Experiencias innovadoras de educación emprendedora con jóvenes participantes en programas de garantía juvenil

Youth Entrepreneurship Sustanaibility de Vélez-Málaga (YES) es un proyecto desarrollo en 2016 que ha sido financiado por el Fondo Social Europeo (FSE) a través de la Fundación INCYDE y el OALDIM, en el contexto del programa de Garantía Juvenil, y que ha tenido como principal objetivo, la puesta en marcha de itinerarios de captación y desarrollo del talento emprendedor que potencien la cultura del autoempleo en jóvenes del municipio de Vélez-Málaga (Málaga). A través de una metodología pedagógica basada en MasterClass, tutorías individuales, asesoramiento intensivo y el uso de las nuevas tecnologías, el participante ha recibido asesoramiento técnico de la mano de expertos-mentores especializados en diferentes disciplinas ligadas a la creación de empresas. Esta experiencia ahonda en las estrategias pedagógicas que sustentan el proyecto, así como los resultados obtenidos, en base a las metodologías utilizadas para llevarlo a cabo.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

A study of tensile and bending properties of 3D-printed biocompatible materials used in dental appliances

In the last years, a large number of new biocompatible materials for 3D printers have emerged. Due to their recent appearance and rapid growth, there is little information about their mechanical properties. The design and manufacturing of oral appliances made with 3D printing technologies require knowledge of the mechanical properties of the biocompatible material used to achieve optimal performance for each application. This paper focuses on analyzing the mechanical behaviour of a wide range of biocompatible materials using different additive manufacturing technologies. To this end, tensile and bending tests on different types of recent biocompatible materials used with 3D printers were conducted to evaluate the influence of the material, 3D printing technology, and printing orientation on the fragile/ductile behaviour of the manufactured devices. A test bench was used to perform tensile tests according to ASTM D638 and bending tests according to ISO 178. The specimens were manufactured with nine different materials and five manufacturing technologies. Furthermore, specimens were created with different printing technologies, biocompatible materials, and printing orientations. The maximum allowable stress, rupture stress, flexural modulus, and deformation in each of the tested specimens were recorded. Results suggest that specimens manufactured with Stereolithography (SLA) and milling (polymethyl methacrylate PMMA) achieved high maximum allowable and rupture stress values. It was also observed that Polyjet printing and Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) technologies led to load-displacement curves with low maximum stress and high deformation values. Specimens manufactured with Digital Light Processing (DLP) technology showed intermediate and homogeneous performance. Finally, it was observed that the printing direction significantly influences the mechanical properties of the manufactured specimens in some cases.Universidad de Málag

Characterization and Valorization of Norm Wastes for Construction Materials

The recycling of waste generated by industrial production processes is a topic of considerable environmental and economic interest. The minimization of waste disposal, avoiding its direct release into the environment, generates environmental benefits for industries in addition to the manufacture of the main product. Some of these wastes, measured by their radioactive element content, may be considered as naturally occurring radioactive material (NORM). Two of these NORMs are phosphogypsum (PG) and ilmenite mud (IM) come from the fertilizer industry and TiO2 pigment industry, respectively. This chapter discusses the viability of valorization and/or recycling of PG and IM in the manufacture of sulfur polymer cement/concrete, Portland cement, and ceramic materials

Molecular Recognition by Pillar[5]arenes Evidence for Simultaneous Electrostatic and Hydrophobic Interactions

CTQ2017-84354-P (GR 2007/085ED431C2018/42-GRC)The formation of inclusion complexes between alkylsulfonate guests and a cationic pil-lar[5]arene receptor in water was investigated by NMR and ITC techniques. The results show the formation of host-guest complexes stabilized by electrostatic interactions and hydrophobic effects with binding constants of up to 107 M−1 for the guest with higher hydrophobic character. Structurally, the alkyl chain of the guest is included in the hydrophobic aromatic cavity of the macrocycle while the sulfonate groups are held in the multicationic portal by ionic interactions.publishersversionpublishe

Langerin-Heparin Interaction: Two Binding Sites for Small and Large Ligands as revealed by a combination of NMR Spectroscopy and Cross-Linking Mapping Experiments

Langerin is a C-type lectin present on Langerhans cells that mediates capture of pathogens in a carbohydrate-dependent manner, leading to subsequent internalization and elimination in the cellular organelles called Birbeck granules. This mechanism mediated by langerin was shown to constitute a natural barrier for HIV-1 particle transmission. Besides interacting specifically with high mannose and fucosylated neutral carbohydrate structures, langerin has the ability to bind sulfated carbohydrate ligands as 6-sulfated galactosides in the Ca2+ dependent binding site. Very recently langerin was demonstrated to interact with sulfated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), in a Ca2+ independent way, resulting in the proposal of a new binding site for GAGs. Based on those results, we have conducted a structural study of the interactions of small heparin (HEP) like oligosaccharides with langerin in solution. Heparin-bead cross-linking experiments, an approach specifically designed to identify HEP/HS binding sites in proteins were first carried out and experimentally validated the previously proposed model for the interaction of Lg ECD with 6 kDa HEP. High-resolution NMR studies of a set of 8 synthetic HEP-like trisaccharides harboring different sulfation patterns demonstrated that all of them bound to langerin in a Ca2+ dependent way. The binding epitopes were determined by STD NMR and the bound conformations by transferred NOESY experiments. These experimental data were combined with docking and molecular dynamics and resulted in the proposal of a binding mode characterized by the coordination of calcium by the two equatorial hydroxyl groups OH3 and OH4 at the non-reducing end. The binding also includes the carboxylate group at the adjacent iduronate residue. Such epitope is shared by all the 8 ligands, explaining the absence of any impact on binding from their differences in substitution pattern. Finally, in contrast to the small trisaccharides, we demonstrated that a longer HEP-like hexasaccharide, bearing an additional O-sulfate group at the non-reducing end, which precludes binding to the Ca2+ site, interacts with langerin in the previously identified Ca2+ independent binding site

Analysis and comparison of adolescent athletes' motivation : basketball players vs. football players

The motivation of an athlete is determinant for the athletic engagement of the adolescent. The present study attempts to analyze the motivation of adolescent basketball and football players from the perspectives of Achievement Goal Theory (Nicholls, 1989) and Self-Determination Theory (Deci & Ryan, 1985). The study's sample was composed of 248 athletes from 12 to 17 years of age. Half were from basketball and half were from football. The instruments that were utilized were: the Spanish version of the Sport Motivation Scale (SMS) (Núñez, Martín-Albo, Navarro, & González, 2006), the Spanish version of the Perceived Motivational Climate in Sport Questionnaire-2 (PMSCQ-2) (Balaguer, Mayo, Atienza, & Duda, 1997), and the adapted Spanish translation (Moreno, Moreno, & Cervelló, 2007) of the Intention to be Physically Active Scale (IPAS) by Hein, Müür, and Koka (2004). The comparison of the means of the variables between football and basketball players was done utilizing the student t-test for independent samples. Significant differences were found for variables such as: intrinsic motivation (IM) toward accomplishment, external regulation, amotivation, task, ego, and Self-Determination Index (SDI). Basketball players obtained higher values in the SDI, in task, and in IM toward accomplishment than football players. The search for premature performance in football and coaches' educations can help to explain these differences. The importance of these differences reside in the relationship between these motivational variables and the adherence to athletic practice. In conclusion, basketball demonstrated better values in motivational variables, which demonstrates that training sessions are more oriented toward task than ego, that players have more intrinsic and self-determined motivation, and therefore, the adherence of the young athletes will be greater in this sport

New Methodology for Integrating Teams into Multidisciplinary Project Based Learning

This paper describes the collaboration among students and professors in four different subjects, to develop multidisciplinary projects. The objective is to simulate the conditions in a company environment. A new methodology based on student interaction and content development in a Wiki environment has been developed. The collaborative server created an ‘out of the classroom’ discussion forum for students of different subjects, and allowed them to compile a ‘project work’ portfolio. Students and professors participated with enthusiasm, due to the correct well-distributed work and the easiness of use of the selected platform in which only an internet connected computer is needed to create and to discuss the multidisciplinary projects. Quality of developed projects has been dramatically improved due to integration of results provided from the different teams

New Virtual Environment for Active Learning on Parameter Adjustment of Plastic Injection Molding

This paper describes some aspects of new software development and its academic application. This program is an alternative to enhance and to improve the available resources for students to acquire practical knowledge in plastic injection molding parameterization. A virtual injection molding environment has been developed, which allows preliminary machine capacity determination, number of cavities analysis, injection cycle parameter definition, and defects analysis and representation. The environment allows the student to carry out an iteration process in order to optimize the injection molding process parameters. All decision making is based on an Expert System which response is similar to a skilled machine operator

Calibración de Microscopios Confocales

El microscopio confocal ha sido durante mucho tiempo un instrumento de observación tridimensional con múltiples aplicaciones especialmente dentro de la biología. Sin embargo en los últimos años ha comenzado a ser utilizado como instrumento de medida en diferentes áreas de la ingeniería. En la actualidad existen muchas especificaciones de productos (dimensionales, angulares, acabado superficial) en las escalas micrométricas y nanométricas que pueden o podrían ser verificadas utilizando este instrumento. Pero para que esta verificación sea válida dentro de un sistema de calidad el microscopio confocal debe ser trazable. Esta ponencia presenta una solución sencilla a este problema implementada en el Centro Láser de la Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM) que ha permitido dotar de trazabilidad a las medidas dimensionales realizadas en el plano XY y en el eje Z de su microscopio confocal. The confocal microscope has been a three-dimensional observation instrument with multiple applications especially in biology. However in recent years has begun to be used as a measuring instrument contact in various engineering fields. At present there are many product specifications (size, angular, surface roughness) in the micrometer and nano scales that can or could be verified using this instrument. But this verification is only valid within a quality system if the confocal microscope is traceable. This paper presents a simple solution to this problem implemented in the Laser Centre of the Polytechnic University of Madrid (UPM). This solution provides traceablity to the size measurements made in the XY plane and the Z-axis

Handgun detection using combined human pose and weapon appearance

Closed-circuit television (CCTV) systems are essential nowadays to prevent security threats or dangerous situations, in which early detection is crucial. Novel deep learning-based methods have allowed to develop automatic weapon detectors with promising results. However, these approaches are mainly based on visual weapon appearance only. For handguns, body pose may be a useful cue, especially in cases where the gun is barely visible. In this work, a novel method is proposed to combine, in a single architecture, both weapon appearance and human pose information. First, pose keypoints are estimated to extract hand regions and generate binary pose images, which are the model inputs. Then, each input is processed in different subnetworks and combined to produce the handgun bounding box. Results obtained show that the combined model improves the handgun detection state of the art, achieving from 4.23 to 18.9 AP points more than the best previous approach.Comment: 17 pages, 18 figure