Efecto económico parcial de la COVID-19 y sus resultados en Camagüey, Cuba

Objective: To evaluate the partial epidemiological results of COVID -19, its immediate economic effects, and the mid-term perspectives in the province of Camagüey, Cuba. Methods: Statistical descriptive and inferential techniques. The logistic model was used for prognosis. Main results: The confirmed asymptote case number is 50, showing lower incidence and mortality than the rest of the country. The recovery percent similar to the national level, particularly in health areas adjacent to the municipality of Camagüey. Conclusions: Covid-19 exacerbated the already existing economic problems, with special repercussions on economic growth, due to the decline of important productions in the agricultural sector and the food-producing industry. Additionally, the export plan, the import substitution plan, and overall commercial activities were cut down. As a result, there will be an impact on short and mid-term inputs to the budget, thus increasing public expenditure.Objetivo: Evaluar los resultados parciales epidemiológicos de la COVID-19, su efecto económico inmediato y las perspectivas a mediano plazo para la provincia de Camagüey, Cuba. Métodos: Técnicas estadísticas descriptivas e inferenciales; para el pronóstico se eligió el modelo logístico. Principales resultados: Los casos confirmados asintóticos a 50; una tasa de incidencia y mortalidad por debajo de la del país y un por ciento de recuperación similar al nacional, con mayor manifestación en el municipio Camagüey y concentrado en dos zonas de áreas de salud colindantes. Conclusiones: La COVID-19 agudizó los problemas económicos ya presentes, fundamentalmente en el crecimiento económico por la disminución de producciones importantes para el sector agropecuario y la industria alimentaria; también disminuyó el plan de exportaciones y de sustitución de importaciones y la actividad comercial. Esto debe repercutir en los ingresos al presupuesto en el corto y mediano plazos y en el incremento del gasto público

Desarrollo de Programas Integrales de Formación en Seguridad y Salud en el trabajo para la empresa Ruma Ingeniería S.A.S

Ilustración 1. ¿Realizar las pausas activas en tu jornada laboral? 24 Ilustración 2. ¿Cuál es el nivel de conciencia que tienes al llevar a cabo la realización de pausas activas durante la jornada laboral? 25 Ilustración 3. ¿Has sufrido alguna enfermedad de las siguiente? 25 Ilustración 4. ¿Crees que al realizar las pausas activas en los tiempos determinados por el SG-SST puede ayudar a evitar algún tipo de enfermedad laboral? 26Se tiene como objetivo analizar y desarrollar programas integrales de formación enfocados en la Seguridad y Salud en el trabajo de los colaboradores de la empresa Ruma Ingeniería s.a.s, ubicada en la ciudad de Yopal; es fundamental la implementación de este porque ayuda a prevenir accidentes, lesiones y enfermedades laborales, protegiendo la integridad física y mental de los empleados. La prevención de accidentes y enfermedades laborales puede resultar en una disminución de los costos asociados, como gastos médicos, compensaciones laborales y pérdida de productividad. La formación en seguridad no solo se trata de prevenir accidentes, sino también de preparar a los empleados para responder eficazmente en situaciones de emergencia, como incendios, evacuaciones, etc.The objective is to analyze and develop comprehensive training programs focused on Safety and Health at work of the employees of the company Ruma Ingeniería s.a.s, located in the city of Yopal; Its implementation is essential because it helps prevent accidents, injuries and work-related illnesses, protecting the physical and mental integrity of employees. Preventing workplace accidents and illnesses can result in a decrease in associated costs, such as medical expenses, workers' compensation, and loss of productivity. Health and safety training can encourage safe work practices and promote a healthy work environment and good work environment, contributing to an increase in productivity and efficiency. Safety training is not only about preventing accidents, but also about preparing employees to respond effectively in emergency situations, such as fires, evacuations, etc

DIVERSIDAD ALPHA Y BETA DE ABEJAS EUGLOSSINI (HYMENOPTERA: APIDAE) EN EL DOSEL Y SOTOBOSQUE DEL CERRO TUREGA, PROVINCIA DE COCLÉ, PANAMÁ

In order to determine the diversity of Euglossini bees in both forest and crop areas of Cerro Turega's Water Reserve, Cocle province, Panama. We collected bees both in the underwood and in the canopy using manual traps (Bottle traps) and the zigzag method. For 6 months (february to july of 2019), three essences were used in an entomological net to attract the bees to be collected. The collected specimens were identified to species in the MIUP of the University of Panama. A total of 769 bee specimens were collected from the orchids, classified into 22 species and four genera of euglosines for Cerro Turega’s Water Reserve. The Shannon-Wiener diversity index for the total sample was H'=2.78. The Simpsom index was Dsi=0.74 and a species dominance was D=0.26. We attempted to measure the effectiveness of the methods used for this sampling, therefore; results showed that there are no significant differences (Mann-Whitney U=48; P=0.1728), suggesting that both methods are efficient for this type of studies. With the manual traps method, we obtain that 75.23% belongs to the open area (crops), while 24.78% corresponds to the closed area (forest). As for the height of the traps, 75.92% were collected in the underwood and 24.08% in the canopy. While with the Zigzag method, 59.9% of the sample was collected in open area (crops), and 17.7% in closed area (forest). For Cerro Turega’s Water Reserve, bee diversity tends to be high, so it is necessary to maintain the conservation of both flora and fauna in these areas.Con el objetivo de determinar la diversidad de abejas Euglossini en áreas boscosa como en áreas de cultivos de la Reserva Hídrica de Cerro Turega, provincia de Coclé, Panamá. Se realizaron colectas tanto en sotobosque como en el dosel, por medio de trampas “Bottle traps”, al igual que colectas por método de zigzag, donde se usaron tres esencias para atraer las abejas y ser colectadas por medio de una red entomológica; durante 6 meses, febrero a julio de 2019. Los especímenes colectados fueron identificados a especies en el MIUP de la Universidad de Panamá. Se colectaron un total de 769 especímenes de abejas de las orquídeas, clasificados en 22 especies y cuatro géneros de euglosinas para la R.H. Cerro Turega. El índice de diversidad de Shannon-Wiener para el total de la muestra fue de H’=2.78. El índice de Simpsom fue de Dsi=0.74 y una dominancia de especies de D= 0.26. Se tomó en cuenta la efectividad de los métodos utilizados para este muestreo, estableciendo que no hay diferencias significativas (Mann-Whitney U=48; P=0.1728), por lo que ambos métodos son eficientes, para este tipo de estudios. Con el método de trampas manuales se obtieneque el 75.23% pertenece al área abierta (cultivo), mientras que el 24.78% corresponde al área cerrada (boscosa). En cuanto a la altura de las trampas el 75.92% se colectaron en sotobosque y 24.08% en el dosel. Mientras que con el método de Zigzag, 59.9% de la muestra se colecto en área abierta (cultivos), y un 17.7% en área cerrada (boscosa). Para la R. H. Cerro Turega, la diversidad de abejas tiende a ser alta, por lo que es necesario mantener la conservación tanto de la flora y fauna en estas zonas

Efecto económico parcial de la COVID-19 y sus resultados en Camagüey, Cuba

Objetivo: Evaluar los resultados parciales epidemiológicos de la COVID-19, su efecto económico inmediato y las perspectivas a mediano plazo para la provincia de Camagüey, Cuba. Métodos: Técnicas estadísticas descriptivas e inferenciales; para el pronóstico se eligió el modelo logístico. Principales resultados: Los casos confirmados asintóticos a 50; una tasa de incidencia y mortalidad por debajo de la del país y un por ciento de recuperación similar al nacional, con mayor manifestación en el municipio Camagüey y concentrado en dos zonas de áreas de salud colindantes. Conclusiones: La COVID-19 agudizó los problemas económicos ya presentes, fundamentalmente en el crecimiento económico por la disminución de producciones importantes para el sector agropecuario y la industria alimentaria; también disminuyó el plan de exportaciones y de sustitución de importaciones y la actividad comercial. Esto debe repercutir en los ingresos al presupuesto en el corto y mediano plazos y en el incremento del gasto público

Foreshore Assessment using Space Technology

Poster presented in SENTINEL-2 for Science Workshop (ESA-ESRIN, Frascati, Italy) on the 20th, 21st and 22nd May 2014. See more information about this workshop in http://seom.esa.int/S2forScience2014FORESHORE ASSESSMENT USING SPACE TECHNOLOGY. Vegetated foreshores and floodplains provide important ecosystem services. These include benefits for coastal defence: the foreshores attenuate waves, enhance sedimentation and reduce erosion, mitigating flood risk. At present, this function of wetland ecosystems is hardly incorporated in coastal defence schemes. Yet considering foreshores and floodplains in water safety assessments and in levee design can result in considerable cost reductions for flood risk management. In the EU-funded project FAST (Foreshore Assessment using Space Technology, 2014-2018), we aim to develop a GMES/Copernicus downstream service, combining Sentinel satellite data and in situ data to integrate the functioning of wetlands in flood risk management strategies. Sentinel data will be used to retrieve relevant biophysical parameters to characterise the foreshore, such as the morphology/topography of the foreshores, the density/biomass and type of vegetation, and the sediment type. Because of their location at the dynamic interface of land and water, foreshores and floodplains pose particular challenges for satellite observation and analysis, both regarding spatial and spectral resolution (due to the large environmental gradients and heterogeneity) and regarding temporal resolution (due to the large temporal variation as a result of, for example, tidal inundation). Information on some key variables is not readily available, and applicability of some relevant biophysical parameters and indicators developed for the terrestrial realm (such as Leaf Area Index, NDVI) remain to be tested for the characterisation of foreshores. The advent of the superspectral Sentinel-2 MSI opens up the potential to detect such characteristics from a spaceborne platform in a consistent way, based on an appropriate spectral, spatial and temporal resolution, with substantial (regional) coverage. However, a thorough assessment is required to optimize and validate retrieval schemes for the spatial characterisation of foreshores. At eight case-study sites across Europe (Spain, Romania, United Kingdom and the Netherlands), ground referencing will be executed to aid the retrieval of information from Sentinel imagery. Validation includes measurements of sediment type and vegetation density/biomass and hyperspectral reflectance of vegetation types. The in situ and remote sensing data will be combined with measurements on wave attenuation and erosion/deposition regimes. The results will provide insight in forshore stability and in the buffering function of foreshores and floodplains. From the collected data general relationships between foreshore and floodplain characteristics and flood risk mitigation properties will be derived. These will be implemented in a GIS based tool for integrating wetlands into cost efficient and safe flood risk management strategies.This project has received funding from the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme for research, technological development and demonstration.POSTE

Adaptation of the classical end-point ITS-PCR for the diagnosis of avian trichomonosis to a real-time PCR reveals Bonelli’s eagle as a new host for Trichomonas gypaetinii

Avian trichomonosis is a parasitic disease caused mainly by Trichomonas gallinae and other Trichomonas species. It can be asymptomatic, or it can produce a necrotic lesion in the upper digestive tract and spread to other organs, causing the death of the infected birds. In this study, we aimed to evaluate an adapted real-time PCR method for the diagnosis of different genotypes and species of avian oropharyngeal trichomonads. Fifty-six samples from the oropharynx of Bonelli’s eagles (Aquila fasciata) obtained between 2018 and 2019 were analyzed using the real-time PCR and the end-point PCR, both targeting trichomonads ITS, and the results were compared by a coefficient of agreement. All positive samples were sequenced. The analysis showed a higher percentage of detection of real-time PCR ITS compared with end-point PCR ITS (64.3 vs 55.4%), and good agreement value (Kappa = 0.816). Melting temperature value for resulting amplicons of real-time PCR for avian trichomonads was 83.45 ± 0.72 °C. Genotypes A, D, and III were found among the sequences. Moreover, Trichomonas gypaetinii, a common species in scavenger birds, is reported for the first time in Bonelli’s eagles

Glucosinolates: Structure, classification, biosynthesis and functions in higher plants

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze concepts, structure, classification, biosynthesis and functions of glucosinolates (GSLs) in higher plants. Design/methodology/approach: A search was performed into recent high-impact literature related to glucosinolates (GSLs). Results: GSLs are secondary metabolites rich in N and S. They are divided into aliphatic, aromatic, and indole GSLs depending on the amino acid from which they arise. The products of their hydrolysis, mediated by thioglucoside glucohydrolase, thioglucosidase or myrosinase enzymes (EC 3.2.1.147), play a role in increasing tolerance to biotic and abiotic stress factors. Furthermore, given their composition, they can serve as a nutrient reservoir under nutrient deficiency conditions. Limitations on study/implications: GSLs are synthesized only in species of the Capparidaceae, Brassicaceae, Resedaceae, and Moringaceae families. Findings/conclusions: GSLs are sulfur compounds that can serve as defense mechanisms against biotic and abiotic stress factors and as sources of nutrients in plants, and molecules with important nutraceutical properties in food and human health.Objective: To analyze concepts, structure, classification, biosynthesis and functions of glucosinolates (GSLs)in higher plants.Design/methodology/approach: A search was performed into recent high-impact literature related toglucosinolates (GSLs).Results: GSLs are secondary metabolites rich in N and S. They are divided into aliphatic, aromatic, andindole GSLs depending on the amino acid from which they arise. The products of their hydrolysis, mediated bythioglucoside glucohydrolase, thioglucosidase or myrosinase enzymes (EC 3.2.1.147), play a role in increasingtolerance to biotic and abiotic stress factors. Furthermore, given their composition, they can serve as a nutrientreservoir under nutrient deficiency conditions.Limitations on study/implications: GSLs are synthesized only in species of the Capparidaceae, Brassicaceae,Resedaceae, and Moringaceae families.Findings/conclusions: GSLs are sulfur compounds that can serve as defense mechanisms against bioticand abiotic stress factors and as sources of nutrients in plants, and molecules with important nutraceuticalproperties in food and human health

La exposición de plantas de arroz (Oryza sativa L.) a nanopartículas de plata afecta la expresión de genes multifuncionales NAC

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the effect of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on the expression of 17 NAC genes in rice plants (Oryza sativa L.) under greenhouse conditions. Methodology: Twelve-d-old rice seedlings were transferred to a hydroponic system. Fourteen days after the transplant, the following treatments were applied through the nutrient solution: 0, 20, 40 and 80 mg L-1 AgNPs. Each solution had six repetitions which were distributed in a completely randomized experimental design. From the treated and control plants, total RNA was extracted from stems, from which cDNA was synthesized and a measurement of gene expression was performed by the qRT-PCR technique. The elongation factor 1?, which showed greater stability, was taken as the reference gene. The relative expression of the genes was determined using the 2-??Ct method, with a differential expression value of 2. Results: It was found that the AgNPs induced the expression of four NAC genes (Os02g56600, Os07g04560, Os12g43530 and Os06g5107) by at least one dose of AgNPs tested, and one gene (0s08g10080) showed repression of expression by the presence of these nanoparticles in the nutrient solution. In the Os07g04560 gene, the expression was dependent on the concentration of AgNPs, that is, the higher the concentration of AgNPs in the medium, the greater the expression of the gene. Limitations: In further studies, it would be necessary to explore the expression of more NAC genes in different tissues and phenological stages of the plant. Conclusions: It is concluded that silver nanoparticles differentially affect the expression of NAC genes in rice, which confirms the multifunctionality of these genes in plants.Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el efecto de las nanopartículas de plata (AgNPs) en la expresión de 17 genes NAC en plantas de arroz (Oryza sativa L.) en invernadero. Plántulas de arroz de 12 d de edad se trasfirieron a un sistema hidropónico. Catorce días después del trasplante se aplicaron los siguientes tratamientos a través de la solución nutritiva: 0, 20, 40 y 80 mg L-1 AgNPs. Cada tratamiento tuvo seis repeticiones en un diseño experimental completamente al azar. De las plantas tratadas y del testigo se extrajo RNA total de vástago, a partir del cual se sintetizó cDNA y se realizó una medición de la expresión génica por la técnica de qRT-PCR. Como gen de referencia se tomó el Factor de elongación 1?, que mostró mayor estabilidad. La expresión relativa de los genes se determinó utilizando el método 2-??Ct, con un valor de expresión diferencial de 2. Resultados: Se encontró que las AgNPs indujeron la expresión de cuatro genes NAC (Os02g56600, Os07g04560, Os12g43530 y Os06g5107) por al menos una dosis de AgNPs probada, y un gen (0s08g10080) mostró represión de la expresión por la presencia de estas nanopartículas en la solución nutritiva. En el gen Os07g04560, la expresión fue dependiente de la concentración de AgNPs, esto es, a mayor concentración de AgNPs en el medio, mayor expresión del gen. Limitaciones: En este estudio no fue posible analizar la expresión de genes NAC en respuesta a AgNPs en otros tejidos y en otras etapas fenológica. Conslusiones: Las nanopartículas de plata afectan diferencialmente la expresión de genes NAC en arroz, lo que corrobora la multifuncionalidad de estos genes en plantas

Proyecto de Innovación Educativa Basada en Evidencia (IEBE): Implicaciones pedagógicas de la música con técnicas plásticas en procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje situado de alumnos preescolares

1) Introducción 2) Datos generales del proyecto 3) Delimitación de la naturaleza del proyecto 4) Preguntas de investigación, objetivos y competencias 5) Metodología del proyecto. Diseño de intervención del proyecto 6) Resultados y valoración crítica del proyecto 7) Conclusiones 8) Referencias bibliográficas 9) Anexo