Anti oxidant Property of Plumbagin on Fibrosarcoma Induced Rats

Enhanced generation of reactive oxygen/ nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) and the ensuing phenomenon in the form of oxidative stress have been implicated in the etiology of cancer. Anti oxidants due to their ability to neutralize the toxic free radicals or damage induced by them have potential applications in the prevention and/or therapy of human ailments. Plumbagin, a napthaquinone derivative from Plumbago zeylanica and has been claimed to possess antitumor effect. Elevated levels of lipid peroxides and decreased activities of antioxidant enzymes such as catalase, superoxide dismutase and Glutathione peroxidase were assayed in plasma, liver and kidney of fibrosarcoma induced rats, and the levels significantly reverted back to normal, after treatment with plumbagin. These observations clearly suggested the antitumor potency of plumbagin in experimentally induced fibrosarcoma in rats

Italian consensus statement (2020) on return to play after lower limb muscle injury in football (soccer)

Return to play (RTP) decisions in football are currently based on expert opinion. No consensus guideline has been published to demonstrate an evidence-based decision-making process in football (soccer). Our aim was to provide a framework for evidence-based decision-making in RTP following lower limb muscle injuries sustained in football. A 1-day consensus meeting was held in Milan, on 31 August 2018, involving 66 national and international experts from various academic backgrounds. A narrative review of the current evidence for RTP decision-making in football was provided to delegates. Assembled experts came to a consensus on the best practice for managing RTP following lower limb muscle injuries via the Delphi process. Consensus was reached on (1) the definitions of return to training' and return to play' in football. We agreed on return to training' and RTP in football, the appropriate use of clinical and imaging assessments, and laboratory and field tests for return to training following lower limb muscle injury, and identified objective criteria for RTP based on global positioning system technology. Level of evidence IV, grade of recommendation D

Disseminating technology in global surgery.

BACKGROUND:Effective dissemination of technology in global surgery is vital to realize universal health coverage by 2030. Challenges include a lack of human resource, infrastructure and finance. Understanding these challenges, and exploring opportunities and solutions to overcome them, are essential to improve global surgical care. METHODS:This review focuses on technologies and medical devices aimed at improving surgical care and training in low- and middle-income countries. The key considerations in the development of new technologies are described, along with strategies for evaluation and wider dissemination. Notable examples of where the dissemination of a new surgical technology has achieved impact are included. RESULTS:Employing the principles of frugal and responsible innovation, and aligning evaluation and development to high scientific standards help overcome some of the challenges in disseminating technology in global surgery. Exemplars of effective dissemination include low-cost laparoscopes, gasless laparoscopic techniques and innovative training programmes for laparoscopic surgery; low-cost and versatile external fixation devices for fractures; the LifeBox pulse oximeter project; and the use of immersive technologies in simulation, training and surgical care delivery. CONCLUSION:Core strategies to facilitate technology dissemination in global surgery include leveraging international funding, interdisciplinary collaboration involving all key stakeholders, and frugal scientific design, development and evaluation

langewitz

SUMMARY. Aims -To assess the quality of communication generally two procedures are used: one defines categories of utterances and counts their frequency, the other uses global observer ratings. We investigated whether a sequence analysis of utterances yields results which more precisely reflect the process of a conversation. Methods -We re-examined data from a randomised controlled intervention study in which residents' interviews with simulated patients were analysed with the Maastricht History and Advice Checklist (MAAS-R) and the Roter Interaction Analysis System (RIAS). Using the U-file of the RIAS we studied the effect of different types of physician questions (open, closed questions, facilitators, other physician actions) on the length of uninterrupted patients' speech and content of utterances. We investigated also whether reciprocity indices improve after a communication skills training, and whether they correlate with global scores form MAAS-R. Results -Patients respond to a closed question with a mean of 1.78 (± 1.49) utterances as compared to 2.75 (± 2.72) utterances after an open question. The likelihood of a concern was more than 10fold higher after an open question compared to closed questions. Reciprocal sequences make up less than 2 percent of the conversation, Still, they correlate with global items form MAAS-R. The 'empathy index' improves after the training. Declararation of Interest: preparation of the manuscript was supported by a grant from OncoSuisse