Advancing Healthcare Security: A Cutting-Edge Zero-Trust Blockchain Solution for Protecting Electronic Health Records

The effective management of electronic health records (EHRs) is vital in healthcare. However, traditional systems often need help handling data inconsistently, providing limited access, and coordinating poorly across facilities. This study aims to tackle these issues using blockchain technology to improve EHR systems' data security, privacy, and interoperability. By thoroughly analyzing blockchain's applications in healthcare, we propose an innovative solution that leverages blockchain's decentralized and immutable nature, combined with advanced encryption techniques such as the Advanced Encryption Standard and Zero Knowledge Proof Protocol, to fortify EHR systems. Our research demonstrates that blockchain can effectively overcome significant EHR challenges, including fragmented data and interoperability problems, by facilitating secure and transparent data exchange, leading to enhanced coordination, care quality, and cost-efficiency across healthcare facilities. This study offers practical guidelines for implementing blockchain technology in healthcare, emphasizing a balanced approach to interoperability, privacy, and security. It represents a significant advancement over traditional EHR systems, boosting security and affording patients greater control over their health records. Doi: 10.28991/HIJ-2023-04-03-012 Full Text: PD

Analysis of stakeholder perceptions and practices related to climate change adaptation in Burkina Faso

Burkina Faso, like other Sahelian countries, has experienced a profound change in its climatic regime, with the new context characterised by high rainfall variability with an overall downward trend and a shortening of the seasons. The future rainfall pattern anticipates a decrease in the frequency of low rainfall (0.1 to 5 mm per day), a lengthening of the average duration of dry sequences, and an early end and late start of rainy seasons. The objective of this study was to perform an in-depth analysis of stakeholder perceptions about agricultural water (AgWater) resources sustainability, practices in the context of climate variability and change in Burkina Faso. Interviews were held with institutional actors involved in water resources decision making and initiatives (Government, Research, Non-Governmental Organisations) in the country. In addition, based on four main criteria (climate condition, type of farm and crop, type of AgWater sources, reliability of AgWater), three agricultural sites were investigated using household surveys. The results showed that organisations and farmers in Burkina Faso were aware of climate impacts and had initiated and implemented for many years, diverse options and water control mechanisms for AgWater adaptation. However, there were still gaps in strategies for adapting the water sector to climate threats. Institutional bodies had not got yet attained capacity to sustainably anticipate the effects of climate change on AgWater. There was a lack of mainstreaming hydroclimate services at farm levels, especially for the dry season crops; lack of on-farm flood control mechanisms, absence of a clear gender approach and no standardised monitoring system, Farmers also lacked anticipatory resilience strategies, particularly those who used water sources that were considered as \u201creliable\u201d then. In general, most of the climate adaptation initiatives implemented lacked synergies, sustainability, and were uncertain about sound water resource management such as moving towards \u201cno regret\u201d and \u201cwin-win\u201d options.Le Burkina Faso, \ue0 l\u2019instar des pays du Sahel, a connu un changement consid\ue9rable de son r\ue9gime climatique. Le nouveau contexte climatique est caract\ue9ris\ue9 par une forte variabilit\ue9 et une baisse de la fr\ue9quence des pr\ue9cipitations (0,1 \ue0 5 mm par jour), un allongement de la dur\ue9e moyenne des s\ue9quences s\ue8ches, une fin pr\ue9coce et un d\ue9but tardif des saisons des pluies. L\u2019objectif de cette \ue9tude \ue9tait donc d\u2019effectuer une analyse approfondie des perceptions et pratiques des acteurs au regard de la s\ue9curit\ue9 en eau agricole dans un contexte de changement climatique au Burkina Faso. Des entretiens semi-structur\ue9s ont \ue9t\ue9 conduits avec les acteurs institutionnels impliqu\ue9s dans la gestion de l\u2019eau agricole (d\ue9cideurs, chercheurs, praticiens). Aussi, sur la base de quatre crit\ue8res principaux (conditions climatiques, type d\u2019exploitation et de cultures, type de sources d\u2019eau agricole, fiabilit\ue9 de la source d\u2019eau), trois sites agricoles ont \ue9t\ue9 s\ue9lectionn\ue9s et des enqu\ueates conduites aupr\ue8s des agriculteurs. Les r\ue9sultats ont montr\ue9 que l\u2019ensemble des acteurs institutionnels ou usagers exp\ue9rimentent les effets du climat sur l\u2019eau agricole. En outre, de nombreuses initiatives et m\ue9canismes, qui contribuent \ue0 l\u2019adaptation de cette ressource, ont \ue9t\ue9 mis en \u153uvre depuis de nombreuses ann\ue9es. Toutefois, il existe encore de nombreuses lacunes dans les strat\ue9gies pour une adaptation durable de l\u2019eau agricole aux menaces climatiques. Les acteurs institutionnels n\u2019ont pas encore la capacit\ue9 d\u2019anticiper efficacement les effets des changements climatiques. Il n\u2019existe pas encore de services hydroclimatiques au niveau des exploitations agricoles, notamment pour les cultures de saison s\ue8che ; de m\ueame que l\u2019absence de m\ue9canismes de maitrise des inondations sur ces exploitations agricoles, la promotion d\u2019une approche genre sp\ue9cifique et le manque d\u2019un syst\ue8me standard de suivi de la r\ue9silience. Les agriculteurs manquent de strat\ue9gies anticipatives d\u2019adaptation, en particulier autour des sources d\u2019eau consid\ue9r\ue9es comme \u201cfiables\u201d. En g\ue9n\ue9ral, la plupart des initiatives actuelles d\u2019adaptation au climat manquent de synergies, et la prise en compte de l\u2019incertitude climatique comme l\u2019orientation vers les \u201c options sans \u201cregret\u201d ou \u201cgagnant-gagnant\u201d

Possible futures for groundwater in Burkina Faso under a changing climate

This narrative describes three possible future scenarios for water resources in Burkina Faso and the human and socio-economic impacts that might be experienced by people living in rural areas. The narratives aim to stimulate discussion towards realistic policy responses and the decision support tools needed to assist future planning needs. It is important to recognise that the scenarios do not represent every possible outcome projected by hydroclimate models, and resulting impacts will be contextualised by local circumstances. See here for information about BRAVE (www.walker.ac.uk) and the UPGro programme: upgro.org/consortium/brave2/

Research priorities for global food security under extreme events

International audienc

Protein-enerji malnütrisyonu tanısı olan olgularda ailelerin özellikleri ve eğitimin etkisinin incelenmesi

Bu tezin, veri tabanı üzerinden yayınlanma izni bulunmamaktadır. Yayınlanma izni olmayan tezlerin basılı kopyalarına Üniversite kütüphaneniz aracılığıyla (TÜBESS üzerinden) erişebilirsiniz.The high frequency of malnutrition in the first child, can be explained by the insufficient experience of mothers at the beginning. Most of the children in the study were exposed to frequent infections. Many of them were breastfed after birth, but very few of them were given breastmilk for 4 to 6 months. Supplements were added to the diet between 4 and 6 months being usually very insufficient and primarily rice flour followed by yoghurt and fruit juices in second and third rows. Among the children between 6 and 36 months of age, 39.33 % were never given vegetable soup, 54.64 % had never eaten eggs and 53.33 % had never tasted meat. While children with mild malnutrition displayed 80 % recovery in follow - ups, 53.33 % of those with moderate malnutrition and 40 % of those with severe malnutrition had caught up with the higher percentiles. For the prevention of malnutrition we advise that a planned and sufficient education on nutrition should be given in hospitals, schools and health centers, this should be consolidated by house visits and people should be informed on the subject by media. 93The high frequency of malnutrition in the first child, can be explained by the insufficient experience of mothers at the beginning. Most of the children in the study were exposed to frequent infections. Many of them were breastfed after birth, but very few of them were given breastmilk for 4 to 6 months. Supplements were added to the diet between 4 and 6 months being usually very insufficient and primarily rice flour followed by yoghurt and fruit juices in second and third rows. Among the children between 6 and 36 months of age, 39.33 % were never given vegetable soup, 54.64 % had never eaten eggs and 53.33 % had never tasted meat. While children with mild malnutrition displayed 80 % recovery in follow - ups, 53.33 % of those with moderate malnutrition and 40 % of those with severe malnutrition had caught up with the higher percentiles. For the prevention of malnutrition we advise that a planned and sufficient education on nutrition should be given in hospitals, schools and health centers, this should be consolidated by house visits and people should be informed on the subject by media. 93ÖZET Bu çalışma protein - enerji malnütrisyonu tanısı olan olgularda ailelerin özellikleri ve eğitimin etkisini incelemek amacıyla planlanmıştır. Araştırma İzmir Behçet Uz Çocuk Hastanesinde 0 - 3 yaş grubu malnütrisyonlu çocuğu olan 150 anne ile yüzyüze görüşmeyle anket formu doldurularak yapılmıştır. Ailelere daha sonra çocuk beslenmesi konusunda eğitim verildi. Beslenme eğitimi verildikten 1 - 1.5 ay sonra 40 olgunun, kilolarında araş olup olmadığını değerlendirmek için kontrol edildi. Elde edilen verilerin yüzdelik dağılımları tablolanmış ve malnütrisyona etkili olabileceği düşünülen faktörler ki-kare önemlilik testi, beslenme eğitimi ile malnütrisyonun iyileşmesi arasındaki ilişkiyi saptamak için sign testi ile analiz edilmiştir. Değerlendirme sonucunda annelerin eğitim düzeylerinin çok düşük olduğu ve yaş bakımından çok genç oldukları saptanmıştır. Ailelerin çoğunda ekonomik durumu iyi olmadığı ve olumsuz çevre koşullarında yaşadıktan görülmüştür. Ailelerin çoğunun kalabalık aile oldukları saptanmıştır. Ailelerin çoğunun daha önceki çocuğunun da hastanede yatmış olduğu görülmüştür. 90Araştırma kapsamına alınan çocukların daha çok ailenin ilk çocuğu olduğu saptanmıştır, tik çocukta malnütrisyon görülme sıklığının yüksek olması, annelerin başlangıçta deneyimsiz oldukları ile açıklanabillir. Araştırma kapsamına alman çocukların çoğu doğumdan sonra anne sütü aldıkları fakat çok az bir oranının 4 - 6 ay süreyle anne sütü aldığı görülmüştür. Araştırma kapsamına alınan çocukların çoğunda 4-6 ayda ek gıdaya başlanmış. Fakat ek gıdaların çok yetersiz olduğu, birinci sırada pirinç unu, 2. ve 3. sırada meyve suyu olduğu bulunmuştur. 6 - 36 ay arasında olan çocukların % 39.33' ünün hiç sebze çorbası almadığı, % 54.64' ünün hiç yumurta almadığı ve % 53.33' ünün hiç et almadığı saptanmıştır. Hafif malnütrisyonlu çocuklar kontrolde % 80 iyileşme gösterirken, orta malnütrisyonlu olanlar % 53.33' ünün ve ağır malnütrisyonlu olanların % 40' inin bir üst persentile ulaşmış oldukları görülmüştür. Malnütrisyondan korunmak için planlı ve yeterli bir şekilde beslenme eğitimi vermek, bu eğitimlerin ev ziyaretleri ile pekiştirilmesi, bu konuda kitle iletişim araçlarının da faaliyete geçerek, halkı aydınlatmaları önerilmiştir. 9

Using a New Approach to Design Innovative Tools for Monitoring and Evaluating Water Policy of Burkina Faso in Response to Climate Risks

Climate change impacts on water resources have jeopardized human security in the Sahel countries for many decades, especially in achieving food security. Many strategies and policies have been made to address such impacts. However, there are still difficulties to measure progress and the effectiveness of these policies and strategies with regard to climate risks. The lack of practical and consensual monitoring tool is one of the factors that can explain gaps in policies and initiatives to overcome these impacts. To move towards filling this gap, using ClimProspect model and a participatory approach, and based on in-depth vulnerability analysis, this paper makes available some innovative integrated and coherent resilience indicators and a new index for Burkina Faso’s water resources. Taking into account both climate and disaster risks, the indicators and index developed are related to warning, responses, recovery and long term resilience. The indicators-based index applied to three sites shows that agriculture water is less resilient to a changing climate with a score varying from 22.66% to 24%. These tools can help in formulating, implementation and reviewing water policy to secure water resources under the stress of climate change. The approach and findings bring together, on one hand, social and ecological resilience to climate risks, and sciences and policy on the other