Descripción de las condiciones de seguridad y salud en el trabajo (SST) en los espacios coworking a través de una revisión de la literatura

RESUMEN: Objetivo: Describir las condiciones de seguridad y salud en el trabajo-SST- en los espacios coworking. Metodología: Revisión sistemática de la literatura en 6 bases de datos para el periodo 2015-2020. Los criterios de inclusión fueron el hallazgo de la descripción de los factores de riesgo o la aplicación de la normatividad para SST en los espacios coworking. Resultados: De 13.800 artículos fueron incluidos 27 para la revisión de su texto completo. Se destaca la pertinencia del trabajo en los espacios coworking sobre los factores de riesgo psicosocial, el bienestar de los trabajadores y su productividad laboral(1). La asociación con otros factores de riesgo no se encontró tratada en profundidad. Se encuentra evidencia para admitir la propuesta de diseño de espacios saludables del U.S. Green Building Council (Consejo Mundial de Construcción Ecológica), cuyos criterios de valoración (2) están en concordancia con la normatividad colombiana Resolución 2400 de 2009.(3). Conclusión: El coworking surge como un espacio confortable con soporte de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación -TIC-, donde se puede hacer teletrabajo. La relación de los espacios coworking con la percepción de bienestar y aumento de la productividad de los trabajadores es relevante en la literatura, no tanto la descripción de las condiciones de SST.ABSTRACT: Objective: To describe the occupational safety and health-OSH conditions in coworking through a literature review. Methodology: Systematic review of the literature related to OSH in coworking spaces, in 6 databases for the period 2015-2020. Inclusion criteria were the finding of the description of risk factors or the application of OSH regulations in coworking spaces. Results: Out of 13,800 articles, 27 were included for full-text review. The relevance of work in coworking spaces on psychosocial risk factors, workers' well-being and labor productivity is highlighted(1). The association with other risk factors was not discussed in depth. Evidence is found to support the proposal of the U.S. Green Building Council whose assessment criteria (2) are in accordance with the risk factors defined in the Colombian regulations Resolution 2400 of 2009(3). Conclusion: Coworking arises as a comfortable space supported by information and communication technologies -ICT's- where teleworking can be done; the relationship of coworking spaces with the perception of well-being and increased productivity of workers is relevant in the literature; not so much the description of OSH conditions

Conflictos entre estudiantes en los grupos de trabajo de los programas de gastronomía en la institución universitaria colegio mayor de Antioquia

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La paz en la diversidad: análisis sobre la inclusión a la inversa en contextos educativos

This article demonstrates the importance of building a culture of peace for boys and girls in the fifth grade of the Francisco Luis Hernández Betancur Educational Institution in 2018. For the writing of the theoretical framework, the concept of the culture of peace and some sources of experts on the subject, which define and mention the responsibility of the State and the school, in what corresponds to the moral formation to develop a culture of peace. Likewise, the study follows a qualitative descriptive paradigm and is oriented under the type of ethnographic research. The information-gathering techniques applied to fulfill the proposed objectives are participant observation, semi-structured interviews, and the focus group. From the relevant results, it is highlighted that the units of the analysis themselves conclude that violent actions do not provide a solution to the problems that arise in the educational setting.En el presente artículo se demuestra la importancia de la construcción de cultura de paz, de niños y niñas de quinto de primaria en la Institución Educativa Francisco Luis Hernández Betancur en el año 2018. Para la escritura del marco teórico se tuvo en cuenta el concepto cultura de paz y algunas fuentes de expertos sobre el tema, las cuales definen y mencionan la responsabilidad del Estado y la escuela en lo correspondiente a la formación moral para lograr desarrollar una cultura de paz. Asimismo, el estudio se acoge a un paradigma cualitativo de corte descriptivo y se orienta bajo el tipo de investigación etnográfica. Las técnicas de recolección de información aplicadas para dar cumplimiento a los objetivos propuestos son: la observación participante, entrevistas semiestructuradas y el grupo focal. Entre los resultados relevantes, se destaca que las unidades de análisis mismas concluyen que las acciones violentas no dan solución a los problemas que se presentan en el escenario educativo

A New Perspective on Huntington's Disease: How a Neurological Disorder Influences the Peripheral Tissues

Huntington’s disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative disorder caused by a toxic, aggregationprone expansion of CAG repeats in the HTT gene with an age-dependent progression that leads to behavioral, cognitive and motor symptoms. Principally affecting the frontal cortex and the striatum, mHTT disrupts many cellular functions. In fact, increasing evidence shows that peripheral tissues are affected by neurodegenerative diseases. It establishes an active crosstalk between peripheral tissues and the brain in different neurodegenerative diseases. This review focuses on the current knowledge of peripheral tissue effects in HD animal and cell experimental models and identifies biomarkers and mechanisms involved or affected in the progression of the disease as new therapeutic or early diagnostic options. The particular changes in serum/plasma, blood cells such as lymphocytes, immune blood cells, the pancreas, the heart, the retina, the liver, the kidney and pericytes as a part of the blood–brain barrier are described. It is important to note that several changes in different mouse models of HD present differences between them and between the different ages analyzed. The understanding of the impact of peripheral organ inflammation in HD may open new avenues for the development of novel therapeutic targets

Diterpenoids from the Brown Alga Rugulopteryx okamurae and Their Anti-Inflammatory Activity

Brown algae of the Family Dictyotaceae produce an array of structurally diverse terpenoids, whose biomedical potential in the anti-inflammatory area has been scarcely explored. Herein, the chemical study of the alga Rugulopteryx okamurae has led to the isolation of ten new diterpenoids: rugukadiol A (1), rugukamurals A–C (2–4), and ruguloptones A–F (6–10). The structures of the new compounds were established by spectroscopic means. Compound 1 exhibits an unprecedented diterpenoid skeleton featuring a bridged tricyclic undecane system. Compounds 2–10 belong to the secospatane class of diterpenoids and differ by the oxygenated functions that they contain. In antiinflammatory assays, the new diterpenoid 1 and the secospatanes 5 and 10 significantly inhibited the production of the inflammatory mediator NO in LPS-stimulated microglial cells Bv.2 and macrophage cells RAW264.7. Moreover, compounds 1 and 5 were found to strongly inhibit the expression of Nos2 and the pro-inflammatory cytokine Il1b in both immune cell lines

Anti-Inflammatory (M2) Response Is Induced by a sp(2)-Iminosugar Glycolipid Sulfoxide in Diabetic Retinopathy

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the most common complications of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) and is directly associated with inflammatory processes. Currently, neuro-inflammation is considered an early event in DR and proceeds via microglia polarization. A hallmark of DR is the presence of retinal reactive gliosis. Here we report the beneficial effect of (S (S),1R)-1-docecylsulfiny-5N,6O-oxomethylidenenojirimycin ((Ss)-DS-ONJ), a member of the sp(2)-iminosugar glycolipid (sp(2)-IGL) family, by decreasing iNOS and inflammasome activation in Bv.2 microglial cells exposed to pro-inflammatory stimuli. Moreover, pretreatment with (Ss)-DS-ONJ increased Heme-oxygenase (HO)-1 as well as interleukin 10 (IL10) expression in LPS-stimulated microglial cells, thereby promoting M2 (anti-inflammatory) response by the induction of Arginase-1. The results strongly suggest that this is the likely molecular mechanism involved in the anti-inflammatory effects of (S (S))-DS-ONJ in microglia. (S (S))-DS-ONJ further reduced gliosis in retinal explants from type 1 diabetic BB rats, which is consistent with the enhanced M2 response. In conclusion, targeting microglia polarization dynamics in M2 status by compounds with anti-inflammatory activities offers promising therapeutic interventions at early stages of DR

Suicide Risk Assessment in the Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Depression in Colombia

Introducción El suicidio es la complicación más grave de la depresión, ocasiona altos costos en salud y millones de muertes anuales alrededor del mundo; dadas sus implicaciones, es importante conocer los factores que aumentan su riesgo de ocurrencia y los instrumentos más útiles para abordarlos. Objetivos Determinar los signos y síntomas que indican un mayor riesgo de suicidio y los factores que aumentan el riesgo en pacientes con diagnóstico de depresión. Establecer los instrumentos que tienen las mejores propiedades para identificar el riesgo suicida en personas con depresión. Método Se elaboró una guía de práctica clínica siguiendo los lineamientos de la guía metodológica del Ministerio de la Protección Social para recolectar evidencia y graduar las recomendaciones. Se adaptaron y actualizaron las recomendaciones de las guías NICE 90 y CANMAT para las preguntas que estas guías contestaban y se desarrollaron de novo para las preguntas no encontradas. Resultados Se presentan las fundamentaciones y recomendaciones del capítulo de la guía de práctica clínica de episodio depresivo y trastorno no depresivo recurrente correspondientes a la evaluación del riesgo de suicidio. Se incluye el grado de recomendación correspondiente.Q43-11Introduction Suicide is the most serious complications of depression. It has high associated health costs and causes millions of deaths worldwide per year. Given its implications, it is important to know the factors that increase the risk of its occurrence and the most useful tools for addressing it. Objectives To identify the signs and symptoms that indicate an increased risk of suicide, and factors that increase the risk in patients diagnosed with depression. To establish the tools best fitted to identify suicide risk in people with depression. Method Clinical practice guidelines were developed, following those of the methodmethodological guidelines of the Ministry of Social Protection, to collect evidence and to adjust recommendations. Recommendations from the NICE90 and CANMAT guidelines were adopted and updated for questions found in these guidelines, while new recommendations were developed for questions not found in them. Results Basic points and recommendations are presented from a chapter of the clinical practice guidelines on depressive episodes and recurrent depressive disorder related to suicide risk assessment. Their corresponding recommendation levels are included

Efficacy and safety of sensor-augmented pump therapy (SAPT) with predictive low-glucose management in patients diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus previously treated with SAPT and low glucose suspend

Introducción La terapia con bomba de insulina integrada a sistema de monitoreo continuo con suspensión en hipoglucemia (SAPT-LGS) es una alternativa efectiva y segura para el tratamiento en pacientes con diabetes tipo 1 (DM1). La función de suspensión antes del límite bajo (PLGM) reduce la gravedad y la duración de los eventos hipoglucémicos. Sin embargo, la evidencia del beneficio en pacientes tratados previamente con SAPT-LGS es limitada. Métodos Se realizó un estudio longitudinal antes y después con pacientes DM1 tratados con SAPT-LGS que se cambiaron al sistema Minimed® 640G con SmartGuard®, con el fin de evaluar el impacto en los niveles de A1c, hipoglucemia severa (HS), hipoglucemia asintomática (HA) y área bajo la curva (AUC) <70mg/dl después de tres meses de seguimiento. Resultados Se incluyeron 55 pacientes con DM1, de 37.9 (IQR 6, 79) años, A1c basal de 7.52±1.11%. A los 3 meses bajo PLGM, la A1c se redujo significativamente a 7.18%±0.91% (p=0.004). La tasa de HS se redujo de 2.47 (CI 0.44,4.90) a 0.87 (CI 0.22,1.52) eventos/año del paciente (índice de incidencia 0.353 IC 95%, 0.178, 0.637), el AUC <70mg/dl se redujo de 0,59±0,76 a 0,35±0,65mg/dl x minuto (p = 0,030). HA determinado por el cuestionario Clarke resolvió en 23 de 30 pacientes (p=0,002) Conclusiones Este estudio sugiere que PLGM reduce la frecuencia de HS, HA, la exposición a niveles de glucosa por debajo de 70mg/dl y A1c. Con base a estos resultados, esta terapia debería considerarse en pacientes con DM1 tratados previamente con SAPT-LGS que persisten con HS e HA. Se requieren ensayos clínicos adicionales que comparen la eficacia y la seguridad de estas características.Q4Q3Artículo original451-457Background Sensor-augmented insulin pump therapy (SAPT) with low-glucose suspend (LGS) is an effective and safe alternative for treating patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). New predictive low-glucose management (PLGM) systems decrease the severity and duration of hypoglycemic events. However, evidence of benefits in patients previously treated with SAPT-LGS is limited. Methods A prospective before-after study was conducted in patients with T1DM treated with SAPT-LGS, who were switched to the Minimed® 640G system with SmartGuard® to assess the impact on A1c levels, severe hypoglycemia (SH), hypoglycemia unawareness (HU), and area under the curve (AUC) <70mg/dL after three months of follow-up. Results Fifty-five patients with T1DM with a mean age of 37.9 (IQR 6, 79) years and a mean baseline A1c level of 7.52±1.11% were enrolled. After three months under PLGM, A1c levels significantly decreased to 7.18±0.91% (p=0.004). SH rate decreased from 2.47 (CI 0.44, 4.90) to 0.87 (CI 0.22, 1.52) events/patient-year (Incidence rate ratio 0.353, 95% CI 0.178, 0.637), AUC <70mg/dL decreased from 0.59±0.76 to 0.35±0.65mg/dL x minute (p=0.030). HU determined by Clarke questionnaire resolved in 23 out of 30 patients (p=0.002). Conclusions This study suggests that SAPT with PLGM decreases the frequency of SH, HU, exposure to glucose levels below 70mg/dL, and A1c levels. Based on these results, this therapy should be considered in T1DM patients previously treated with SAPT-LGS with persistent SH and HU. Further clinical trials comparing the efficacy and safety of these features are required