Fácil Determinación y sin Sesgo del Volumen del Seno Maxilar

Galdames, IS (Suazo Galdames, Ivan). Univ Talca, Talca, ChileDetermining the volume of the maxillary sinus is necessary in certain procedures. We present a simple method for estimating the volume of the maxillary sinus from groups 3, 5 and 9 coronal CT scan using the Cavalieri method combined with systematic sampling and evaluated randomized images. We used 10 dry skulls submitted to the TC. The actual volume was determined using silicone adapted to the maxillary sinus cavity. The estimated volume showed a high correlation with real volume, with no differences between groups. We concluded that it is possible to estimate without bias and with high accuracy the volume of the maxillary sinus from a minimum of 3 CT images obtained through randomized systematic sampling and the proposed method

Factorizing Kernel Operators

Consider an operator T : X--->Y between Banach function spaces having adequate order continuity and Fatou properties. Assume that T can be factorized through a Banach space as T =SR, where R and the adjoint of S are p-th power and q-th power factorable, respectively. Then a canonical factorization scheme can be given for T. We show that it provides a tool for analyzing T that becomes specially useful for the case of kernel operators. In particular, we show that this square factorization scheme for T is equivalent to some inequalities for the bilinear form defined by T. Kernel operators are studied from this point of view.Support of the Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad under project # MTM2012-36740-C02-02 (Spain) is gratefully acknowledged.Galdames, O.; Sánchez Pérez, EA. (2013). Factorizing Kernel Operators. Integral Equations and Operator Theory. 75(1):13-29. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00020-012-2019-zS1329751Bennett C., Sharpley R.: Interpolation of Operators. Academic Press, Boston (1988)Calabuig J.M., Delgado O., Sánchez-Pérez E.A.: Factorizing operators on Banach function spaces through spaces of multiplication operators. J. Math. Anal. Appl. 364, 88–103 (2010)Defant A.: Variants of the Maurey-Rosenthal theorem for quasi Köthe function spaces. Positivity 5, 153–175 (2001)Defant A., Sánchez Pérez E.A.: Maurey-Rosenthal factorization of positive operators and convexity. J. Math. Anal. Appl. 297, 771–790 (2004)Diestel, J., Uhl, J.J.: Vector Measures. Mathematical Surveys, vol. 15. American Mathematical Society, Providence (1977)Fernández A., Mayoral F., Naranjo F., Sáez C., Sánchez-Pérez E.A.: Spaces of integrable functions with respect to a vector measure and factorizations through L p and Hilbert spaces. J. Math. Anal. Appl. 330, 1249–1263 (2007)Galdames O., Sánchez Pérez E.A.: Optimal range theorems for operators with p-th power factorable adjoints. Banach J. Math. Anal. 6(1), 63–71 (2012)Lindenstrauss J., Tzafriri L.: Classical Banach Spaces II. Springer, Berlin (1979)Okada, S., Ricker, W.J., Sánchez Pérez, E.A.: Optimal Domain and Integral Extension of Operators acting in Function Spaces. Operator Theory: Adv. Appl., vol. 180. Birkhäuser, Basel (2008)Zaanen, A.C.: Integration, 2nd revised edn. North Holland, Amsterdam; Interscience, New York (1967

Differences in the fly-load of Haematobia irritans (Diptera: Muscidae) on cattle is modified by endophyte infection of pastures

Background: The horn fly, Haematobia irritans, is an obligate bloodsucking ectoparasite of pastured cattle and is a major pest of livestock production in North and South America and Europe. In this study, we investigated the potential to use cattle pastures, infected with non-toxic, "friendly" fungal-endophyte-infected (E+) tall fescue, Festuca arundinacea Schreb., as a strategy for reducing horn fly loads in cattle, and to evaluate the possible bioinsecticide effect on horn fly larvae. Results: When cattle grazed in E+ tall fescue, a decrease in fly-load was observed, compared with other pastures (endophyte-free (E-) pastures). The infestation of horn fly load decreased according to an increase in the percentage of endophyte present in the different pastures (0 to 100%). Moreover, two groups of animals with significant differences in the fly-load (high and low fly-load) in the same herd were observed (P < 0.05). Additionally, it was possible to determine a bioinsecticide effect of cattle dung, upon horn fly larvae (80%), from animals fed E+ tall fescue. Conclusions: These results constitute the first report on the potential for exploiting pasture management for controlling 1) horn fly-loads on cattle and 2) the normal development of horn fly larvae. In conclusion, this information provides preliminary understanding of the role of cattle pasture diet management for controlling horn fliesas part of an integrated pest management strategy for this major pest of farmed livestock

Improving Search Engine Performance Through Dynamic Caching

Web search engines process several millions of queries per second over several billions of documents. Without any optimization, this process can be very expensive in terms of processing times. In this regard, appropriate use of computing power is essential. One way to tackle this problem is through the use of caching mechanisms. Keep in mind, most research based on caching mechanisms uses repetitive queries-it means queries syntactically equals-to conform caches. Furthermore, the universe of repetitive queries is small in comparison with a set of similar semantically queries. This paper presents a dynamic cache that relies on an online algorithm, which performs a semantic match between the user's query and queries stored in the cache. Broadly speaking, the algorithm employs a priority queue, where popular queries are stored along with their relevant documents. Empirical results show that our proposed approach improves the response times and precision. Moreover, the use of semantically related keywords proves to be a key contribution that had been overlooked in previous research

Hemoglobinas Em Cascudos (Siluriformes) Da Amazônia Central. Ii. Determinação Do Efeito Bohr Por Focalização Isoelétrica.

The qualitative analyse of Bohr effect by isoelectric focusing on polyacrilamide gel from hemolysed of the seven species hemoglobins of Loricariidae and Callicthidae family of Amazon River have a heterogeneous effect. Some of them have shown hemoglobins with isoelectric point which increase when the protein is in deoxygenated state in comparison to the carboxy state, likely human hemoglobin. Others presented its hemoglobins in the deoxy state without any change in the PI or have presented an decrease in such as value. The changes in isoelectric point when the carboxyhemoglobin was comproved with the deoxyhemoglobin have been used as Bohr effect's indicator. Thus, Pterygoplychthis pardalis presents a reverse Bohr effect that was confirmed by oxygen equilibrium analysis. Plecostomus; Canthoporus and Hoplosternum throcatum showed hemoglobins with normal Bohr effect. On the other hand Sturisoma robustum presented one hemoglobin component with normal and others with reverse Bohr effects. A close relationship between Bohr effect analysed by this methodology and that usually done by equilibrium studies could be observed. The heterogeneous Bohr effect could be correlated with the habitat or their ability to survive in hypoxic environment.", 'enA análise qualitativa do efeito Bohr por eletrofocalização em gel de poliacrilamida dos hemolisados de sete espécies das famílias Loricariidae e Callicthidae da Amazônia Central nos revelou uma natureza diversa deste efeito. Algumas hemoglobinas destas espécies mostraram um incremento no ponto isoelétrico (PI) da forma deoxigenada em comparação à forma carboxy, como ocorre com a hemoglobina humana. Outras espécies contudo tiveram suas hemoglobinas com PI diminuído e ainda em outras espécies foi observado alteração no PI de somente um dos componentes. A modificação no PI das forma deoxy da hemoglobina correlacionada com a presença ou não de efeito Bohr normal ou ainda com efeito Bohr reverso. Pterygoplichtys pardalis apresenta efeito Bohr reverso por este método o qual foi comprovado por estudos de equilíbrio de oxigenação de suas hemoglobinas. Plecostomus e Hoplosternum thorocatum apresentaram componentes com efeito Bohr normal. Já em Sturisoma robustum observou-se a presença de alguns componentes com efeito Bohr reverso e de outros com efeito Bohr normal; enquanto que em Canthoporus genibarbis somente a presença de efeito Bohr normal pode ser encontrado. Esta variabilidade de efeitos Bohrs achados poderiam relacionar-se com o habitat destas espécies ou com sua habilidade para sobreviver em ambientes hipóxicos

Automatic Routing System for Intelligent Warehouses

Automation of logistic processes is essential to improve productivity and reduce costs. In this context, intelligent warehouses are becoming a key to logistic systems thanks to their ability of optimizing transportation tasks and, consequently, reducing costs. This paper initially presents briefly routing systems applied on intelligent warehouses. Then, we present the approach used to develop our router system. This router system is able to solve traffic jams and collisions, generate conflict-free and optimized paths before sending the final paths to the robotic forklifts. It also verifies the progress of all tasks. When a problem occurs, the router system can change the task priorities, routes, etc. in order to avoid new conflicts. In the routing simulations, each vehicle executes its tasks starting from a predefined initial pose, moving to the desired position. Our algorithm is based on Dijkstra's shortest path and the time window approaches and it was implemented in C language. Computer simulation tests were used to validate the algorithm efficiency under different working conditions. Several simulations were carried out using the Player/Stage Simulator to test the algorithms. Thanks to the simulations, we could solve many faults and refine the algorithms before embedding them in real robots.Comment: 2010 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, International workshop on Robotics and Intelligent Transportation System, Full Day Workshop, May 7th 2010, Anchorage, Alaska. Organizers,Christian Laugier (INRIA, France), Ming Lin (University of North Carolina, USA), Philippe Martinet IFMA and LASMEA, France),Urbano Nunes (ISR, Portugal

Backyard poultry production in Chile: animal health management and contribution to food access in an upper middle-income country

Backyard production systems (BPS) that involve poultry are a good way to improve food security and poverty alleviation. Few studies have been carried out to quantify the contribution of poultry production to these households and the constraints they might face if a priority animal disease enters these systems. This study aims to characterize the poultry-rearing BPS in central Chile and to identify socio-economic factors associated to households’ consumption of poultry. Data was collected from 384 BPS through a face-to-face semi-structured questionnaire. Value chain framework associated with BPS poultry rearing and cash flow analysis of BPS was done to identify the inputs/outputs of the system and to know the profitability of the system. Multiple linear regression was performed to identify the BPS and household factors associated to poultry consumption. The results of this study suggest that BPS in central Chile have biosecurity deficiencies such as: lack of confinement, lack of veterinary assistance and incorrect handling of dead animals. Cash flow analysis indicated that 62% of the BPS had a positive balance from production. Distance to closest market and per capita income were factors associated to poultry value to farmers. Different factors were significant predictors of household poultry consumption. Positive predictors of consumption were identified as: (i) older owners, (ii) higher transportation price to closest market, (iii) larger flock size (iv) birds raised by women and (v) owning a car. On the contrary, (i) higher per capita income and (ii) bigger household size predicted a reduction in consumption. The results indicate the importance of BPS to low-income families and those living in remote areas while also highlighting the vulnerability of these systems to disease risks

Proyecto de franquicia para el Instituto Chileno Norteamericano (ICHN)

Tesis (Ingeniero Comercial)A través de este proyecto hemos desarrollado las bases para la implementación de un contrato de franquicia para el Instituto Chileno Norteamericano (ICHN) que entre sus objetivos está el acrecentar su participación de mercado, conservando su liderazgo y de esta forma enfrentar la globalización y mayor competencia de los mercados mediante un método novedoso y poco explotado sistema en Chile, la Franquicia. En la elaboración de este proyecto asumimos el diagnóstico del ICHN, en el sentido que diversos documentos avalan esta proyección de crecimiento de la demanda por Inglés, cuestión ampliamente diagnosticada por el ICHN en cuanto al aumento de la demanda experimentada en los últimos años. Para la mejor comprensión del lector, el proyecto esta estructurado en cinco Capítulos; Capítulo primero: marco teórico sobre franquicias; capítulo segundo: franquicias en Chile; capítulo tercero: investigación de mercado de tipo exploratoria para medir la demanda real por el idioma Inglés; el cuarto capítulo contiene antecedentes institucionales-históricos del ICHN como así también la elaboración de estudios estratégicos; finalmente el quinto capítulo está constituido por la elaboración de las bases, instrumentos y contrato para la realización de una franquicia en el ICHN