Generating a Lighting System by Using Pico Hydro System

The main aim of this research is to design and develop LED based lighting system by using Pico hydro power. The proposed system is to use renewable energy to generate power in remote areas. The system is designed in a small scale which capable of lighting up a LED and sustain power when turbine stop to rotate. Reaction turbine is selected to be the suitable model for this Pico Hydro System (PHS). The performance of the system is tested by changing the materials for the blades and determines the suitable number of blades for the system to perform at maximum efficiency. Additional features, such as displaying generated voltage and flow rate has been implemented. It is observed that, the system could generate maximum voltage of 5.46V at the head height of 65 cm with flow rate of 5.51 L/Min. A total of 4.62 watt of net electrical power generated from this PHS, the value is obtained by using theoretical calculation. Finally, the system proves to be efficient in terms of generated voltage and cost, as compared to the journals which is reviewed in the literature. The scale of the design has to be remodified to be implemented in river areas.

A cross sectional study on body image dissatisfaction and factors influencing it among college girls in an urban area of Coimbatore

Adolescence is a period of pubertal and psychological changes, and during this period, adolescents become conscious of their body and appearance. In today’s society, adolescent girls are extremely conscious of perceptions of a perfect body. With the growing sense of ideal body image during adolescence, they try to lose or gain body weight to attain that perfect body. Also, the concept of body image perception is still being considered as a very ‘western concept’ in our society. Due to increased globalization and consequent westernization of Indian societies, it becomes imperative to study body shape concerns and eating attitudes in our population. Hence, this research will try to understand these unexplored areas, where there is paucity of body image related studies. This study establishes the fact that body image perceptions and dissatisfaction is no longer a western concept and affects our adolescent girls to a great extent. Hence, effective interventions have to be planned, where these interventions will help our adolescent population to gain proper knowledge on body image dissatisfaction and its impact on their health. This knowledge in turn will protect our young generation from pressures of negative body image & weight control practices, and also, will help them maintain a healthy body weight

Saponins and leucoanthocyanins in Cassia L

The distribution of saponins and leucoanthocyanins in 21 species of Cassia and its systematic significance were studied. Quant. and qual. interpopulation variation occurred in saponins. Leucoanthocyanins were absent from herbaceous and semiwoody species of Cassia; they were also absent from yellow-​flowered species. The occurrence of saponins and leucoanthocyanins in Cassia was not correlated

The hidden burden of influenza: A review of the extra-pulmonary complications of influenza infection

Severe influenza infection represents a leading cause of global morbidity and mortality. Although influenza is primarily considered a viral infection that results in pathology limited to the respiratory system, clinical reports suggest that influenza infection is frequently associated with a number of clinical syndromes that involve organ systems outside the respiratory tract. A comprehensive MEDLINE literature review of articles pertaining to extra-pulmonary complications of influenza infection, using organ-specific search terms, yielded 218 articles including case reports, epidemiologic investigations, and autopsy studies that were reviewed to determine the clinical involvement of other organs. The most frequently described clinical entities were viral myocarditis and viral encephalitis. Recognition of these extra-pulmonary complications is critical to determining the true burden of influenza infection and initiating organ-specific supportive care

Isolasi Senyawa Fenolat dari Fraksi Etil Asetat Kulit Batang Tumbuhan Gandaria

Telah dilakukan isolasi senyawa fenolat dari fraksi etil asetat kulit batang tumbuhan Gandaria (Bouea macrophylla Griff). Ekstraksi dilakukan dengan metode maserasi dan pemisahan senyawa hasil isolasi dilakukan dengan teknik kromatografi. Hasil isolasi berupa kristal berwarna putih dengan titik leleh 185-187_C. Spektrum UV dalam pelarut etil asetat menunjukkan serapan maksimum pada 289 nm, mengindikasikan adanya ikatan rangkap terkonjugasi yang lazimnya merupakan cincin aromatis. Analisa spektrum IR menunjukkan adanya gugus −OH, C−H alifatik, C=O, C=C, C−H, C−O, C=C−H. Berdasarkan data-data spektrum UV, IR, serta berdasarkan uji fitokimia diduga senyawa hasil isolasi ini merupakan senyawa golongan fenolat yang tersubtitusi gugus alifatik dan gugus karbonil

A Protocol for the Administration of Real-Time fMRI Neurofeedback Training

Neurologic disorders are characterized by abnormal cellular-, molecular-, and circuit-level functions in the brain. New methods to induce and control neuroplastic processes and correct abnormal function, or even shift functions from damaged tissue to physiologically healthy brain regions, hold the potential to dramatically improve overall health. Of the current neuroplastic interventions in development, neurofeedback training (NFT) from functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) has the advantages of being completely non-invasive, non-pharmacologic, and spatially localized to target brain regions, as well as having no known side effects. Furthermore, NFT techniques, initially developed using fMRI, can often be translated to exercises that can be performed outside of the scanner without the aid of medical professionals or sophisticated medical equipment. In fMRI NFT, the fMRI signal is measured from specific regions of the brain, processed, and presented to the participant in real-time. Through training, self-directed mental processing techniques, that regulate this signal and its underlying neurophysiologic correlates, are developed. FMRI NFT has been used to train volitional control over a wide range of brain regions with implications for several different cognitive, behavioral, and motor systems. Additionally, fMRI NFT has shown promise in a broad range of applications such as the treatment of neurologic disorders and the augmentation of baseline human performance. In this article, we present an fMRI NFT protocol developed at our institution for modulation of both healthy and abnormal brain function, as well as examples of using the method to target both cognitive and auditory regions of the brain

Dynamic HUB Selection Process in Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN)

Wireless body area network (WBAN), a part of WSN, plays a pivotal role in the remote health monitoring system, these days. Wireless sensor nodes placed in, on, or around the human body are used to create WBAN. This WBAN is mainly used for collecting physiological and vital signals from humans in real-time using sensor nodes. It consists of different sensor nodes and hub, which collects the data from sensor nodes and send them to the gateway. High data rates at HUB cause the damage of an organ receiving high temperature in tissue by electromagnetic signals for a long period. In this chapter, by considering parameters such as the specific absorption rate, Battery Level, Priority of sensor nodes, and signal to noise interference (SINR) a HUB is selected dynamically, which shares the work of the HUB among different sensor nodes. So that workload on HUB decreases and shares its work accordingly to other sensor nodes concerning the data collected through the software LabVIEW. This chapter also illustrates the network (testbed) created using sensors for practically making the change in HUB by using the microcontroller, power, LM 35, BP sensor, Heartrate sensors arranged in a network through Arduino programming. In both these cases, the negative effect of electro-magnetic signals in WBAN, and the tissue damage in humans reduce for remote-health monitoring while increasing the network lifetime

Self-directed down-regulation of auditory cortex activity mediated by real-time fMRI neurofeedback augments attentional processes, resting cerebral perfusion, and auditory activation

In this work, we investigated the use of real-time functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) with neurofeedback training (NFT) to teach volitional down-regulation of the auditory cortex (AC) using directed attention strategies as there is a growing interest in the application of fMRI-NFT to treat neurologic disorders. Healthy participants were separated into two groups: the experimental group received real feedback regarding activity in the AC; the control group was supplied sham feedback yoked from a random participant in the experimental group and matched for fMRI-NFT experience. Each participant underwent five fMRI-NFT sessions. Each session contained 2 neurofeedback runs where participants completed alternating blocks of “rest” and “lower” conditions while viewing a continuously-updated bar representing AC activation and listening to continuous noise. Average AC deactivation was extracted from each closed-loop neuromodulation run and used to quantify the control over AC (AC control), which was found to significantly increase across training in the experimental group. Additionally, behavioral testing was completed outside of the MRI on sessions 1 and 5 consisting of a subjective questionnaire to assess attentional control and two quantitative tests of attention. No significant changes in behavior were observed; however, there was a significant correlation between changes in AC control and attentional control. Also, in a neural assessment before and after fMRI-NFT, AC activity in response to continuous noise stimulation was found to significantly decrease across training while changes in AC resting perfusion were found to be significantly greater in the experimental group. These results may be useful in formulating effective therapies outside of the MRI, specifically for chronic tinnitus which is often characterized by hyperactivity of the primary auditory cortex and altered attentional processes. Furthermore, the modulation of attention may be useful in developing therapies for other disorders such as chronic pain

Burden of respiratory viral infection in persons with human immunodeficiency virus

This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of respiratory viral infections (RVI) in persons living with HIV (PLH) admitted with a respiratory complaint using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and primer-independent next-generation sequencing (NGS). Of 82 subjects, respiratory viruses were the most common pathogen identified in 27 (33%), followed by fungus and bacteria in 8 (10%) and 4 (5%) subjects, respectively. Among subjects with RVI, 11 (41%) required ICU admission and 16 (59%) required mechanical ventilation. The proportion of respiratory viruses identified, and the associated complicated hospital course highlights the significant role that RVIs play in the lung health of PLH