Insight into the role of guanidinium and cesium in triple cation lead halide perovskites

The overall impact of the partial replacement (5–15%) of methylammonium (MA)in the MAPbI3perovskite by cesium or guanidinium (Gua) cations to fabricatethinfilms of triple cation CsxGuayMA1–x–yPbI3perovskites is studied.The structural changes are investigated by using X-ray diffraction measurementsrevealing shrinkage or expansion of the unit cell upon Cs or Gua incorporation,respectively. The optoelectronic properties are characterized with photolumi-nescence (PL) time-resolved spectroscopy and the space charge limited current(SCLC) method. Shorter PL time constants are obtained for the samples with onlyCs, while longer PL decays are measured for the perovskites containing additionalGua cation. The SCLC measurements reveal a larger density of trap states in theCsxMA1–xPbI3perovskites compared to the MAPbI3material. The PSCs fabricatedwith the different mixed cation CsxGuayMA1–x–yPbI3perovskites reveal a goodcorrelation with the measured optoelectronic properties. The power conversionefficiency (PCE) improves from an average value of 18.6% for the MAPbI3to avalue of 20.0% for the Cs0.05Gua0.05MA0.90PbI3perovskite with a champion celldelivering 21.2%. On the opposite, the PCE decreases to a value of 17.3% for thedouble cation perovskite with Cs

Empowerment evaluation: Key methodology aspects from participatory research and intervention with Roma girls

Empowerment evaluation (EE) is an especially useful tool that enables people to be involved in both individual and group transformation processes, in particular in contexts characterized by social inequality. By using a participatory approach, this methodological article analyses an Empowerment Evaluation experience within the European RoMoMatteR project. This project, which focuses on the notion of reproductive justice, has involved a group of Roma girls from Alicante (Spain), in a context characterized by discrimination based on ethnicity, gender and age, as well as by structural determinants such as social exclusion. The main research objective has been to analyse the relevance of the methodology designed to assess how project participants have developed a sense of autonomy and the acquisition of socio-cultural resources as assets for their future life choices. Therefore, the study design has followed the model proposed by Fetterman for Empowerment Evaluation: establishing a mission to be assessed, participatory diagnosis of the current status and finally planning for the future to start the desired change. Fetterman's model was adapted by designing and organizing participatory workshops with the girls involved in the project. The results confirm the relevance of the methodological proposal of the workshops to engage aspects of empowerment. The findings also allow to detect the empowerment of the Roma girls especially in two areas of the project: reaching the proposed objectives and the methodology used to register significant information. In the first case, the results show that Roma girls' establish a critical perspective on the idea of reproductive justice, and related to this, the activation of proactive behaviours linked to the acquisition of socio-cultural resources in the development of visions of their personal futures. In the second case, the Roma girls have also shown empowerment in decision-making on technical aspects, methodological design and taking action aimed at the collective construction of useful information in the project.This initiative is funded by the DG Justice of the European Commission in the Call for proposals for action grants under 2017 Rights Equality and Citizenship Work REC-AG #809813. Text editing work was supported by the Generalitat Valenciana Research and Development Programme (2022–2024) [ref. CIAICO/2021/019]

Simultaneous quantification of light elements in thin films deposited on Si substrates using proton EBS (Elastic Backscattering Spectroscopy)

Quantification of light elements content in thin films is an important and difficult issue in many technological fields such as polymeric functional thin films, organic thin film devices, biomaterials, and doped semiconducting structures. Light elements are difficult to detect with techniques based on X-ray emission, such as energy dispersive analysis of X-rays (EDAX). Other techniques, like X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), can easily quantify the content of light elements within a surface but often these surface measurements are not representative of the lights elements global composition of the thin film. Standard Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy (RBS), using alpha particles as probe projectiles, is not a good option to measure light elements deposited on heavier substrates composed of heavier elements like Si or glass. Nuclear Reaction Analysis (NRA) offers a good quantification method, but most of the nuclear reactions used are selective for the quantification of only one element, so several reactions and analysis are necessary to measure different elements. In this study, Elastic Backscattering Spectroscopy (EBS) using proton beams of 2.0 MeV simultaneously quantified different light elements (helium, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and fluorine) contained in thin films supported on silicon substrates. The capabilities of the proposed quantification method are illustrated with examples of the analysis for a series of thin film samples: amorphous silicon with helium bubbles, fluorinated silica, fluorinated diamond-like carbon and organic thin films. It is shown that this simple and versatile procedure allows the simultaneous quantification of light elements in thin films with thicknesses in the 200-500 nm range and contents lower than 10 at.%.España Mineco CSD2007- 42 CSD2008-00023 MAT2010-21228 MAT2010-1844

Therapeutic potential of emerging NAD+-increasing strategies for cardiovascular diseases

Altres ajuts: Fundació La Marató de TV3 (303/C/2016)(201602.30.31)Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide. Aging and/or metabolic stress directly impact the cardiovascular system. Over the last few years, the contributions of altered nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) metabolism to aging and other pathological conditions closely related to cardiovascular diseases have been intensively investigated. NAD+ bioavailability decreases with age and cardiometabolic conditions in several mammalian tissues. Compelling data suggest that declining tissue NAD+ is commonly related to mitochondrial dysfunction and might be considered as a therapeutic target. Thus, NAD+ replenishment by either genetic or natural dietary NAD+-increasing strategies has been recently demonstrated to be effective for improving the pathophysiology of cardiac and vascular health in different experimental models, as well as human health, to a lesser extent. Here, we review and discuss recent experimental evidence illustrating that increasing NAD+ bioavailability, particularly by the use of natural NAD+ precursors, may offer hope for new therapeutic strategies to prevent and treat cardiovascular diseases

La crisis de la COVID-19: impacto en los hogares de familias gitanas

The aim of this study is to analyse the impact that COVID-19 has had on the Roma population in Spain, showing results of a telephone interview on a sample of 592 Roma households in the more restrictive phase of lockdown (phase 0 of the de-escalation period to gradually lift confinement). This study has been developed by means of an alliance in which researchers from the public universities of Alicante and Navarre and the Health Institute Carlos III have participated, as well as several Roma associations. The results reflect the significant impact that the pandemic has caused in households that were already affected by social exclusion and inequality. Thus, a worsening of self-perception of health and a high rate of anxiety or depression problems were detected, the impact of which goes beyond health and affects all dimensions of social inclusion. In education, half of the households refer to minors having difficulties continuing their studies from home. A similar percentage have had their jobs affected and have seen a significant reduction in income. In addition to the aforementioned problems, perceived discrimination is also added.El objetivo de este estudio es analizar el impacto que ha tenido el COVID-19 en la población gitana en España, mostrando los resultados de una entrevista telefónica a una muestra de 592 hogares gitanos en la fase más restrictiva del confinamiento (fase 0 del período de desescalada para levantar gradualmente el confinamiento). Este estudio se ha desarrollado mediante una colaboración en la que han participado investigadores de las universidades públicas de Alicante y Navarra y del Instituto de Salud Carlos III, así como varias asociaciones gitanas. Los resultados reflejan el impacto significativo que la pandemia ha causado en hogares que ya estaban afectados por la exclusión social y la desigualdad. Así, se detectó un empeoramiento de la autopercepción de la salud y una alta tasa de problemas de ansiedad o depresión, cuyo impacto va más allá de la salud y afecta a todas las dimensiones de la inclusión social. En educación, la mitad de los hogares se refieren a menores con dificultades para continuar sus estudios desde casa. Un porcentaje similar ha visto afectados sus trabajos y ha visto una reducción significativa en los ingresos. Además de los problemas antes mencionados, también se suma la discriminación percibida

COVID-19 Crisis: Impact on Households of the Roma Community

The aim of this study is to analyse the impact that COVID-19 has had on the Roma population, showing results of a telephone interview on a sample of 592 Roma households in phase 0 of confinement. This study has been developed by means of an alliance in which researchers from the public universities of Alicante and Navarre and the Health Institute Carlos III have participated, as well as several Roma associations. The results reflect the significant impact that the pandemic has caused in households that were already affected by social exclusion and inequality. This impact goes beyond health and affects all dimensions of social inclusion, from employment to education, including income, meeting basic needs and discrimination

Desarrollo de un Trabajo de Fin de Grado Multidisciplinar en Ingeniería Civil como preparación del alumno para la vida profesional

[EN] This paper covers the inception and development of a new type of Final Degree Project carried out in the Civil Engineering School. More than 20 students collaborate in this Project, which is a major innovation over previous ones. This Project consists on the development of three alternatives for the CV-190 road diversión in Figueroles (Castellón). This kind of project allows the students to reach a deep knowledge on their skills, as well as they are encouraged to collaborate. Some advantages are presented, as well as some drawbacks that should be resolved for further editions.[ES] En el presente documento se presenta el planteamiento y desarrollo de un Trabajo Fin de Grado realizado en la Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros de Caminos, Canales y Puertos. La novedad de dicho trabajo consiste en la cooperación masiva de más de 20 alumnos con el fin de conseguir tres diferentes soluciones alternativas a la carretera CV-190 en el término municipal de Figueroles (Castellón). Este tipo de proyecto permite que los alumnos alcancen un elevado grado de especialización, a la vez que fomenta la colaboración entre ellos. Se presentan las ventajas observadas, así como los inconvenientes que sería razonable solventar en futuras ediciones de este tipo de trabajo.Camacho Torregrosa, FJ.; Pérez Zuriaga, AM.; Coll Carrillo, H.; Alcalá González, J.; Romero Gil, I.; Garrido De La Torre, ME. (2015). Desarrollo de un Trabajo de Fin de Grado Multidisciplinar en Ingeniería Civil como preparación del alumno para la vida profesional. En In-Red 2015 - CONGRESO NACIONAL DE INNOVACIÓN EDUCATIVA Y DE DOCENCIA EN RED. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/INRED2015.2015.1635OC

Aplicación móvil para monitoreo del arrecife mesoamericano

ITESO, A.C

Relaciones de poder en el Estado de México. Ayer y hoy

Como su título indica, el presente libro gira en torno a las relaciones de poder en el Estado de México, tanto en el pasado como en el presente. El estudio de las relaciones de poder desde periodos remotos hasta la actualidad, tanto en sus manifestaciones democráticas como en las autoritarias, constituye el objeto de estudio del cuerpo académico denominado “El poder en América Latina. Ayer y hoy”, adscrito al Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades (cicsyh) de la Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México (uaem), si bien, de acuerdo con su denominación, este grupo de investigación también estudia lugares distintos al que se refiere el presente libro

Memoria del segundo simposium sobre historia, sociedad y cultura de México y América Latina

La presente obra reúne 20 ponencias de las 27 que se presentaron en el “Segundo simposium sobre historia, sociedad y cultura de México y América Latina”, realizado el 8 y 9 de noviembre de 2006, en el Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades (CICSyH) de la Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México (UAEM), en Toluca, Estado de México