Natural mortality of three commercial penaeid shrimps (<em>Litopenaeus vannamei, L. stylirostris</em> and <em>Farfantepenaeus californiensis</em>) of the Gulf of California using gnomonic time divisions

The estimation of natural mortality (M) is critical for stock assessment and fisheries management. The shrimp fishery is the most valuable one in Mexico and along the Pacific Coast of Mexico, and exploitation primarily targets three species: white (Litopenaeus vannamei), blue (L. stylirostris), and brown (Farfantepenaeus californiensis). It is a sequential fishery, so an appropriate estimate of M for different life stages is required for management purposes. Typically, M is estimated from the exploited stock, which is usually composed of adults, assuming a constant value for M, and this estimate is used for studies of population dynamics, stock assessments and determinations of the status of a fishery. In this study, we estimate M-at-age (i.e. life stage) for each species using the gnomonic time division model. The gnomonic intervals correspond to the actual life stages reported in the literature, whose duration was used for model fitting. The gnomonic model showed that M declines sharply in early life stages but declines to an asymptotic value after reaching maturity, and the model provided biologically consistent estimates of M at each life stage for the three shrimp species. Such estimates may be used with confidence to model the dynamics of sequential shrimp fisheries

Comparación de dos métodos diagnósticos en tumores mamarios en un Centro de Cancerología de Colima, México

Objetivo Determinar la relación entre los hallazgos de tumores mediante mamografíay el diagnóstico histopatológico de los mismos.Métodos Se realizó un estudio transversal descriptivo. Participaron pacientes delCentro Estatal de Cancerología de la ciudad de Colima, México. Los criterios deinclusión fueron: mujeres con mamografía y calificación BIRADS; mujeres con biopsiay diagnóstico histopatológico; mujeres de todas las edades, todos los estadios clínicosy con expediente clínico completo. Para la estadística descriptiva se utilizaron lasfrecuencias, porcentajes, promedios y desviación estándar. Para la estadísticainferencial se utilizaron las pruebas de t de Student, de chi cuadrada y el cálculo delOR e IC (95 %).Objective Determining the relationship between mammography neoplasm reports and histopathological diagnosis of neoplasms. Methods A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out. Patients were included who were attending the state cancerology centre (Centro Estatal de Cancerología) in Colima, Mexico. Inclusion parameters were: females having mammography and BIRADS score of 1 or over; females having biopsy and histopathology diagnosis; females of all ages, all  clinic stages having a complete clinic record. Frequency, percentages, means and standard deviations were applied for descriptive statistics. Student's t-test, the Chi square test, OR and 95 %CI were applied for inferential statistics. Differences were considered to be significant when

Small renal masses in Latin-American population : Characteristics and prognostic factors for survival, recurrence and metastasis - A multi-institutional study from LARCG database

To evaluate demographic, clinical and pathological characteristics of small renal masses (SRM) (≤ 4 cm) in a Latin-American population provided by LARCG (Latin-American Renal Cancer Group) and analyze predictors of survival, recurrence and metastasis. A multi-institutional retrospective cohort study of 1523 patients submitted to surgical treatment for non-metastatic SRM from 1979 to 2016. Comparisons between radical (RN) or partial nephrectomy (PN) and young or elderly patients were performed. Kaplan-Meier curves and log-rank tests estimated 10-year overall survival. Predictors of local recurrence or metastasis were analyzed by a multivariable logistic regression model. PN and RN were performed in 897 (66%) and 461 (34%) patients. A proportional increase of PN cases from 48.5% (1979-2009) to 75% (after 2009) was evidenced. Stratifying by age, elderly patients (≥ 65 years) had better 10-year OS rates when submitted to PN (83.5%), than RN (54.5%), p = 0.044. This disparity was not evidenced in younger patients. On multivariable model, bilaterality, extracapsular extension and ASA (American Society of Anesthesiologists) classification ≥3 were predictors of local recurrence. We did not identify significant predictors for distant metastasis in our series. PN is performed in Latin-America in a similar proportion to developed areas and it has been increasing in the last years. Even in elderly individuals, if good functional status, sufficiently fit to surgery, and favorable tumor characteristics, they should be encouraged to perform PN. Intending to an earlier diagnosis of recurrence or distant metastasis, SRM cases with unfavorable characteristics should have a more rigorous follow-up routine

Permanent Genetic Resources added to Molecular Ecology Resources Database 1 February 2013-31 March 2013

This article documents the addition of 142 microsatellite marker loci to the Molecular Ecology Resources database. Loci were developed for the following species: Agriophyllum squarrosum, Amazilia cyanocephala, Batillaria attramentaria, Fungal strain CTeY1 (Ascomycota), Gadopsis marmoratus, Juniperus phoenicea subsp. turbinata, Liriomyza sativae, Lupinus polyphyllus, Metschnikowia reukaufii, Puccinia striiformis and Xylocopa grisescens. These loci were cross-tested on the following species: Amazilia beryllina, Amazilia candida, Amazilia rutila, Amazilia tzacatl, Amazilia violiceps, Amazilia yucatanensis, Campylopterus curvipennis, Cynanthus sordidus, Hylocharis leucotis, Juniperus brevifolia, Juniperus cedrus, Juniperus osteosperma, Juniperus oxycedrus, Juniperus thurifera, Liriomyza bryoniae, Liriomyza chinensis, Liriomyza huidobrensis and Liriomyza trifolii. © 2013 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.Peer Reviewe

Trabajo y vida indígenas en los trapiches del Nuevo Reino de Granada, 1576 – 16741

ABSTRACT: By a Crown´s rule, native workforce was forbidden inside the trapiches and sugar mills. Nonetheless, some Crown´s employees of the New Kingdom of Granada, in particular chief magistrates, avoided exerting this prohibition drastically, and allowed many indigenous people of encomiendas to pay their tributes with their labor on sugar production. This article studies both the reasons of this permissiveness and the changes that working on the trapiches generated among natives, especially those aspects linked to their community life and their consumption habits.RESUMEN: La mano de obra indígena estaba prohibida dentro de los trapiches e ingenios de azúcar por mandato de la Corona española. Sin embargo, en el Nuevo Reino de Granada los oficiales reales, especialmente los corregidores, evitaron ejercer drásticamente esta prohibición y permitieron que muchos indios de encomienda pagaran su tributación con el trabajo azucarero. En este artículo se estudian las razones de esta permisividad, así como los cambios que generó entre los indígenas trabajar en los trapiches, especialmente los aspectos vinculados a la vida comunitaria y a los hábitos de consumo de los indígenas

Group 6 Late Embryogenesis Abundant (LEA) Proteins in Monocotyledonous Plants: Genomic Organization and Transcript Accumulation Patterns in Response to Stress in Oryza sativa

11 páginas.-- 1 tabla.-- 8 figuras.-- 28 referencias.-- Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s11105-013-0641-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.In this study, group 6 Late Embryogenesis Abundant (LEA) proteins from monocot plants were identified along with a set of unique motifs that distinguished them from eudicot LEA6 proteins. Moreover, a LEA6 gene and its corresponding protein from Oryza sativa (OsLEA6) were also investigated. We found that the rice genome contains only one gene of this family, described its genomic organization, and discarded the possibility suggested in different databases that this gene was fused with an HSP90 gene forming a chimeric OsHSP90-LEA6 protein. We also showed that OsLEA6 transcript accumulates in response to water deficit conditions and that, using specific anti-OsLEA6 antibodies, its corresponding protein follows a similar accumulation pattern. The analysis of the OsLEA6 gene promoter sequence is also included, in which different drought and ABA response cis elements were identified. Accordingly, the ABA responsiveness of OsLEA6 protein is also shown. Thus, as previously shown for other LEA6 members present in eudicots, rice and other monocot LEA6 proteins are likely to participate in responses to stress conditions. © 2013 Springer Science+Business Media New York.CONACYT-Mexico (132258-Q) and DGAPA-UNAM (IN208212) for providing funding for this work.Peer Reviewe

Prostate cancer screening in low- and middle- income countries: the Mexican case

Prostate-specific antigen (PSA)-based early detection for prostate cancer is the subject of intense debate. Implementation of organized prostate cancer screening has been challenging, in part because the PSA test is so amenable to opportunistic screening. To the extent that access to cancer screening tests increases in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), there is an urgent need to thoughtfully evaluate existing and future cancer screening strategies to ensure benefit and control costs. We used Mexico's prostate cancer screening efforts to illustrate the challenges LMICs face. We provide five considerations for policymakers for a smarter approach and implementation of PSA-based screening

Estudio comparativo de eficacia entre dos pañales para la prevención y tratamiento de la dermatitis por pañal

INTRODUCCIÓN: una meta a alcanzar en los niños que usan pañal es mantener una piel intacta dentro del área cubierta por éste y así evitar la dermatitis por pañal. OBJETIVO: comparar la eficacia de dos tipos de pañal para prevenir o tratar la dermatitis por pañal. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: ensayo clínico aleatorizado en lactantes de 6 a 12 meses de edad, con o sin dermatitis por pañal, que utilizaron pañales Huggies UltraConfort® o BBTips®. Se investigó la presencia o ausencia de dermatitis por pañal y la evaluación de la eficacia del pañal por el médico y el cuidador. El análisis estadístico incluyó análisis uni- y bivariado. RESULTADOS: en el grupo sin dermatitis por pañal se evaluaron 68 lactantes con edad promedio de 8.54 ± 2.09 meses. Había tenido eventos previos de dermatitis por pañal 72%. Catorce lactantes tuvieron dermatitis por pañal. La comparación entre ambos tipos de pañal demostró que BBTips® fue más eficaz que Huggies UltraConfort ®. En el grupo con dermatitis por pañal se evaluaron 66 pacientes con edad promedio de 8.65 ± 2.4 meses. Había tenido eventos previos de dermatitis por pañal 88%. A los 15 días se habían resuelto 53% de las dermatitis por pañal y al mes 88%. La comparación entre ambos tipos de pañal no demostró diferencias significativas en la eficacia. CONCLUSIONES: en el aspecto preventivo BBTips® fue superior a Huggies UltraConfort®. Ambos pañales tuvieron eficacia similar en el tratamiento de la dermatitis por pañal

Comparación de dos métodos diagnósticos en tumores mamarios en un centro de cancerología de colima, méxico

Objetivo Determinar la relación entre los hallazgos de tumores mediante mamografíay el diagnóstico histopatológico de los mismos.Métodos Se realizó un estudio transversal descriptivo. Participaron pacientes delCentro Estatal de Cancerología de la ciudad de Colima, México. Los criterios deinclusión fueron: mujeres con mamografía y calificación BIRADS; mujeres con biopsiay diagnóstico histopatológico; mujeres de todas las edades, todos los estadios clínicosy con expediente clínico completo. Para la estadística descriptiva se utilizaron lasfrecuencias, porcentajes, promedios y desviación estándar. Para la estadísticainferencial se utilizaron las pruebas de t de Student, de chi cuadrada y el cálculo delOR e IC (95 %).Objective Determining the relationship between mammography neoplasm reports and histopathological diagnosis of neoplasms. Methods A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out. Patients were included who were attending the state cancerology centre (Centro Estatal de Cancerología) in Colima, Mexico. Inclusion parameters were: females having mammography and BIRADS score of 1 or over; females having biopsy and histopathology diagnosis; females of all ages, all  clinic stages having a complete clinic record. Frequency, percentages, means and standard deviations were applied for descriptive statistics. Student's t-test, the Chi square test, OR and 95 %CI were applied for inferential statistics. Differences were considered to be significant when