1,422 research outputs found
ATLAS sensitivity range for the x_s measurement
Previous results for the prospects of B_s mixing measurement in the ATLAS
experiment at LHC are updated. The improved analysis method of the studied
decay channels B_s -> D_s pi and B_s -> D_s a_1, combined with most recent
values for the branching ratios and the B_s lifetime, leads to the new ATLAS
sensitivity range for the x_s measurement: x_s^{max} = 42. An extensive study
is done in order to estimate how x_s^{max} is influenced by the B-decay
proper-time resolution of the vertex detector, as well as by the number of
events and by the signal-to-background ratio.Comment: 17 pages, incl. 12 figure
Thermo-kinetic approach of single-particles and clusters involving anomalous diffusion under viscoelastic response
We present a thermo-kinetic description of anomalous diffusion of
single-particles and clusters in a viscoelastic medium in terms of a
non-Markovian diffusion equation involving memory functions. The scaling
behaviour of these functions is analyzed by considering hydrodynamics and
cluster-size space random walk arguments. We explain experimental results on
diffusion of Brownian particles in the cytoskeleton, in cluster-cluster
aggregation and in a suspension of micelles.Comment: To be published in the Journal of Physical Chemistry
Finite-size effects in intracellular microrheology
We propose a model to explain finite-size effects in intracellular
microrheology observed in experiments. The constrained dynamics of the
particles in the intracellular medium, treated as a viscoelastic medium, is
described by means of a diffusion equation in which interactions of the
particles with the cytoskeleton are modelled by a harmonic force. The model
reproduces the observed power-law behavior of the mean-square displacement in
which the exponent depends on the ratio between
particle-to-cytoskeleton-network sizes.Comment: 6 pages 2 figures. To appear in the Journal of Chemical Physic
Evaluation of Muscle Imbalances and the Presence of Upper- and Lower-Crossed Syndromes among Powerlifters
Please view abstract in the attached PDF fil
AC-coupled GaAs microstrip detectors with a new type of integrated bias resistors
Full size single-sided GaAs microstrip detectors with integrated coupling
capacitors and bias resistors have been fabricated on 3'' substrate wafers.
PECVD deposited SiO_2 and SiO_2/Si_3N_4 layers were used to provide coupling
capacitaces of 32.5 pF/cm and 61.6 pF/cm, respectively. The resistors are made
of sputtered CERMET using simple lift of technique. The sheet resistivity of 78
kOhm/sq. and the thermal coefficient of resistance of less than 4x10^-3 /
degree C satisfy the demands of small area biasing resistors, working on a wide
temperature range.Comment: 20 pages, 9 figures, to be published in NIM
Thermodynamics and dynamics of the formation of spherical lipidic vesicles
We propose a free energy expression accounting for the formation of spherical
vesicles from planar lipidic membranes and derive a Fokker-Planck equation for
the probability distribution describing the dynamics of vesicle formation. We
found that formation may occur as an activated process for small membranes and
as a transport process for sufficiently large membranes. We give explicit
expressions for the transition rates and the characteristic time of vesicle
formation in terms of the relevant physical parameters.Comment: 14pgs, 6 figures, sendo to Jour. Phys. Bio
Cholinergic signals preserve haematopoietic stem cell quiescence during regenerative haematopoiesis.
The sympathetic nervous system has been evolutionary selected to respond to stress and activates haematopoietic stem cells via noradrenergic signals. However, the pathways preserving haematopoietic stem cell quiescence and maintenance under proliferative stress remain largely unknown. Here we found that cholinergic signals preserve haematopoietic stem cell quiescence in bone-associated (endosteal) bone marrow niches. Bone marrow cholinergic neural signals increase during stress haematopoiesis and are amplified through cholinergic osteoprogenitors. Lack of cholinergic innervation impairs balanced responses to chemotherapy or irradiation and reduces haematopoietic stem cell quiescence and self-renewal. Cholinergic signals activate α7 nicotinic receptor in bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells leading to increased CXCL12 expression and haematopoietic stem cell quiescence. Consequently, nicotine exposure increases endosteal haematopoietic stem cell quiescence in vivo and impairs hematopoietic regeneration after haematopoietic stem cell transplantation in mice. In humans, smoking history is associated with delayed normalisation of platelet counts after allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation. These results suggest that cholinergic signals preserve stem cell quiescence under proliferative stress
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