Образ міста у “Вступній новелі” та “Арабесках” М. Хвильового

Стаття присвячена аналізу образу міста у “Вступній новелі” та “Арабесках” М. Хвильового. Досліджуються елементи “міського тексту” Харкова, присутні у творах. Образ міста, зображеного у новелах, співвідноситься з містом концентричного й ексцентричного типу, містом-дівою, містом- блудницею, містом-карнавалом, містом-ярмарком. Ключові слова: образ міста, місто концентричного типу, місто ексцентричного типу, місто-діва, місто-блудниця, місто-карнавал, “міський текст” Харкова.Стаття посвящается образу города в “Вступительной новелле” и “Арабесках” М. Хвылевого. Исследуются элементы “городского текста” Харькова, присутствующие в произведениях. Образ города, изображенного в новеллах соотносится с городом концентрического и эксцентрического типа, городом-девой, городом-блудницей, городом-карнавалом. Ключевые слова: образ города, город концентрического типа, город эксцентрического типа, город-дева, город-блудница, город-карнавал, “городской текст” Харькова.The article is devoted to an image of a city in M. Hvylevogo’s “The introductory short story” and “Arabesques”. Elements of Kharkovs “the city text” are investigated. The image of the city represented in short stories corresponds with a city of concentric and eccentric type, a city-maiden, a city-loose woman, a city-carnival. Keywords: an image of a city, a city of concentric type, a city of eccentric type, a city-maiden, a city-loose woman, a city-carnival, “the city text” of Kharkov

Powder processing methodology for fabrication of Copper/Graphite composite materials with enhanced thermal properties

International audienceThis study focuses on the powder processing methodology (PPM) for the fabrication of metal matrix composite using Graphite flakes (Grf) reinforced Copper (Cu). The manufacturing route involved (1) a reductive treatment of Grf powder to purify and increase its quality, (2) the mixing of the Cu and the Grf (0–40 vol%) powders with a fast and efficient Resonant Acoustic (RA) mixer, and finally (3) the cold and hot-pressing of composite powders. Comparison of PPM is made with literature and a usual method used in our laboratory. The quality of Grf after different steps was analyzed by Raman spectroscopy and XRD. Microstructure of the composite materials were analyzed by SEM. It was shown that this new PPM demonstrated better composite structural and thermal properties even at low volume fraction of Grf with a maximum of 630 W·m−1·K−1 obtained with 40 vol% of Grf at 70 °C

Structure and evolution of the Gulf of Lions: The Sardinia seismic experiment and the GOLD (Gulf of Lions Drilling) project

International audienceThe study of the deep structure and evolution of passive continental margins is important for the understanding of rifting processes and the formation of associated sedimentary basins. Since the classical models of McKenzie (1978) and Wernicke (1985), understanding how passive continental margins form, that is to say mainly the way that continental lithosphere is thinned leading to subsidence, remains one of the main challenges in the Earth sciences. Many recent observations and discoveries have modified our basic views of margin formation. The conservational models paradigm (i.e., simple shear, pure shear, or polyphase models), which exclude exchanges between lower continental crust and upper mantle and which are usually proposed to explain lithospheric stretching and consequent crustal thinning of passive continental margins, fail to completely explain all these observations. Furthermore, these models imply a large amount of horizontal movement, movements not observed in the field. In consequence, new concepts need to be built and tested

A Multicassette Gateway Vector Set for High Throughput and Comparative Analyses in Ciona and Vertebrate Embryos

BACKGROUND: The past few years have seen a vast increase in the amount of genomic data available for a growing number of taxa, including sets of full length cDNA clones and cis-regulatory sequences. Large scale cross-species comparisons of protein function and cis-regulatory sequences may help to understand the emergence of specific traits during evolution. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: To facilitate such comparisons, we developed a Gateway compatible vector set, which can be used to systematically dissect cis-regulatory sequences, and overexpress wild type or tagged proteins in a variety of chordate systems. It was developed and first characterised in the embryos of the ascidian Ciona intestinalis, in which large scale analyses are easier to perform than in vertebrates, owing to the very efficient embryo electroporation protocol available in this organism. Its use was then extended to fish embryos and cultured mammalian cells. CONCLUSION: This versatile vector set opens the way to the mid- to large-scale comparative analyses of protein function and cis-regulatory sequences across chordate evolution. A complete user manual is provided as supplemental material

Coupled surface to deep Earth processes: Perspectives from TOPO-EUROPE with an emphasis on climate- and energy-related societal challenges

Understanding the interactions between surface and deep Earth processes is important for research in many diverse scientific areas including climate, environment, energy, georesources and biosphere. The TOPO-EUROPE initiative of the International Lithosphere Program serves as a pan-European platform for integrated surface and deep Earth sciences, synergizing observational studies of the Earth structure and fluxes on all spatial and temporal scales with modelling of Earth processes. This review provides a survey of scientific developments in our quantitative understanding of coupled surface-deep Earth processes achieved through TOPO-EUROPE. The most notable innovations include (1) a process-based understanding of the connection of upper mantle dynamics and absolute plate motion frames; (2) integrated models for sediment source-to-sink dynamics, demonstrating the importance of mass transfer from mountains to basins and from basin to basin; (3) demonstration of the key role of polyphase evolution of sedimentary basins, the impact of pre-rift and pre-orogenic structures, and the evolution of subsequent lithosphere and landscape dynamics; (4) improved conceptual understanding of the temporal evolution from back-arc extension to tectonic inversion and onset of subduction; (5) models to explain the integrated strength of Europe's lithosphere; (6) concepts governing the interplay between thermal upper mantle processes and stress-induced intraplate deformation; (7) constraints on the record of vertical motions from high-resolution data sets obtained from geo-thermochronology for Europe's topographic evolution; (8) recognition and quantifications of the forcing by erosional and/or glacial-interglacial surface mass transfer on the regional magmatism, with major implications for our understanding of the carbon cycle on geological timescales and the emerging field of biogeodynamics; and (9) the transfer of insights obtained on the coupling of deep Earth and surface processes to the domain of geothermal energy exploration. Concerning the future research agenda of TOPO-EUROPE, we also discuss the rich potential for further advances, multidisciplinary research and community building across many scientific frontiers, including research on the biosphere, climate and energy. These will focus on obtaining a better insight into the initiation and evolution of subduction systems, the role of mantle plumes in continental rifting and (super)continent break-up, and the deformation and tectonic reactivation of cratons; the interaction between geodynamic, surface and climate processes, such as interactions between glaciation, sea level change and deep Earth processes; the sensitivity, tipping points, and spatio-temporal evolution of the interactions between climate and tectonics as well as the role of rock melting and outgassing in affecting such interactions; the emerging field of biogeodynamics, that is the impact of coupled deep Earth – surface processes on the evolution of life on Earth; and tightening the connection between societal challenges regarding renewable georesources, climate change, natural geohazards, and novel process-understanding of the Earth system

Origin and mobility of Iron Age Gaulish groups in present-day France revealed through archaeogenomics

The Iron Age period occupies an important place in French history, as the Gauls are regularly presented as the direct ancestors of the extant French population. We documented here the genomic diversity of Iron Age communities originating from six French regions. The 49 acquired genomes permitted us to highlight an absence of discontinuity between Bronze Age and Iron Age groups in France, lending support to a cultural transition linked to progressive local economic changes rather than to a massive influx of allochthone groups. Genomic analyses revealed strong genetic homogeneity among the regional groups associated with distinct archaeological cultures. This genomic homogenisation appears to be linked to individuals’ mobility between regions as well as gene flow with neighbouring groups from England and Spain. Thus, the results globally support a common genomic legacy for the Iron Age population of modern-day France that could be linked to recurrent gene flow between culturally differentiated communities

2. Exploration des bassins sédimentaires et production des hydrocarbures : outils et verrous

L’interface entre la terre solide et ses enveloppes fluides est une limite unique dans le système solaire où opère une extraordinaire machinerie concentrant le carbone. En captant l’énergie des photons solaires, les cellules chlorophylliennes transforment le CO2 atmosphérique, qui provient à l’origine du dégazage de la planète, en longues chaînes carbonées. L’énergie ainsi fossilisée au sein des liaisons C-C ne se conserve que si la biomasse produite est préservée de l’oxydation*. Seul l’enfo..

Campagne Estocade, submersible Cyana : 4-26 août 1976

Le dépouillement des 14 plongées profondes effectuées sur la marge proven­çale (canyons des Stoechades et de Saint-Tropez), au cours de la mission Estocade, est présenté ici. Les échantillons prélevés ont permis de dater de l'Oligo-Aquitanien une épaisse série terrigène (constituant les falaises de ces canyons), et du Pléistocène des grès et des conglomérats (limités au fond et aux parties basses des parois des ca­nyons). L'absence de dépôts miocènes et les formes d'érosion trouvées au sommet des conglomérats oligo-aquitaniens peuvent s'expliquer par un creusement subaérien des ca­nyons au Messinien