Catchment influences on the hydrological flows to lake terra alta (Linhares, ES, Brazil) and ecohydrology perspectives

Dissertação de mestrado, Ecohidrologia, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade do Algarve, 2015Lake Terra Alta (LTA) (A= 3.9 km2; Zmax= 22.1.m) is a tropical natural lake located in the State of Espírito Santo (Southeast Brazil) being one of the 90 lakes which form the Lake District of Lower Doce Rover Valley (LDRV). LTA catchment area is 144.7 km2 and is composed by 8 subbasins and 7 tributaries streams. Its predominant land use is pasturage and smaller dimension cropping and Eucalyptus forestry, with no urban areas or industrial activities. Catchments morphometry and land uses and land cover have implications on the catchments hydromorphological processes, thus influencing hydrological flows to downstream lake. Therefore, hydrological knowledge is necessary to subsidize basin management plans. LTA is under pressure of direct water withdraw for irrigation, as well as water withdraws from the tributary rivers and fluvial damming. Nutrient inputs from catchment natural loads and anthropogenic activities (i.e., agriculture, livestock, forestry). Those pressures may compromise lake ecosystem services that are provided by water quantity and quality. In this regard, an echohydrological approach provide a more concise support for Integrated Lake Basin Management (ILBM), considering the relationships of lake catchment, stakeholders and governance systems. The main goal of this study is to evaluate the hydrological flows to LTA under an ecohydrological approach, integrating catchment morphometry, hydrography, hydrology, and land use and land cover. Based on a georeferenced database, river discharge measurements and modeling, and hydrochemistry analysis of the tributary streams, loads of nutrients are obtained. Subbasins data are analyzed through multivariate statistical analysis (i.e., PCA) in relation to mentioned catchments features. The obtained results provide sound information of the influence and relationships of land use and morphometry on the different subbasins. Thus, providing valuable information for the sustainable management of the basin and propose ecohydrologycal responses for inflow nutrient abatement and improve freshwater inputs to lake ecosystem to ensure ecosystem services provided by LTA.A Lagoa Terra Alta (LTA) (A= 3.9 km2; Zmax= 22.1.m) e uma lagoa tropical natural localizada no Estado de Espírito Santo (Brasil) sendo uma das 90 lagoas que formam o distrito de Lagoas do Vale do Baixo Rio Doce (LVRD). A área da bacia da LTA e 144.7 km2 sendo composta por 8 sub-bacias e 7 cursos de água tributários. O uso do solo predominante é o pasto e numa dimensão menor a agricultura e a silvicultura de Eucalyptus. Não tem área urbana nem atividade industrial. A morfometria e usos do solo nas sub-bacias têm implicações nos processos hidrológicos na bacia, influindo os fluxos hidrológicos das lagoas rio abaixo. Por isso o conhecimento hidrológico e necessário para a gestão. LTA tem pressão direita da extração da agua para rega, também na extração nos cursos da água tributários, na construção de barragens e na introdução de nutrientes por fluxos naturais e antropogênicos (agricultura, gado, silvicultura). Essas pressões podem pôr em risco os serviços do ecossistema fornecidos pela qualidade e pela quantidade da água. Em relação, à Eco-hidrología, fornece um apoio mais conciso para a Gestão Integrada da Bacia da Lagoa (ILBM), considerando as relações na bacia da lagoa, as partes interessadas e os sistemas de governança. O principal objetivo deste trabalho é estudar os fluxos hidrográficos da LTA numa abordagem eco-hidrológica, integrando a morfometria, a hidrografia, a hidrologia e usos do solo. Baseado numa base de dados georreferençados, a vazão medida e modelada dos cursos da água, a analise hidroquímica dos mesmos, os fluxos hidrológicos são estimados. Cada sub-bacia é estudada com estatística multivariada (PCA) em relação às características hidrográficas mencionadas. Os resultados obtidos fornecem boa informação das influências e relacionamento do uso do solo e a morfologia com as sub-bacias. Assim, fornece informações valiosas para a gestão sustentável da bacia e propor atuações para garantir os serviços do ecossistema fornecidos pela LTA

Evolución cuantitativa de la presencia de la mujer en la Escuela Técnica Superior de Arquitectura de A Coruña

Esta comunicación surge a partir del proyecto de investigación MAGA (Mujeres Arquitectas de GAlicia) cuyo objetivo consiste en determinar la visibilidad de las arquitectas gallegas a través de su papel activo como agente arquitectónico en los ámbitos profesionales, sociales y académicos. Se trata de profundizar en el estudio del grado de participación de la mujer en la carrera docente, planteándose ésta como una opción profesional. El ámbito del trabajo se centra en el sistema educativo universitario público de Galicia, al que pertenece la Escuela Técnica Superior de Arquitectura (ETSAC) de la Universidade da Coruña (UDC), considerando un período temporal comprendido entre los años 1975 y 2012

The visibility of women architects in Galicia: wome in architectural journals

[Abstract] A survey of the presence of female Galician architects in Spanish architectural journals reveals the limited visibility and scant professional and cultural recognition of these women’s work. The lack of female role models in Galician architecture and the scarcity of references to their work by other authors highlight the existence of gender prejudices within the profession, which have only been reinforced by the low representation of women on the editorial boards of such publications. Our analysis of the visibility of women architects in Galicia is based on a specific, detailed database of contributions by women architects from 1940 to the present day, compiled in relation to a large corpus of specialist journals published during that period

Mujeres arquitectas de Galicia. Anexo 6. Presencia en las revistas de arquitectura

Se visibiliza la presencia de las mujeres en una serie de revistas españolas de arquitectura a lo largo del siglo XX e inicios del XXI. Para ello, se estudia la presencia de artículos y obras en las que participan nombres femeninos, arquitectas en su mayoría.Se ha realizado una exhaustivo recorrido por las revistas Arquitectos, Arquitectura, BAC, Boletín Académico, Hogar y Arquitectura, Nueva Forma, Obradoiro y Quaderns d´Arquitectura i Urbanisme. El período escrutado discurre entre el respectivo surgimiento de cada revista hasta hasta el año 2012, o en su defecto, hasta su número de extinción. A partir de la base de datos obtenida, se analiza la presencia de las mujeres en dichas revistas, con especial atención a las arquitectas gallegas, y de un modo más concreto a las pioneras

Arquitectas de Galicia en las revistas de arquitectura

El análisis de la presencia de las arquitectas de Galicia en las publicaciones especializadas de ámbito nacional, verifica la escasa visibilidad y el exiguo reconocimiento profesional y cultural de estas profesionales. La ausencia de referencias propias y la carencia de modelos femeninos en el ámbito arquitectural acentúan los estereotipos de género. Estereotipos que se retroalimentan al no contar los órganos de decisión de las publicaciones arquitectónicas con presencia femenina. Este estudio se fundamenta en la elaboración de una base de datos específica y pormenorizada, que da cuenta de las aportaciones de las arquitectas en una selección significativa de las revistas profesionales desde la década de los años cuarenta del siglo XX hasta la actualida

A nationwide monitoring of atmospheric microplastic deposition

8 Pág.Plastic production continues to increase every year, yet it is widely acknowledged that a significant portion of this material ends up in ecosystems as microplastics (MPs). Among all the environmental compartments affected by MPs, the atmosphere remains the least well-known. Here, we conducted a one-year simultaneous monitoring of atmospheric MPs deposition in ten urban areas, each with different population sizes, economic activities, and climates. The objective was to assess the role of the atmosphere in the fate of MPs by conducting a nationwide quantification of atmospheric MP deposition. To achieve this, we deployed collectors in ten different urban areas across continental Spain and the Canary Islands. We implemented a systematic sampling methodology with rigorous quality control/quality assurance, along with particle-oriented identification and quantification of anthropogenic particle deposition, which included MPs and industrially processed natural fibres. Among the sampled MPs, polyester fibres were the most abundant, followed by acrylic polymers, polypropylene, and alkyd resins. Their equivalent sizes ranged from 22 μm to 398 μm, with a median value of 71 μm. The particle size distribution of MPs showed fewer large particles than expected from a three-dimensional fractal fragmentation pattern, which was attributed to the higher mobility of small particles, especially fibres. The atmospheric deposition rate of MPs ranged from 5.6 to 78.6 MPs m-2 day-1, with the higher values observed in densely populated areas such as Barcelona and Madrid. Additionally, we detected natural polymers, mostly cellulosic fibres with evidence of industrial processing, with a deposition rate ranging from 6.4 to 58.6 particles m-2 day-1. There was a positive correlation was found between the population of the study area and the median of atmospheric MP deposition, supporting the hypothesis that urban areas act as sources of atmospheric MPs. Our study presents a systematic methodology for monitoring atmospheric MP deposition.The authors acknowledge the support provided by Spanish Network of Plastics in the Environment, EnviroPlaNet (www.enviroplanet.net) and the financial support provided by the Spanish Government, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, grants PID2020-113769RB-C21/C22. The authors would like to thank the Interdepartmental Investigation Research Service of the Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (SIDI-UAM and Segainvex) for the use of their infrastructures and their technical support. J.G.S. thanks ACIISI for the contract from the Viera y Clavijo program at the University of La Laguna (85 % co-financed by the European Social Fund).Peer reviewe

Identification of genetic variants associated with Huntington's disease progression: a genome-wide association study

Background Huntington's disease is caused by a CAG repeat expansion in the huntingtin gene, HTT. Age at onset has been used as a quantitative phenotype in genetic analysis looking for Huntington's disease modifiers, but is hard to define and not always available. Therefore, we aimed to generate a novel measure of disease progression and to identify genetic markers associated with this progression measure. Methods We generated a progression score on the basis of principal component analysis of prospectively acquired longitudinal changes in motor, cognitive, and imaging measures in the 218 indivduals in the TRACK-HD cohort of Huntington's disease gene mutation carriers (data collected 2008–11). We generated a parallel progression score using data from 1773 previously genotyped participants from the European Huntington's Disease Network REGISTRY study of Huntington's disease mutation carriers (data collected 2003–13). We did a genome-wide association analyses in terms of progression for 216 TRACK-HD participants and 1773 REGISTRY participants, then a meta-analysis of these results was undertaken. Findings Longitudinal motor, cognitive, and imaging scores were correlated with each other in TRACK-HD participants, justifying use of a single, cross-domain measure of disease progression in both studies. The TRACK-HD and REGISTRY progression measures were correlated with each other (r=0·674), and with age at onset (TRACK-HD, r=0·315; REGISTRY, r=0·234). The meta-analysis of progression in TRACK-HD and REGISTRY gave a genome-wide significant signal (p=1·12 × 10−10) on chromosome 5 spanning three genes: MSH3, DHFR, and MTRNR2L2. The genes in this locus were associated with progression in TRACK-HD (MSH3 p=2·94 × 10−8 DHFR p=8·37 × 10−7 MTRNR2L2 p=2·15 × 10−9) and to a lesser extent in REGISTRY (MSH3 p=9·36 × 10−4 DHFR p=8·45 × 10−4 MTRNR2L2 p=1·20 × 10−3). The lead single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in TRACK-HD (rs557874766) was genome-wide significant in the meta-analysis (p=1·58 × 10−8), and encodes an aminoacid change (Pro67Ala) in MSH3. In TRACK-HD, each copy of the minor allele at this SNP was associated with a 0·4 units per year (95% CI 0·16–0·66) reduction in the rate of change of the Unified Huntington's Disease Rating Scale (UHDRS) Total Motor Score, and a reduction of 0·12 units per year (95% CI 0·06–0·18) in the rate of change of UHDRS Total Functional Capacity score. These associations remained significant after adjusting for age of onset. Interpretation The multidomain progression measure in TRACK-HD was associated with a functional variant that was genome-wide significant in our meta-analysis. The association in only 216 participants implies that the progression measure is a sensitive reflection of disease burden, that the effect size at this locus is large, or both. Knockout of Msh3 reduces somatic expansion in Huntington's disease mouse models, suggesting this mechanism as an area for future therapeutic investigation

Myriam Goluboff Scheps

Entrevista realizada a la arquitecta Myriam Goluboff Scheps el 26/09/2012 dentro del proyecto I+D+i “Las mujeres arquitectas de Galicia: su papel en la profesión y en la enseñanza de la profesión (el ejercicio de la arquitectura en Galicia desde una perspectiva de género)”, MAGA.Ministerio de Sanidad, Política Social e Igualdad; 2011-0004-INV-0013