Alfabetizar en el umbral del primer ciclo. Una experiencia de articulación. 16H199

Este proyecto de investigación - acción surge como extensión del proyecto “Trabajo intensivo en los umbrales escolares para la alfabetización en Misiones. Parte II” con objeto y metas particulares en tanto constituye una intervención focalizada en espacios de umbrales de escuelas periurbanas. El foco de análisis es la instalación de aulas alfabetizadoras con mecanismos de traducción intercultural basados en la conversación oral sobre la vida cotidiana, en tanto práctica que asegura la continuidad semiótica en los espacios de iniciación

Evaluación final análisis de riesgo planta de lácteos Eloísa.

El presente trabajo tiene como finalidad el desarrollo de las fases de análisis de riesgo de la planta lácteos Eloísa, tras la emergencia presentada en la Institución Educativa para niños escolares ubicada en la zona céntrica de la ciudad, no solo desde la perspectiva científica, sino también desde la política, social y ambiental. Es por esto que se pretende verificar y en su caso modificar, las fallas presentadas en los procesos de elaboración de los productos de dicha planta. A lo largo de este trabajo se expondrá la evaluación de riesgo microbiológico por medio de la evaluación cualitativa y/o cuantitativa cuando la probabilidad y/o la magnitud de las consecuencias se presentan en un brote de ETA. Por consiguiente, se desarrolla la gestión del riesgo desde un plan HACCP en donde se evalúa el impacto de las políticas relacionadas con el tema de control de la inocuidad para la línea de producción de Queso Fresco de la empresa Lácteos Eloísa en donde se mostrara la importancia de la comunicación del riesgo, plasmada en una historieta,describiendo gráficamente el brote ETA presentado en la cafetería de la institución educativa, de igual manera se muestran las acciones preventivas a tomar, para evitar estos casos de ETAS en la comunidad.The present work has as purpose the development of the risk analysis phases of the Eloísa dairy plant, after the emergency presented in the Educational Institution for school children located in the downtown area of ​​the city, not only from the scientific perspective, but also from politics, social and environmental. This is why it is intended to verify and, where appropriate, modify, the failures presented in the production processes of the products of said plant. Throughout this work the evaluation of microbiological risk will be exposed through the qualitative and / or quantitative evaluation when the probability and / or the magnitude of the consequences appear in an ETA outbreak. Therefore, risk management is developed from a HACCP plan where the impact of the policies related to the issue of safety control is evaluated for the Queso Fresco production line of the company Lácteos Eloísa, where the importance of of risk communication, expressed in a story, graphically describing the ETA outbreak presented in the cafeteria of the educational institution, in the same way the preventive actions to be taken are shown, to avoid these cases of ETAS in the community

Manejo de la inmunosupresión en pacientes trasplantados de riñón con COVID19. Estudio multicéntrico nacional derivado del registro COVID de la Sociedad Española de Nefrología

Introduction: SARS CoV2 infection has had a major impact on renal transplant patients with a high mortality in the first months of the pandemic. Intentional reduction of immunosuppressive therapy has been postulated as one of the cornerstone in the management of the infection in the absence of targeted antiviral treatment. This has been modified according to the patient`s clinical situation and its effect on renal function or anti-HLA antibodies in the medium term has not been evaluated.Objectives: Evaluate the management of immunosuppressive therapy made during SARS-CoV2 infection, as well as renal function and anti-HLA antibodies in kidney transplant patients 6 months after COVID19 diagnosis.Material and methods: Retrospective, national multicentre, retrospective study (30 centres) of kidney transplant recipients with COVID19 from 01/02/20 to 31/12/20. Clinical variables were collected from medical records and included in an anonymised database. SPSS statistical software was used for data analysis.Results: renal transplant recipients with COVID19 were included (62.6% male), with a mean age of 57.5 years. The predominant immunosuppressive treatment prior to COVID19 was triple therapy with prednisone, tacrolimus and mycophenolic acid (54.6%) followed by m-TOR inhibitor regimens (18.6%). After diagnosis of infection, mycophenolic acid was discontinued in 73.8% of patients, m-TOR inhibitor in 41.4%, tacrolimus in 10.5% and cyclosporin A in 10%. In turn, 26.9% received dexamethasone and 50.9% were started on or had their baseline prednisone dose increased. Mean creatinine before diagnosis of COVID19, at diagnosis and at 6 months was: 1.7 +/- 0.8, 2.1 +/- 1.2 and 1.8 +/- 1 mg/dl respectively (p < 0.001). 56.9% of the patients (N = 350) were monitored for anti-HLA antibodies. 94% (N = 329) had no anti-HLA changes, while 6% (N = 21) had positive anti-HLA antibodies. Among the patients with donor-specific antibodies post-COVID19 (N = 9), 7 patients (3.1%) had one immunosuppressant discontinued (5 patients had mycophenolic acid and 2 had tacrolimus), 1 patient had both immunosuppressants discontinued (3.4%) and 1 patient had no change in immunosuppression (1.1%), these differences were not significant.Conclusions: The management of immunosuppressive therapy after diagnosis of COVID19 was primarily based on discontinuation of mycophenolic acid with very discrete reductions or discontinuations of calcineurin inhibitors. This immunosuppression management did not influence renal function or changes in anti-HLA antibodies 6 months after diagnosis

Use of tocilizumab in kidney transplant recipients with COVID-1

Acute respiratory distress syndrome associated with coronavirus infection is related to a cytokine storm with large interleukin-6 (IL-6) release. The IL-6-receptor blocker tocilizumab may control the aberrant host immune response in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) . In this pandemic, kidney transplant (KT) recipients are a high-risk population for severe infection and showed poor outcomes. We present a multicenter cohort study of 80 KT patients with severe COVID-19 treated with tocilizumab during hospital admission. High mortality rate was identified (32.5%), related with older age (hazard ratio [HR] 3.12 for those older than 60 years, P = .039). IL-6 and other inflammatory markers, including lactic acid dehydrogenase, ferritin, and D-dimer increased early after tocilizumab administration and their values were higher in nonsurvivors. Instead, C-reactive protein (CRP) levels decreased after tocilizumab, and this decrease positively correlated with survival (mean 12.3 mg/L in survivors vs. 33 mg/L in nonsurvivors). Each mg/L of CRP soon after tocilizumab increased the risk of death by 1% (HR 1.01 [confidence interval 1.004-1.024], P = .003). Although patients who died presented with worse respiratory situation at admission, this was not significantly different at tocilizumab administration and did not have an impact on outcome in the multivariate analysis. Tocilizumab may be effective in controlling cytokine storm in COVID-19 but randomized trials are needed

Association Between Preexisting Versus Newly Identified Atrial Fibrillation and Outcomes of Patients With Acute Pulmonary Embolism

Background Atrial fibrillation (AF) may exist before or occur early in the course of pulmonary embolism (PE). We determined the PE outcomes based on the presence and timing of AF. Methods and Results Using the data from a multicenter PE registry, we identified 3 groups: (1) those with preexisting AF, (2) patients with new AF within 2 days from acute PE (incident AF), and (3) patients without AF. We assessed the 90-day and 1-year risk of mortality and stroke in patients with AF, compared with those without AF (reference group). Among 16 497 patients with PE, 792 had preexisting AF. These patients had increased odds of 90-day all-cause (odds ratio [OR], 2.81; 95% CI, 2.33-3.38) and PE-related mortality (OR, 2.38; 95% CI, 1.37-4.14) and increased 1-year hazard for ischemic stroke (hazard ratio, 5.48; 95% CI, 3.10-9.69) compared with those without AF. After multivariable adjustment, preexisting AF was associated with significantly increased odds of all-cause mortality (OR, 1.91; 95% CI, 1.57-2.32) but not PE-related mortality (OR, 1.50; 95% CI, 0.85-2.66). Among 16 497 patients with PE, 445 developed new incident AF within 2 days of acute PE. Incident AF was associated with increased odds of 90-day all-cause (OR, 2.28; 95% CI, 1.75-2.97) and PE-related (OR, 3.64; 95% CI, 2.01-6.59) mortality but not stroke. Findings were similar in multivariable analyses. Conclusions In patients with acute symptomatic PE, both preexisting AF and incident AF predict adverse clinical outcomes. The type of adverse outcomes may differ depending on the timing of AF onset.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Resultados Semilleros de Investigación 2009-2010

La publicación recoge los doce informes finales de investigación presentados por los estudiantes de ocho Semilleros 1 y cuatro Semilleros 2, correspondientes a la convocatoria 2009–2010 y se constituye en el Número 25 de la Serie de Investigaciones en Construcción, si bien este es el primer Número publicado en formato digital que UNIJUS se permite poner a disposición no sólo de la comunidad universitaria, sino también de la sociedad colombiana e internacional, interesada en los temas estudiados por los jóvenes investigadores de la Facultad de Derecho, Ciencias Políticas y Sociales de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia

Multiculturalismo en Colombia: política, inclusión y exclusión de poblaciones negras

Ubicación en Biblioteca USB Medellín (San Benito): CD-1379tCon este artículo se busca dar una mirada sobre las condiciones y situaciones en que se desarrolla la cultura afrocolombiana a través del tiempo y como ha surgido y sobrevivido en nuestro país. A partir de la promulgación de la Constitución de 1991, la etnicidad de numerosos pueblos afrodescendientes, sobre todo de aquellos que poseen una territorialidad propia, se vio altamente fortalecida. De otro lado, el conflicto social y armado que se ha escenificado fundamentalmente en los territorios étnicos, ha conseguido desestructurar muchos de estos pueblos afrodescendientes que han tenido que migrar a los contextos urbanos para allí recomenzar sus dinámicas de recomposición étnica

Textiles funcionales como barrera de protección ante infecciones asociadas a la atención en salud

ABSTRACT Fibers reinforced with nanostructures has become an area of research that seeks to contain the transmission of microorganisms connected with health care associated infections, a public health problem that carries high burden of morbidity and mortality in the population and millions of dollars lost. Metal and metal oxide nanoparticles are known to be antimicrobial agents with wide application. This narrative review aims to examine the scientific evidence of functional textiles with antimicrobial properties as a strategy to contain the transmission of microorganisms related with health care associated infections, starting from the context of textiles as a source of contamination and infection, and the antimicrobial mechanisms of the different nanoparticles used as reinforcers to achieve a functional textile. The development of nanotechnology will allow progress in different fields of science and opportunities in functional textiles.RESUMO O tecido reforçado nanoestrutural tornou-se uma área de pesquisa que busca conter a transmissão de microorganismos relacionados a infecções associadas com cuidados de saúde, um problema de saúde pública carrega uma carga elevada de morbidade e mortalidade na população e perdas milionários de recursos econômicos. As nanopartículas metálicas e os óxidos metálicos são agentes antimicrobianos que ganharam importância devido à sua ampla aplicação. Esta revisão narrativa examina a evidência científica de têxteis funcionais com propriedades antimicrobianas como estratégia para conter a transmissão de microorganismos relacionados a infecções associadas com cuidados de saúde, do contexto de têxteis como fonte de contaminação e infecção e mecanismos antimicrobianos de as diferentes nanopartículas utilizadas como reforçadores para atingir um tecido funcional. O desenvolvimento da nanotecnologia permite o progresso em diferentes campos da ciência e oportunidades no campo dos têxteis funcionais.RESUMEN Los tejidos reforzados con nanoestructuras se ha convertido en un área de la investigación que busca contener la transmisión de microorganismos relacionados con las infecciones asociadas a la atención en salud, un problema de salud pública conlleva una alta carga de morbimortalidad en la población y pérdidas millonarias de recursos económicos. Las nanopartículas metálicas y óxido metálicas son agentes antimicrobianos que han cobrado importancia por su amplia aplicación. Esta revisión narrativa examina la evidencia científica de textiles funcionales con propiedades antimicrobianas como una estrategia para contener la transmisión de microorganismos relacionados con infecciones asociadas a la atención en salud, a partir del contexto de los textiles como fuente de contaminación e infección y los mecanismos antimicrobianos de las diferentes nanopartículas usadas como reforzantes para lograr un textil funcional. El desarrollo de la nanotecnología permite el progreso en diferentes campos de la ciencia y oportunidades en el ámbito de textiles funcionales

Outcome of Kidney Transplants from Viremic and Non-Viremic Hepatitis C Virus Positive Donors into Negative Recipients: Results of the Spanish Registry

Historically, donor infection with hepatitis-C virus (HCV) has been a barrier to kidney transplantation. However, in recent years, it has been reported that HCV positive kidney donors transplanted into HCV negative recipients offer acceptable mid-term results. However, acceptance of HCV donors, especially viremic, has not broadened in the clinical practice. This is an observational, multicenter, retrospective study including kidney transplants from HCV positive donors into negative recipients reported to the Spanish group from 2013 to 2021. Recipients from viremic donors received peri-transplant treatment with direct antiviral agents (DAA) for 8-12 weeks. We included 75 recipients from 44 HCV non-viremic donors and 41 from 25 HCV viremic donors. Primary non function, delayed graft function, acute rejection rate, renal function at the end of follow up, and patient and graft survival were not different between groups. Viral replication was not detected in recipients from non-viremic donors. Recipient treatment with DAA started pre-transplant avoids (n = 21) or attenuates (n = 5) viral replication but leads to non-different outcomes to post-transplant treatment with DAA (n = 15). HCV seroconversion was more frequent in recipients from viremic donors (73% vs. 16%, p < 0.001). One recipient of a viremic donor died due to hepatocellular carcinoma at 38 months. Donor HCV viremia seems not to be a risk factor for kidney transplant recipients receiving peri-transplant DAA, but continuous surveillance should be advised