Desarrollo rural y deterioro del bosque. Región interestatal del Alto Lerma

Esta investigación analiza las condiciones naturales y socioeconómicas de la región interestatal Alto Lerma, mediante una evaluación diagnóstica de las fortalezas, oportunidades, debilidades y amenazas que afectan la utilización de las áreas que corresponden a bosques templados. Se aportan elementos para repensar las formas de intervención y apropiación de los recursos forestales y se proponen estrategias para la atención social y ambiental de las comunidades rurales. Se analizó información cartográfica, estadística y documental, así como la obtenida por medio de entrevistas proporcionadas por funcionarios públicos

“NIVEL DE MEJORÍA EN LAS HABILIDADES DEL MIEMBRO SUPERIOR DE ACUERDO AL QUEST, EN NIÑOS CON PARÁLISIS CEREBRAL TIPO HEMIPARESIA ESPÁSTICA POSTERIOR DE RECIBIR UN PROGRAMA DE REALIDAD VIRTUAL EN EL CENTRO DE REHABILITACION INFANTIL TELETÓN ESTADO DE MÉXICO, 2013”

OBJETIVO: Determinar cuál será el nivel de mejoría en las habilidades de miembro superior de acuerdo al QUEST, en niños con parálisis cerebral tipo hemiparesia espástica posterior a recibir un programa de realidad virtual en el Centro de Rehabilitación Infantil Teletón Estado de México, 2013 MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, prospectivo, cuasi-experimental, longitudinal con una muestra a conveniencia de 5 pacientes, con una edad promedio de 6 años 4 meses, presentado 3 de ellos parálisis cerebral tipo hemiparesia izquierda, y 2 parálisis cerebral tipo hemiparesia espástica derecha. Se utilizó la prueba Quality Upper Extremity Skills Test como herramienta de evaluación previo y posterior al programa de terapia de realidad virtual, Basándonos en la escala de intervalos se determinará el nivel de mejoría en las habilidades de miembro superior de niños con parálisis cerebral tipo hemiparesia espática posterior a recibir un programa de realidad virtual RESULTADOS: En dominio de movimientos disociados el ítem con mayor porcentaje de mejoría fue movilidad disociada de dedos con 34.8%, En el dominio de habilidades de extensión protectora el porcentaje de mejoría alcanzado fue del 25%, el ítem con mayor porcentaje de mejoría fue el de extensión protectora posterior con una mejoría del 35%. El porcentaje de mejoría total fue de 18.35%, el nivel de mejoría fue regular. CONCLUSIONES: movimiento disociado de dedos obteniendo un nivel de mejoría excelente (34.8%), La extensión protectora posterior es la habilidad más beneficiada en este estudio 35%. El porcentaje de mejoría promedio fue de 18.35%

Régimen y distribución de los incendios forestales en el Estado de México (2000 a 2011)

Los incendios forestales propician cambios globales que afectan a la biósfera y se les considera la tercera causa en la pérdida y degradación de grandes extensiones de terrenos forestales; son una fuente significativa de las emisiones de gases que provocan el calentamiento global y la pérdida de millones de toneladas de carbono almacenado en los ecosistemas y otras repercusiones ambientales importantes. En los últimos años, el Estado de México ha ocupado los primeros lugares a nivel nacional en cuanto al número de ocurrencia de incendios. Este trabajo analiza el régimen de incendios forestales, los cuales están determinados por cambios en las variables del clima y el tipo de cobertura vegetal. Para ello, se revisó la base de datos diaria sobre climatología e incendios forestales generada por la Red Ambiental de Monitoreo Atmosférico y la Protectora de Bosques durante los años 2000 a 2011. Los resultados indican que la frecuencia anual fue de 1 418 incendios, que afectan en promedio una superficie de 5 141 hectáreas; con un Índice de afectación promedio de 3.3 hectáreas por incendio; que se presentan recurrentemente con una marcada estacionalidad en la temporada primavera verano, así como con un periodo de recurrencia de 1 o 2 años, en función de la precipitación, humedad y temperatura alcanzada el año anterior. En los ecosistemas de bosques templados y selvas ocurren los siniestros de alta severidad

The Mexican Spanish version of the Juvenile Arthritis Multidimensional Assessment Report (JAMAR)

The Juvenile Arthritis Multidimensional Assessment Report (JAMAR) is a new parent/patient reported outcome measure that enables a thorough assessment of the disease status in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). We report the results of the cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the parent and patient versions of the JAMAR in the Mexican Spanish language. The reading comprehension of the questionnaire was tested in 10 JIA parents and patients. Each participating centre was asked to collect demographic, clinical data and the JAMAR in 100 consecutive JIA patients or all consecutive patients seen in a 6-month period and to administer the JAMAR to 100 healthy children and their parents. The statistical validation phase explored descriptive statistics and the psychometric issues of the JAMAR: the 3 Likert assumptions, floor/ceiling effects, internal consistency, Cronbach\u2019s alpha, interscale correlations, test\u2013retest reliability, and construct validity (convergent and discriminant validity). A total of 100 JIA patients (16% systemic, 16% oligoarticular, 30% RF positive polyarthritis, 38% other categories) and 99 healthy children, were enrolled at the paediatric rheumatology department of the Hospital General de Mexico. The JAMAR components discriminated well healthy subjects from JIA patients. However, there was no significant difference between healthy subjects and their affected peers in school related problem variable. All JAMAR components revealed good psychometric performances. In conclusion, the Mexican Spanish version of the JAMAR is a valid tool for the assessment of children with JIA and is suitable for use both in routine clinical practice and clinical research

Cellular Senescence in Livers from Children with End Stage Liver Disease

Senescent cells occur in adults with cirrhotic livers independent of the etiology. Aim: Investigate the presence rate of cellular senescence and expression of cell cycle check points in livers from children with end stage disease. staining occurred in the areas of ductular transformation and in the interlobular bile ducts.Cellular senescence in livers of children with end stage disease is associated with damage rather than corresponding to an age dependent phenomenon. Further studies are needed to support the hypothesis that these senescence markers correlate with disease progression

TOX Regulates Growth, DNA Repair, and Genomic Instability in T-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is an aggressive malignancy of thymocytes. Using a transgenic screen in zebrafish, thymocyte selection–associated high mobility group box protein (TOX) was uncovered as a collaborating oncogenic driver that accelerated T-ALL onset by expanding the initiating pool of transformed clones and elevating genomic instability. TOX is highly expressed in a majority of human T-ALL and is required for proliferation and continued xenograft growth in mice. Using a wide array of functional analyses, we uncovered that TOX binds directly to KU70/80 and suppresses recruitment of this complex to DNA breaks to inhibit nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) repair. Impaired NHEJ is well known to cause genomic instability, including development of T-cell malignancies in KU70- and KU80-deficient mice. Collectively, our work has uncovered important roles for TOX in regulating NHEJ by elevating genomic instability during leukemia initiation and sustaining leukemic cell proliferation following transformation

Barriers of mental health treatment utilization among first-year college students: First cross-national results from the WHO World Mental Health International College Student Initiative.

BACKGROUND: Although mental disorders and suicidal thoughts-behaviors (suicidal thoughts and behaviors) are common among university students, the majority of students with these problems remain untreated. It is unclear what the barriers are to these students seeking treatment. AIMS: The aim of this study is to examine the barriers to future help-seeking and the associations of clinical characteristics with these barriers in a cross-national sample of first-year college students. METHOD: As part of the World Mental Health International College Student (WMH-ICS) initiative, web-based self-report surveys were obtained from 13,984 first-year students in eight countries across the world. Clinical characteristics examined included screens for common mental disorders and reports about suicidal thoughts and behaviors. Multivariate regression models adjusted for socio-demographic, college-, and treatment-related variables were used to examine correlates of help-seeking intention and barriers to seeking treatment. RESULTS: Only 24.6% of students reported that they would definitely seek treatment if they had a future emotional problem. The most commonly reported reasons not to seek treatment among students who failed to report that they would definitely seek help were the preference to handle the problem alone (56.4%) and wanting to talk with friends or relatives instead (48.0%). Preference to handle the problem alone and feeling too embarrassed were also associated with significantly reduced odds of having at least some intention to seek help among students who failed to report that they would definitely seek help. Having 12-month major depression, alcohol use disorder, and suicidal thoughts and behaviors were also associated with significantly reduced reported odds of the latter outcome. CONCLUSIONS: The majority of first-year college students in the WMH-ICS surveys report that they would be hesitant to seek help in case of future emotional problems. Attitudinal barriers and not structural barriers were found to be the most important reported reasons for this hesitation. Experimental research is needed to determine whether intention to seek help and, more importantly, actual help-seeking behavior could be increased with the extent to which intervention strategies need to be tailored to particular student characteristics. Given that the preference to handle problems alone and stigma and appear to be critical, there could be value in determining if internet-based psychological treatments, which can be accessed privately and are often build as self-help approaches, would be more acceptable than other types of treatments to student who report hesitation about seeking treatment.status: publishe

WHO World Mental Health Surveys International College Student Project: Prevalence and Distribution of Mental Disorders

Increasingly, colleges across the world are contending with rising rates of mental disorders, and in many cases, the demand for services on campus far exceeds the available resources. The present study reports initial results from the first stage of the WHO World Mental Health International College Student project, in which a series of surveys in 19 colleges across 8 countries (Australia, Belgium, Germany, Mexico, Northern Ireland, South Africa, Spain, United States) were carried out with the aim of estimating prevalence and basic sociodemographic correlates of common mental disorders among first-year college students. Web-based self-report questionnaires administered to incoming first-year students (45.5% pooled response rate) screened for six common lifetime and 12-month DSM-IV mental disorders: major depression, mania/hypomania, generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, alcohol use disorder, and substance use disorder. We focus on the 13,984 respondents who were full-time students: 35% of whom screened positive for at least one of the common lifetime disorders assessed and 31% screened positive for at least one 12-month disorder. Syndromes typically had onsets in early to middle adolescence and persisted into the year of the survey. Although relatively modest, the strongest correlates of screening positive were older age, female sex, unmarried-deceased parents, no religious affiliation, nonheterosexual identification and behavior, low secondary school ranking, and extrinsic motivation for college enrollment. The weakness of these associations means that the syndromes considered are widely distributed with respect to these variables in the student population. Although the extent to which cost-effective treatment would reduce these risks is unclear, the high level of need for mental health services implied by these results represents a major challenge to institutions of higher education and governments. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved).status: publishe

Sodium restriction in patients with chronic heart failure and reduced ejection fraction: A randomized controlled trial

Background: Sodium restriction is recommended for patients with heart failure (HF) despite the lack of solid clinical evidence from randomized controlled trials. Whether or not sodium restrictions provide beneficial cardiac effects is not known. Methods: The present study is a randomized, double-blind, controlled trial of stable HF patients with ejection fraction ≤ 40%. Patients were allocated to sodium restriction (2 g of sodium/day) vs. control (3 g of sodium/day). The primary outcome was change in N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) at 20 weeks. Secondary outcomes included quality of life and adverse safety events (HF readmission, blood pressure or electrolyte abnormalities). Results: Seventy patients were enrolled. Median baseline sodium consumption was 3268 (2225–4537) mg/day. Adherence to the intervention based on 24-hour urinary sodium was 32%. NT-proBNP and quality of life did not significantly change between groups (p > 0.05 for both). Adverse safety events were not significantly different between the arms (p > 0.6 for all). In the per protocol analysis, patients who achieved a sodium intake < 2500 mg/day at the  intervention conclusion showed improvements in NT-proBNP levels (between-group difference: –55%, 95% confidence interval –27 to –73%; p = 0.002) and quality of life (between-group difference –11 ± 5 points; p = 0.04). Blood pressure decreased in patients with lower sodium intake (between-group difference –9 ± 5 mmHg; p = 0.05) without significant differences in symptomatic hypotension or other safety events (p > 0.3 for all). Conclusions: Adherence assessed by 24-hour natriuresis and by the nutritionist was poor. The group allocated to sodium restriction did not show improvement in NT-proBNP. However, patients who achieved a sodium intake < 2500 mg/day appeared to have improvements in NT-proBNP and quality of life without any adverse safety signals. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03351283

Systematic assessment of long-read RNA-seq methods for transcript identification and quantification

The Long-read RNA-Seq Genome Annotation Assessment Project (LRGASP) Consortium was formed to evaluate the effectiveness of long-read approaches for transcriptome analysis. The consortium generated over 427 million long-read sequences from cDNA and direct RNA datasets, encompassing human, mouse, and manatee species, using different protocols and sequencing platforms. These data were utilized by developers to address challenges in transcript isoform detection and quantification, as well as de novo transcript isoform identification. The study revealed that libraries with longer, more accurate sequences produce more accurate transcripts than those with increased read depth, whereas greater read depth improved quantification accuracy. In well-annotated genomes, tools based on reference sequences demonstrated the best performance. When aiming to detect rare and novel transcripts or when using reference-free approaches, incorporating additional orthogonal data and replicate samples are advised. This collaborative study offers a benchmark for current practices and provides direction for future method development in transcriptome analysis