ICHNOTAXONOMY AND ETHOLOGY OF BORINGS IN SHALLOW-MARINE BENTHIC FORAMINIFERS FROM THE MAASTRICHTIAN AND EOCENEOF NORTHWESTERN AND SOUTHWESTERN TURKEY

Larger benthic foraminiferal tests from the Maastrichtian and Eocene of western Turkey contain a large variety of borings. Two ichnospecies are defined. Maeandropolydora osmaneliensis isp. nov. in tests of Orbitoides is distinguished by a tube, winding sinuously in an irregular manner. This boring was formed by a foraging parasite or scavenger, where the tracemaker specifically exploited certain parts of its substrate. Trypanites helicus isp. nov. in tests of Nummulites is characterized by its tube coiled into a spiral. The boring is interpreted as a dwelling trace. As the boring may be considered to have both idiomorphic and stenomorphic features, it represents an ethological and taxonomic dilemma. To avoid inherent subjectivity within taxonomic classifications, we suggest the exclusion of ethological interpretations from diagnoses. The occurrence of borings may affect the preservational potential of the foraminiferal tests, and thus on the outcome of palaeoenvironmental analyses

A comparative analysis of tourism destination demand in Portugal

Tourism has experienced different levels of development in the different regions of Portugal. To frame this development, in this paper dynamic panel data models were estimated with the objective of explaining the evolution of international overnight stays in each region. Secondary data from 2000 to 2011 was used. The analysis includes the main tourism source markets for Portugal, such as the United Kingdom, Germany, the Netherlands, Ireland, France and Spain. The tourism literature suggests that, among others, the main determinants of tourism demand are income (GDP), household consumption, unemployment rate and the harmonised consumer price index. Per capita income, unemployment rate and final household consumption were identified as the most shared explanatory variables in each tourism region. However, in some regions, the high elasticity with respect to per capita income was confirmed, suggesting that tourism is a luxury good. It is observed that, although significant, the explanatory power of these variables varies according to the origin and the destination region considered. Findings suggest heterogeneous behaviour of the main international tourism demand by region. Furthermore, results also suggest some implications for public and private tourism authorities. Stakeholders can update the analysis, trends and forecasts of international tourism demand, put forward in the National Strategic Plan for Tourism for the period from 2013 to 2015, by taking into account the different macroeconomic variables that help explain international overnight stays in each region of Portugal. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

Prozessoptimierung der Abläufe im Vertriebsinnendienst

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The determinants of long term economic growth in Turkey for the period of 1967-2017: What is the effect of current account deficit, unemployment, inflation, current account balance, public expenditure and export on economic growth?

Great potential for future economic growth is no guarantee of future economic success. The results of the study show that despite previous studies and results, there is a big difference between a country's potential and reality. For most emerging economies, a common factor is that key areas such as the rule of law, governance and economic freedom are struggling with institutional weakness. The following variables were used to determine economic growth in Turkey: Current account deficit, unemployment, inflation, public expenditure, current account deficit and exports. These variables are particularly important for the dynamic current economic change. However, the thesis examines these variables in the long term to determine to what extent these determinants exert a long-term influence on the emerging Turkish market. For this reason, it is important to contribute to the literature by considering the Turkish economy from different perspectives, considering the above-mentioned variables and examining their possible impact on economic growth over the last five decades. The main pursuit of this objective will lead to a deeper understanding of the issue; Which determinants affect the Turkish economic growth rate in the long run? Due to that various methods are applied; Stationarity and stochastic processes testing, autocorrelation methods and random walks, autoregressive methods, integrated processes and test for integration within the Augmented-Dickey-Fully tests and test specifications, theconcept of co-integration according to Engle and Granger and the correct model specifications and consideration of test variables such as Durbin and Watson or Autocorrelation and Partial Autocorrelation. For Turkey public expenditure and export has a significant positive impact on economic growth on the long-run. Also, inflation and current account influence the Turkish economy on a negative way for the long term. The hypothesis that Turkey's current account deficit has a positive impact on economic growthcannot be confirmed. The study shows that the increase in the current account deficit leads to a long-term decline in GDP. For the variable unemployment prerequisite for a long-term connection is not given. Due to that the hypothesis, that unemployment has a negative long-term impact on economic growth in Turkey cannot be confirmed. The data basis of many previous studies is usually not based on a period of fifty years so that the variables current account deficit and unemployment achieve different results than in previous studies. In the short term, a correlation between economic growth can be identified for the current account deficit variable. However, unemployment cannot be measured in the short term in this study, as there are no co-integrating time series variables

Twin and triplet forms of recent benthic foraminifera from the eastern Aegean Sea, Turkish coast

This study reports twin and triplet forms of Recent benthic foraminifera from the eastern Aegean Sea. We discuss new insights into the causes of abnormal morphologies, including possible anthropogenic influences. The twin and triplet forms, their morphologies and environmental characteristics are described with a view to aiding interpretation of the Recent and ancient palaeoenvironmental record