348 research outputs found

    Nuevos registros de monogeneos (Platyhelminthes: Monogenea) infectando algunos peces marinos del litoral peruano

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    A parasitological survey searching monogeneans infesting marine fish was carried out during June 2018 and January 2020 from the coastal zone of Puerto Pizarro, Tumbes (northern Peru) and from the coastal zone of Chorrillos, Lima (central Peru). The gills, skin, nasal cavities, or branchial gill-cover of seven species were sampled. Ten monogenean species assigned to six families and nine genera were identified. The monogeneans Callorhynchocotyle callorhynchi (Manter, 1955); Capsala biparasiticum (Goto, 1894) Price, 1938; Euryhaliotrema sagmatum Kritsky & Boeger, 2002; Listrocephalos kearni Bullard, Payne &Braswell, 2004; Magniexcipula lamothei Bravo-Hollis, 1981; Nasicola klawei (Stunkard, 1962) Yamaguti, 1968; and Pseudorhabdosynochus anulus Violante-Gonzalez & Rojas-Herrera, 2011 are registered for the first time in Peru. While Capsala gregalis (Wagner & Carter, 1967) Chisholm & Whittington, 2007; Heterocotyle margaritae Chero, Cruces, Sáez, Santos & Luque, 2020; and Monocotyle luquei Chero, Cruces, Iannacone, Sanchez, Minaya, Sáez & Alvariño, 2016 have been previously registered in Peruvian waters, however, the region of Tumbes (northern Peru) represent a new locality record for these species.Durante junio de 2018 y enero de 2020 se realizó un levamiento parasitológico para buscar monogeneos que infectan peces marinos en la zona costera de Puerto Pizarro, departamento de Tumbes (norte de Perú) y en la zona costera de Chorrillos, departamento de Lima (centro de Perú). Se analizaron las branquias, la piel, las cavidades nasales o el opérculo de siete especies. Se identificaron diez especies de monogeneos, asignadas a seis familias y nueve géneros. Los monogeneos Callorhynchocotyle callorhynchi (Manter, 1955); Capsala biparasitica (Goto, 1894) Price, 1938; Euryhaliotrema sagmatum Kritsky y Boeger, 2002; Listrocephalos kearni Bullard, Payne y Braswell, 2004; Magniexcipula lamothei Bravo-Hollis, 1981; Nasicola klawei (Stunkard, 1962) Yamaguti, 1968; y Pseudorhabdosynochus anulus Violante-Gonzalez & Rojas-Herrera, 2011 son registrados por primera vez en Perú. Mientras que, Capsala gregalis (Wagner y Carter, 1967) Chisholm y Whittington, 2007; Heterocotyle margaritae Chero, Cruces, Sáez, Santos & Luque, 2020; y Monocotyle luquei Chero, Cruces, Iannacone, Sanchez, Minaya, Sáez & Alvariño, 2016 han sido previamente registrados en aguas peruanas, sin embargo, la región de Tumbes (norte de Perú) representa un nuevo registro de localidad para estas especies

    Observing superluminous supernovae and long gamma ray bursts as potential birthplaces of repeating fast radio bursts

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    Superluminous supernovae (SLSNe) and long gamma ray bursts (LGRBs) have been proposed as progenitors of repeating Fast Radio Bursts (FRBs). In this scenario, bursts originate from the interaction between a young magnetar and its surrounding supernova remnant (SNR). Such a model could explain the repeating, apparently non-Poissonian nature of FRB121102, which appears to display quiescent and active phases. This bursting behaviour is better explained with a Weibull distribution, which includes parametrisation for clustering. We observed 10 SLSNe/LGRBs for 63 hours, looking for repeating FRBs with the Effelsberg-100 m radio telescope, but have not detected any bursts. We scale the burst rate of FRB121102 to an FRB121102-like source inhabiting each of our observed targets, and compare this rate to our upper burst rate limit on a source by source basis. By adopting a fiducial beaming fraction of 0.6, we obtain 99.99\% and 83.4\% probabilities that at least one, and at least half of our observed sources are beamed towards us respectively. One of our SLSN targets, PTF10hgi, is coincident with a persistent radio source, making it a possible analogue to FRB121102. We performed further observations on this source using the Effelsberg-100~m and Parkes-64~m radio telescopes. Assuming that PTF10hgi contains an FRB121102-like source, the probabilities of not detecting any bursts from a Weibull distribution during our observations are 14\% and 16\% for Effelsberg and Parkes respectively. We conclude by showing that a survey of many short observations increases burst detection probability for a source with Weibull distributed bursting activity.Comment: 11 pages, 5 figure

    Applications of Direct Injection Soft Chemical Ionisation-Mass Spectrometry for the Detection of Pre-blast Smokeless Powder Organic Additives

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    Analysis of smokeless powders is of interest from forensics and security perspectives. This article reports the detection of smokeless powder organic additives (in their pre-detonation condition), namely the stabiliser diphenylamine and its derivatives 2-nitrodiphenylamine and 4-nitrodiphenylamine, and the additives (used both as stabilisers and plasticisers) methyl centralite and ethyl centralite, by means of swab sampling followed by thermal desorption and direct injection soft chemical ionisation-mass spectrometry. Investigations on the product ions resulting from the reactions of the reagent ions H3O+ and O2+ with additives as a function of reduced electric field are reported. The method was comprehensively evaluated in terms of linearity, sensitivity and precision. For H3O+, the limits of detection (LoD) are in the range of 41-88 pg of additive, for which the accuracy varied between 1.5 and 3.2%, precision varied between 3.7 and 7.3% and linearity showed R20.9991. For O2+, LoD are in the range of 72 to 1.4 ng, with an accuracy of between 2.8 and 4.9% and a precision between 4.5 and 8.6% and R20.9914. The validated methodology was applied to the analysis of commercial pre-blast gun powders from different manufacturers.(VLID)4826148Accepted versio

    Physiological and pathophysiological homeostasis of astroglial channel proteins by Nedd4-2

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    Nedd4-2 is an E3 ubiquitin ligase, missense mutation of which is related to familial epilepsy, indicating its critical role in regulating neuronal network activity. However, Nedd4-2 substrates involved in neuronal network function have yet to be identified. Using mouse lines lacking Nedd4-1 and Nedd4-2, we identified astrocytic channel proteins inwardly rectifying K+ channel 4.1 (Kir4.1) and Connexin43 as Nedd4-2 substrates. We found that the expression of Kir4.1 and Connexin43 is increased upon conditional deletion of Nedd4-2 in astrocytes, leading to an elevation of astrocytic membrane ion permeability and gap junction activity, with a consequent reduction of γ-oscillatory neuronal network activity. Interestingly, our biochemical data demonstrate that missense mutations found in familial epileptic patients produce gain-of-function of Nedd4-2 gene product. Our data reveal a process of coordinated astrocytic ion channel proteostasis that controls astrocyte function and astrocyte-dependent neuronal network activity, and elucidate a potential mechanism by which aberrant Nedd4-2 function leads to epilepsy

    Understanding clinical and biological heterogeneity to advance precision medicine in paediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome

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    Paediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome (PARDS) is a heterogeneous clinical syndrome that is associated with high rates of mortality and long-term morbidity. Factors that distinguish PARDS from adult acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) include changes in developmental stage and lung maturation with age, precipitating factors, and comorbidities. No specific treatment is available for PARDS and management is largely supportive, but methods to identify patients who would benefit from specific ventilation strategies or ancillary treatments, such as prone positioning, are needed. Understanding of the clinical and biological heterogeneity of PARDS, and of differences in clinical features and clinical course, pathobiology, response to treatment, and outcomes between PARDS and adult ARDS, will be key to the development of novel preventive and therapeutic strategies and a precision medicine approach to care. Studies in which clinical, biomarker, and transcriptomic data, as well as informatics, are used to unpack the biological and phenotypic heterogeneity of PARDS, and implementation of methods to better identify patients with PARDS, including methods to rapidly identify subphenotypes and endotypes at the point of care, will drive progress on the path to precision medicine.</p

    ¿Cómo leemos en la sociedad digital? Lectores, booktubers y prosumidores

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    El panorama de la lectura está cambiando. Y lo hace muy rápidamente. Sin embargo, no nos hallamos ante una especie de “muerte de los libros” —del fin de las maneras transmitidas por la Escuela y la cultura legítima para entender y practicar la lectura. Se trata más bien de un momento híbrido, algo irónico, en el que tales maneras tienden a diversificarse y pluralizarse respecto al canon culto heredado de siglos pasados. Existen muchas formas de leer. Al documentarlas en lo tocante a una variedad de sujetos, contextos y situaciones, la etnografía aspira a reintegrar el rostro singular de sus protagonistas. Booktubers, profesores de bachillerato, internautas, adolescentes, clubes, bibliotecarios, editores, libreras, escritores, activistas de barrio, blogueros, jubilados, recitadoras amateur, amas de casa... Acompañamos mediante talleres, análisis de contenido, entrevistas, trabajo de archivo, vídeo y fotografía las vicisitudes de un don que —lejos de la imagen ensimismada de un lector absorto— suele ser compartido. La lectura no aparece, entonces, como asunto de alguien aislado. Es social, holista, activa, afectiva y corporal; marcada por una relación indisociable con la escritura, la interactividad, la sociabilidad, la imagen, la oralidad, el ritual, la educación sentimental, el espacio cotidiano, la movilidad, la proliferación de dispositivos, la fragmentación de los tiempos y la multiplicación de ocasiones y motivos para leer

    Immune Response to SARS-CoV-2 Third Vaccine in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis Who Had No Seroconversion After Primary 2-Dose Regimen With Inactivated or Vector-Based Vaccines

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    Objective. The aim of this study was to assess the immune response after a third dose of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with undetectable antibody titers after the primary regimen of 2 doses. Methods. Patients with RA with no seroconversion after 2 doses of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine and who received a third dose of either an mRNA or vector-based vaccine were included. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies, neutralizing activity, and T cell responses were assessed after the third dose. Results. A total of 21 nonresponder patients were included. At the time of vaccination, 29% were receiving glucocorticoids and 85% biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (including 6 taking abatacept [ABA] and 4 taking rituximab [RTX]). The majority (95%) received the BNT162b2 vaccine and only one of them received the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine. After the third dose, 91% of the patients presented detectable anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG and 76% showed neutralizing activity. Compared to other treatments, ABA and RTX were associated with the absence of neutralizing activity in 4 out of 5 (80%) patients and lower titers of neutralizing antibodies (median 3, IQR 0-20 vs 8, IQR 4-128; P = 0.20). Specific T cell response was detected in 41% of all patients after the second dose, increasing to 71% after the third dose. The use of ABA was associated with a lower frequency of T cell response (33% vs 87%, P = 0.03). Conclusion. In this RA cohort, 91% of patients who failed to seroconvert after 2 doses of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine presented detectable anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG after a third dose. The use of ABA was associated with a lower frequency of specific T cell response.Fil: Isnardi, Carolina A.. No especifíca;Fil: Cerda, Osvaldo L.. No especifíca;Fil: Landi, Margarita. Austral University Hospital; LiberiaFil: Cruces, Leonel Hernán. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y Sida. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y Sida; ArgentinaFil: Schneeberger, Emilce E.. No especifíca;Fil: Montoro, Claudia Calle. Austral University Hospital; LiberiaFil: Alfaro, María Agustina. No especifíca;Fil: Roldán, Brian M.. No especifíca;Fil: Gómez Vara, Andrea B.. No especifíca;Fil: Giorgis, Pamela. No especifíca;Fil: Ezquer, Roberto Alejandro. No especifíca;Fil: Crespo Rocha, María G. No especifíca;Fil: Reyes Gómez, Camila R.. No especifíca;Fil: de Los Ángeles Correa, Mária. No especifíca;Fil: Rosemffet, Marcos G.. No especifíca;Fil: Abarza, Virginia Carrizo. No especifíca;Fil: Pellet, Santiago Catalan. Austral University Hospital; LiberiaFil: Perandones, Miguel. No especifíca;Fil: Reimundes, Cecilia. Austral University Hospital; LiberiaFil: Longueira, Yesica Soledad. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y Sida. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y Sida; ArgentinaFil: Turk, Gabriela Julia Ana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y Sida. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y Sida; ArgentinaFil: Quiroga, María Florencia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y Sida. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y Sida; ArgentinaFil: Laufer, Natalia Lorna. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y Sida. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y Sida; ArgentinaFil: Quintana, Rosana Maris. No especifíca;Fil: de la Vega, María Celina. No especifíca;Fil: Kreplak, Nicolás. No especifíca;Fil: Pifano, Marina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Maid, Pablo. Austral University Hospital; LiberiaFil: Pons Estel, Guillermo J.. No especifíca;Fil: Citera, Gustavo. No especifíca

    A repeating fast radio burst associated with a persistent radio source

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    The dispersive sweep of fast radio bursts (FRBs) has been used to probe the ionized baryon content of the intergalactic medium1, which is assumed to dominate the total extragalactic dispersion. Although the host-galaxy contributions to the dispersion measure appear to be small for most FRBs2, in at least one case there is evidence for an extreme magneto-ionic local environment3,4 and a compact persistent radio source5. Here we report the detection and localization of the repeating FRB 20190520B, which is co-located with a compact, persistent radio source and associated with a dwarf host galaxy of high specific-star-formation rate at a redshift of 0.241 ± 0.001. The estimated host-galaxy dispersion measure of approximately 903−111+72 parsecs per cubic centimetre, which is nearly an order of magnitude higher than the average of FRB host galaxies2,6, far exceeds the dispersion-measure contribution of the intergalactic medium. Caution is thus warranted in inferring redshifts for FRBs without accurate host-galaxy identifications
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