experience applying the method

Any new trend in Educational Innovation creates many expectations about its impact on the teaching context. This happens with the Flipped Classroom method, it presents numerous advantages: personalized learning, increased active participation, meaningful learning, autonomous learning, motivation, among others. This work collects the experience of applying the Flipped Classroom Method from 2012 up to the present. An analysis of the empirically demonstrated impact of this method on student learning is carried out. The outcome of this work is the real impact of this method in three educational environments: theoretical classes, practical classes, and teamwork competence

A method to propose good practices of teaching educational innovation

The MAIN method for the application of educational innovation was designed to make it easier for teachers to apply educational innovation so as to achieve a good practice of educational innovation. In this work the mentioned method is used not to apply educational innovation but to make a proposal of educational innovation that has great possibilities of becoming a good innovation practice. Twenty-four professors have made proposals for educational innovation following the MAIN method. Once these proposals were presented, teacher’s perception of the processes of the method was studied, as well as the effort to develop the different phases of the proposal following the MAIN method

Flipped Learning 4.0. An extended flipped classroom model with Education 4.0 and organisational learning processes

This article integrates two visions on the creation of knowledge by students: an academic vision where the person who creates knowledge uses high-level cognitive abilities and, therefore, acquires deeper learning, and an organisational learning vision, where the creation of knowledge adds value to the organisation and the individuals who work in this matter. It starts from a validated flipped classroom model and then adds procedures and cycles of knowledge that make it an active methodology, in such a way that it simultaneously supports organisational learning, using cooperative competencies characteristic of Education 4.0. This proposed hybrid model has been applied online during confinement due to the COVID-19 pandemic and, subsequently, in dual mode (students partly in person and the rest online at the same time) and face-to-face mode. The evidence of this research shows that the creation of knowledge by the students, cooperatively and with an organisational learning perspective, has repercussions for improvements in their academic performance by producing deeper learning. In addition, the development of cooperative skills is observed to create and manage a large amount of helpful knowledge for them and other students in their learning process

Operadores económicos autorizados ¿reemplazo, homologación o transformación de las agencias de aduanas?

Este ensayo sobre el Operador Económico Autorizado (OEA) muestra la aplicabilidad e importancia de esta figura en el contexto nacional e internacional. Asimismo se expresa el efecto sobre cada uno de los agentes de la cadena logística del comercio internacional a través de la experiencia recopilada de algunos países y haciendo un breve recuento de aquellos que presentan sistemas especiales en su aplicabilidad, dejando ver características como la flexibilidad en sus marcos normativos y gubernamentales. Se constata cómo este mecanismo es coherente con las intenciones del gobierno colombiano referente a la reducción de trámites, aumento de seguridad y la agilización de procesos. De igual forma se exponen las ventajas indirectas tales como reducción de robos, de pérdidas, de acciones delictivas y de vandalismo a lo largo de las operaciones de comercio internacional. A su vez el OEA permite una mejor planificación, mayor fidelidad de los clientes e implicación del personal con la empresa, así como un mejor seguimiento a la carga. Una de las mayores fortalezas del OEA es el reconocimiento mutuo entre los países ya que se evita la duplicidad de los procesos tanto en origen como de destino.This essay expounds how the Authorized Economic Operator could be applied and the impact of the AEO on the international and local field. At the same time, it presents the effects and consequences over the actors who are involved in the logistics chain of the international trade. Throughout the experience of some countries and looking back to that ones which have special demands for applying the rules and regulations, it can be realized about a main characteristic of AEO which is the flexibility. Then this figure is coherent and has to do with the Colombian government intentions related to procedures reduction, security and procedures speeding up. Besides this essay shows the indirect advantages of adopting AEO such as thefts, losses, accidents and delays reduction. Vandalism and criminal actions can be reduced by applying the AEO guidelines. Moreover the AEO agent could make better business planning which might cause a positive effect on the customer satisfaction. The human capital will be more involved on the company operations and it can feel safer and protected because of AEO. Shipments tracking can be also improved, so the customer would be advised about the freight s status. Undoubtedly the main advantage of AEO is the mutual recognition, so procedure requirements can be reduced by standardizing the origin and destination demands