Efectos de la composición del jurado en los estilos deliberativos, análisis cognitivo y de contenido de la deliberación

The effects of jury size and decision rule (unanimous/mjority) on jury performance were assessed through un analysis of jury deliberation. The results reveal that large, unanimous juries carry out longer deliberations which focus more on factual and material evidence, whereas small, divided juries focus on legal issues. Moreover, unanimous 12-member juries appear to be more consistent and guided by functional criteria in which both versions (pro-not guilty and pro-guilty) are successively appraised, andfind according to the evidence. In contrast, the other unanimous conditions (6 and 9 jurors) reached a group decision by exclusion, i.e. by disregarding one version of the evidence.Mediante análisis de las deliberaciones de Jurados, en términos de contenido, estilos deliberativos y análisis cognitivo, abordamos los efectos producidos por la composición del Jurado (tamaño y regla de decisión) en la emisión de veredicto. Los resultados sostienen que los jurados de mayor tamaño y unánimes, llevan a deliberaciones más largas, más centradas en las pruebas y hechos, pero no por ello más redundantes. Por el contrario, las deliberaciones no unánimes y de grupos pequeños se basan más en términos legales. Además, los Jurados unánimes y de 12 miembros aparecen como los más consistentes y guiados por un criterio funcional en el que se analizan las dos versiones (pro-inocencia y pro-culpabilidad) acumulativamente y se resuelve en función del mayor ajuste. Por su parte, las otras condiciones unánimes deliberan en funcidn de un criterio de exclusión, es decir, se produce una disfunción al discutir en relación a una única versión de los hechos

La obra de Jean Renoir como traslación de los postulados impresionistas al lenguaje cinematográfico

This paper examines the application of the techniques of impressionism to the cinematographic work of Jean Renoir. It is not just a question of influence of the parent-child relationship between the author and his father, Jean Renoir has a premeditated intention to translate the impressionism techniques to the movies.The research is based on the analysis of the cinematographic work of Jean Renoir, with special reference to Une partie de campagne (1936).El presente trabajo analiza la presencia de técnicas propias del impresionismo en la obra cinematográfica de Jean Renoir. Dicha presencia no sólo se debe a la relación paterno filial de dicho autor con su padre, el pintor Aguste Renoir, sino a una intención premeditada de trasladar el impresionismo al cine.La metodología seguida para realizar esta investigación se basa en el análisis de la mayor parte de la obra cinematográfica de Jean Renoir, haciendo especial referencia a la película de su filmografía donde todas las influencias del impresionismo son especialmente evidentes, Un día de campo (Une partie de campagne, 1936)

Determinação médico-legal do dimorfismo sexual através da queiloscopia numa população portuguesa

Tese de mestrado, Medicina dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, 2015Este projecto teve como objectivo validar, numa população portuguesa, a Queiloscopia como método forense de identificação humana na fase reconstrutiva, na estimativa médico-legal do sexo do indivíduo. A amostra populacional foi composta por 202 indivíduos vivos, 109 indivíduos do sexo feminino e 93 do sexo masculino. Classificou-se o padrão labial para cada indivíduo, recorrendo à divisão labial por dois métodos (1-por quadrantes e 2-por porção central e laterais), tendo por base a Classificação de Suzuki e Tsuchihashi. Procedeu-se à análise estatística dos dados obtidos recorrendo-se a tabelas de contingências e o seu coeficiente e regressão logística binária. O nível de significância foi definido em 5%. Os resultados mostraram que, estatisticamente, não se verificaram diferenças significativas no padrão labial entre géneros. A regressão logística binária também não apresentou valores significativos, demonstrando que não estamos na presença de um método a utilizar. Quando comparados os métodos 1 e 2, verificou-se um coeficiente de determinação de Nagelkerke superior para a metodologia por quadrantes, tendo essa um maior poder discriminativo. Contudo, a utilização conjunta dos dois métodos na mesma regressão logística apresenta um resultado mais discriminativo. Conclui-se que, na população analisada, embora haja dimorfismo sexual entre os sulcos labiais, eles não são significativamente diferentes, propondo que o género não afecta a classificação. Pela regressão logística há diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre o parâmetro de identificação sexo e o sexo estimado pelo sistema de classificação de Kazuo Suzuki e Yasuo Tsuchihashi. No futuro, sugere-se a continuação de estudos na área da Queiloscopia com amostras maiores para verificar o contributo do padrão labial no dimorfismo sexual, de forma a ampliar a evidência científica deste método qualitativo e aprimorar a informação disponível para as várias populações.The aim of this project was to validate, on a Portuguese population, the Cheiloscopy as a forensic method for human identification on the reconstructive phase, for the medico-legal estimation of the individual’s sex. 202 living individuals, 109 women and 93 males composed the test sample. To classify the lip pattern for each individual was applied lip division using two methods (1- quadrants and 2.by central part and lateral portions), based on Suzuki and Tsuchihashi classification. The statistical analysis was done using tables of contingency and the contingent coefficient and binary logistic regression The level of significance used was 5%. The results showed that, statistically, there were no significant differences between lip pattern and sex. The binary logistic regression didn’t show significant values as well, showing that it’s not a method to use. If we compare the method 1 and the method 2, there is a Nagelkerke R-square higher for the method 1, having a bigger discriminative action. However, using both methods together in the same logistic regression has a better result. We conclude that, in the evaluated sample, despite the sexual dimorphism on the labial grooves, they are not significantly different, proposing that sex doesn’t affect the classification. By the logistic regression, there are statistical differences between the sex identification parameter and the estimated sex by Kazuo Suzuki and Yasuo Tsuchihashi classification. In the future, we suggest to continue with the cheiloscopy studies with bigger test samples to verify the contribution of lip pattern on the sexual dimorfism. This way, we can expand the cientific evidence of this qualitative method and improve the information available to the various populations

The work of Jean Renoir like translation of the impresionist postulates to the cinematographic language

This paper examines the application of the techniques of impressionism to the cinematographic work of Jean Renoir. It is not just a question of influence of the parent-child relationship between the author and his father, Jean Renoir has a premeditated intention to translate the impressionism techniques to the movies.The research is based on the analysis of the cinematographic work of Jean Renoir, with special reference to Une partie de campagne (1936).</p

Modulación de reflejos defensivos por claves contextuales: efecto de la luz-oscuridad ambiental

The results of a study aimed to examine the effect of manipulating environmental lightdarkness on the amplitude of two defensive reflexes -the startle motor reflex and the cardiac defense response- are presented. Using a between group design, four light levels were manipulated: complete darkness (0 Lux), penumbra (11 lux), medium light (175 lux) and intense light (1225). 60 volunteer student women participated in the study (15 per group). Both reflexes were examined, presenting a white noise of 105 dB, 500 millisecond duration and instantaneous risetime five occasions. The results show a potentiation of the cardiac defense response under conditions of darkness-penumbra, as compared to conditions of medium-intense light. These results are discussed under of Peter J. Lang's motivational priming theory and the neurophysiological differentiation between fear and anxiety.ResumenSe presentan los resultados de un estudio en el que se examinó el efecto de la manipulación de la luz-oscuridad ambiental sobre la amplitud de dos reflejos defensivos, la respuesta cardiaca de defensa y el reflejo motor de sobresalto. Utilizando un diseño entre grupos, se manipularon cuatro niveles de luz: oscuridad total (0 luxes), penumbra (11 luxes), luz media (175 luxes) y luz intensa (1225 luxes). 60 mujeres estudiantes voluntarias participaron en el estudio (15 por grupo). Ambos reflejos se estudiaron presentando un ruido blanco de 105 dB de intensidad, 500 milisegundos de duración y tiempo de subida instantáneo, en cinco ocasiones. Los resultados muestran una potenciación de la respuesta cardiaca de defensa bajo condiciones de oscuridad y penumbra, en comparación con las condiciones de luz media e intensa. Los resultados se discuten en el contexto de la teoría del priming motivacional de Peter J. Lang y la diferenciación neurofisiológica entre miedo y ansiedad.AbstractThe results of a study aimed to examine the effect of manipulating environmental lightdarkness on the amplitude of two defensive reflexes -the startle motor reflex and the cardiac defense response- are presented. Using a between group design, four light levels were manipulated: complete darkness (0 Lux), penumbra (11 lux), medium light (175 lux) and intense light (1225). 60 volunteer student women participated in the study (15 per group). Both reflexes were examined, presenting a white noise of 105 dB, 500 millisecond duration and instantaneous risetime five occasions. The results show a potentiation of the cardiac defense response under conditions of darkness-penumbra, as compared to conditions of medium-intense light. These results are discussed under of Peter J. Lang's motivational priming theory and the neurophysiological differentiation between fear and anxiety

HISTORIA DE VIDA DE UN MENOR EXTRANJERO NO ACOMPAÑADO DE MELILLA

In this article, the biographical account of an unaccompaniedforeign minor (MENA), which is currently under the tutelage of theAutonomous City of Melilla, has been addressed. The migration ofthe MENA is a current issue, both nationally and internationally,which increasingly concerns our society. The main objective has been to know through the life trajectory of a MENA, the reasons thatprompted him to migrate to Spain, his stay in Melilla and his futureprospects. In order to do so, the existing literature on the concept,profile, characteristics, reception system and rights of the MENA wasanalyzed, as well as Melilla as a border city for these young people.This bibliography helps to channel the interview about the MENAstory object of the study. From the methodological point of view, aqualitative methodology has been chosen. The participants have beenselected using a non-probabilistic convenience sampling. As datacollection techniques, open semi-structured interviews and systematicobservation were used, through a checklist and the field diary. Finally,it has been concluded that the child has had a childhood of povertyand hardship. This fact and the lack of employment in his hometownwere the main reasons for his migration.En el presente artículo se ha abordado el relato biográfico de un menor extranjero no acompañado (MENA), que actualmente se encuentra tutelado por la Ciudad Autónoma de Melilla. La migración de los MENA es un tema de actualidad, tanto a nivel nacional como a nivel internacional, que preocupa cada vez más a nuestra sociedad. El principal objetivo ha sido conocer a través de la trayectoria vital de un MENA, los motivos que le impulsaron a migrar a España, su estancia en Melilla y sus perspectivas de futuro. Para ello, se ha analizado la literatura existente sobre el concepto, perfil, características, sistema de acogida y derechos de los MENA, así como de Melilla como ciudad frontera para estos jóvenes. Esta bibliografía ayuda a encauzar la entrevista sobre el relato del MENA objeto del estudio. Desde el punto de vista metodológico, se ha optado por una metodología de carácter cualitativo. Los participantes han sido seleccionados empleando un muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia. Como técnicas de recogida de datos se ha utilizado la entrevista semiestructurada abierta y la observación sistemática, a través de una lista de control y el diario de campo. Por último, se ha concluido que el menor ha tenido una infancia de pobreza y penurias. Este hecho y la escasez de empleo en su ciudad natal fueron las principales razones de su migración

Correlation between clinical and pathologic diagnosis in oral leukoplakia in 54 patients

The main aim of this study was to establish a correlation between the clinical and pathologic diagnosis of oral leukoplakia with a particular focus on epithelial dysplasia. We reviewed the medical records of 54 patients with a clinical and histologic diagnosis of oral leukoplakia who were seen at our center between 2002 and 2008. We found that the disease was more common in men (59.3%) than in women and we also detected a significantly greater prevalence of alcohol and tobacco consumption in men. The mean age of the patients was 62.57 years. Three patients had been histologically diagnosed with invasive cancer and 4 with carcinoma in situ. The most common lesion site for leukoplakias with severe dysplasia and invasive carcinoma was the lateral aspect of the tongue, the floor of the mouth, and the gums. It is therefore essential to include these sites in the clinical examination to aid early diagnosis. A higher degree of dysplasia should be suspected in non-homogeneous leukoplakias. While dysplasia is associated with a greater risk of malignant transformation, it is also important to monitor leukoplakias without dysplastic features as they can occasionally be the site of carcinoma

Histopathological findings in oral lichen planus and their correlation with the clinical manifestations

Objectives: To highlight the most characteristic histopathological findings of oral lichen planus and their correlation with the clinical manifestations and forms. Study design: We performed a retrospective study of 50 biopsied and diagnosed cases of oral lichen planus obtained over a period of 11 years, spanning from May 1998 to April 2009. We analyzed the age and sex of the patient, type of lichen planus, location and different histopathological findings, comparing them with the clinical lesions. Results: Seventy eight percent of the patients are female and 22% are male, with an average age of 56.06 years for both sexes. The most frequent clinical form is reticular, present in 78% of the cases, and the most common location is the buccal mucosa, present in 70% of the patients. Hydropic degeneration of the basal layer and lymphocytic infiltration in the subepithelial layer are observed in the entire sample. Signs of atypia were identified in 4% of the cases, but without dysplasic features. Other common histological findings were the presence of necrotic keratinocytes (92%), hyperplasia (54%), hyperkeratosis (66%), acanthosis (48%), and less frequently, serrated ridges (30%) and the presence plasma cells (26%) Conclusions: Oral lichen planus is a disease that is more common in women, usually appearing in the fifth and sixth decades of life. The most common clinical form is reticular, manifesting mainly in the buccal mucosa. Histological findings characteristic of oral lichen planus include hydropic degeneration of the basal layer, lymphocytic infiltration in the subepithelial layer and the absence of epithelial dysplasia; however, it is also frequent to observe hyperplasia phenomena at the epithelial level, hyperkeratosis, acanthosis and the presence of necrotic keratinocytes. © Medicina Oral