The influence of auditory feedback on speed choice, violations and comfort in a driving simulation game

Two experiments are reported which explore the relationships between auditory feedback (engine noise), speed choice, driving violations and driver comfort. Participants played a driving simulation game with different levels of auditory feedback in the form of engine noise. In Experiment 1, a between-subjects design revealed that no noise and low levels of engine noise (65 dB(A)) resulted in participants driving at faster speeds than in the medium (75 dB(A)) and high (85 dB(A)) levels of engine noise conditions. The low noise feedback conditions were also associated with decreases in driver comfort. Experiment 2 also demonstrated that low levels of engine noise feedback (no feedback and 70 dB(A)) were associated with increases in driving speed, and driving violations relative to higher levels of feedback (75 dB(A) and 80 dB(A)). Implications exist for current car manufacturing trends which emphasise a growing increase in noise insulation for the driver. © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

A Normative Study of the AAHPER Youth Fitness Test for Girls in Grades 7-10 in the State of South Dakota

The purpose of this study was to establish norms for the AAHPER Youth Fitness Test for South Dakota girls in grades seven through ten and to compare their scores with those of national girls. One school was selected to represent each region or section of the South Dakota High School Activities\u27 Association. The number selected from each school was in proportion to the school\u27s enrollment. The AAHPER Youth Fitness Test was administered to one thousand South Dakota girls in grades seven through ten. Norms were established by computing every fifth percentile. The scores of South Dakota girls were compared with the scores of national girls, using age only. The medians of South .Dakota girls were then compared to the medians of the national girls on each test item. It was found that the medians for South Dakota girls were higher than the medians for national girls on all items except for the flexed arm hang. The scores of South Dakota girls tended to show improvement as age increased whereas the scores for national girls tended to level off or drop

Pseudospectra of the heat operator Pencil

This article undertakes an analysis of the one-dimensional heat equation, wherein the Dirichlet condition is applied at the left end and Neumann condition at the right end. The heat equation is restructured as a non-self-adjoint $2\times 2$ unbounded block operator matrix pencil. The spectral, pseudospectral, and $(n,\epsilon)$-pseudospectral enclosures of the $2\times 2$ unbounded block operator matrix pencil are explored to scrutinize the heat operator pencil. The plots of the discretized equation are depicted to illustrate the observations

A new species of Calandrinia (Montiaceae) from rocky pavements in eastern New South Wales and south-eastern Queensland

Calandrinia petrophila J.G.West & Albr. sp. nov. is described and illustrated, with notes on distribution, habitat, conservation status and features distinguishing it from similar species of Calandrinia

Survey Methodology for the Preservation of Historic Burial Grounds and Cemeteries

An integrated program of digital surveying and mapping can provide a powerful database for the analysis, conservation, and management of historic burial grounds and cemeteries

Leading the evaluation of institutional online learning environments for quality enhancement in times of change

This paper reports on findings from a nationally funded project which aims to design and implement a quality management framework for online learning environments (OLEs). Evaluation is a key component of any quality management system and it is this aspect of the framework that is the focus of this paper. In developing the framework initial focus groups were conducted at the five participating institutions. These revealed that, although regarded as important, there did not appear to be a shared understanding of the nature and purpose of evaluation. A second series of focus groups revealed there were multiple perspectives arising from those with a vested interest in online learning. These perspectives will be outlined. Overall, how evaluation was undertaken was highly variable within and across the five institutions reflecting where they were at in relation to the development of their OLE

A Literature Review on Remedial Reading Teachers: The Gaps in the Philippine Context

Remedial reading teachers are forerunners in elevating the reading achievement of students in schools. In the Philippines, there has been a continual enrichment of the reading skills of struggling readers through the initiatives of remedial reading teachers. However, the country does not have clear policies on the identities, roles, challenges, and needs of such teachers. This paper presents a review of the literature on remedial reading teachers. The results revealed that remedial reading teachers performed various roles in schools and that the cultivation of the roles and duties of remedial reading teachers rely so much on different factors, some of which are knowledge and the skills that they have, philosophical views in education and the whole school community, the rapport that remedial reading teachers have with their colleagues, the support of the administrators to their personal and career developments, and provisions of the local government. It was also evident in the review that literature and studies are scarce regarding remedial reading teachers in the Philippines, thus, suggesting to explore on the what's and the how's of remedial reading teachers in a hope of creating clear policies that will strengthen their identities and support their professional developments

An audit of antenatal education facilitated by physiotherapists in Western Australian public hospitals

This paper reports on the delivery of antenatal education by physiotherapists in Western Australia in 2012, including the location of antenatal education providers, number of mothers attending, qualifications of physiotherapists involved, allocation of physiotherapy hours, the content of the education, and strategies used to enhance learning in the classes. A survey was emailed to the physiotherapists in 31 hospitals with maternity services that were funded by the Department of Health Western Australia. Antenatal education facilitated by a physiotherapist was provided at 25/30 (83.3%) hospitals. Four physiotherapists had postgraduate women’s health qualifications and all the antenatal education classes provided information about pelvic floor muscle exercises. There was a wide variation in pelvic floor muscle exercise prescription. Fewer than 50% of first-time mothers who give birth in the public sector have attended physiotherapy facilitated antenatal education classes